Biography
U-Eithel uVoyani wazalelwa eIreland, wabhala ngesiNgesi kwaye wasweleka eUnited States. Nangona kunjalo, inoveli yombhali malunga notshintsho, olwela ukuzimela kwenkululeko ye-Itali ukusuka kubudala base-Austrian, ifumene ukuthandwa okukhulu kwiTussia kunye ne-USSR. Incwadi ethi "Ukutya" ecatshulwe uNikolai Ostrovsky emsebenzini "Wafundwa njani ngentsimbi", wafundwa kwaye waphefumlelwa ngamagorha exesha elizayo inqwelo moya ye-titriotic yase-Alexander Kosmodensinsky.Ubuntwana noLutsha
Umbhali wexesha elizayo wazalwa nge-11 kaMeyi, i-1864 kwilali yaseIrish ye-Balinkle, kwiNtsapho yoProfesa kwiMathematics George Bul. Intombazana ebizwa ngokuba yi-Ethel Lilian yayiyintombazana yesihlanu yenye yabasekeli ye-Loogic, kwimisebenzi yakhe kwinkulungwane yama-20 yaqalisa ukuba i-bartrand runsell kunye neClaude Shannen. Oodade abadala be-novelist - i-Alicia, uLucy, uMary noMargaret - baduma njengezazinzulu ezizimeleyo, abafazi kunye nemathematics kunye neMagazini yeMathematics.
Xa uEthel wayenesiqingatha ngonyaka, utata wakhe wasweleka. Unobangela wokusweleka kwendoda eneminyaka engama-49 ubudala yaba yiPnemonia. Iingxaki zemiphunga zazisebuntwaneni kunye ne-novelst yexesha elizayo. Ngesi sizathu, umama uEtheS ongumfundisi wemathematics kunye nelifa lomyeni womntu oswelekileyo, kwiminyaka eyi-8 wathabatha intombi encinci yathatha uMtyholi uEsathana waseMtyholi - owayesebenza kwimizuzu.
Xa unxibelelana noMtshana, uMalume wagxila ekupheliseni "izinto ezimbi" zentombazana. Ke, xa isihlobo esiPhezulu sabonakala ngathi uEthel wathathwa sisiqwengana seswekile ngaphandle kwesidingo, wayeyivala intombi ka-Chulana.
Umbhali wamava abantwana abonakaliswa kwinoveli "uJack Reimiond". Ubomi, uEthel waligcina ingqulelo yenkolo kunye ne-feence, ekholelwa ukuba inkolo inokuthi ityhalele umntu ukuba anyanzele umntu ukuba athethe umntu onamandla kunye nekhomishini yezenzo ezimbi. Ikowuti eyaziwayo emsebenzini ka-Waiche "Thatha izihlangu zakho":
"Mhlawumbi, uThixo ubadubulela kancinci bonke aboni ezulwini, xa iingelosi zijika, emva koko zithintele ukukhangela ukuba naye uyayiqonda indlela ababehamba ngayo apho."Kwiminyaka embalwa, umama wafumana umsebenzi eLondon kwaye wathabatha intombi encinci kwikomkhulu laseBritane. Ngo-18, uEthel wafumana ilifa elincinci kwaye wangena kwi-Berlin Resorvator yokuphucula umdlalo kwipiyano. Kwikomkhulu loBukhosi baseJamani, le ntombazana yafunda kwiintetho zababulala kwaye zaba nomdla kwinkcubeko yaseRussia.
Ubomi Buqu
Kubomi be-Ethel, kwasebutsheni bakhe, ababedlula kwisinxibo esimnyama kwisibonakaliso sentlungu ekungafezeki kwehlabathi, yayingumtshato omnye. Kodwa ngaphandle kweqabane, abantu abaninzi abaninzi bavelisa imvakalelo eyomeleleyo kubungcwele be-bendain, kwaye zobathathu zazingaphandle koBukhosi baseRussia. Umntu wokuqala onobubele obe nefuthe kubomi kunye nobuchule bombhali, waba yi-peepling kunye nombhali waseSeergey kravchinsky, opapashe phantsi kwe-puududugunsky, opapashiweyo phantsi kwe-pseundenym steppe.Ngaphantsi kwempembelelo ye-bantar yaseRussia, eyayihlala ekufudukeni eLondon, uEthel wafunda i-Russian kunye neminyaka emi-2 eyayihlala kwiPhondo le-voronezh njengelizwe le-vesevitinov. Inyaniso enomdla: i-standnyak-kravchinsky, egwebayo ngefoto, efana ne-PROL ye-MARL, yaba yi-prototy perl, yaba yi-prototypes yomlinganiswa kuphela, kodwa nakwiinoveli ze-Emil Zol ". ISergey Mikhailovich, njengo-Anna Karenina, wasweleka phantsi kweevili zoololiwe. Ngokutsho kwabaphandi, isigameko sentlekele eyenzeka ekupheleni kuka-1895 yayingeyozibulala, kodwa yengozi.
Ifani ye-vozhyney Ethez ifunyenwe, etshatileyo kwi-42 etshatileyo kwi-Poliliary eLondon ephuma eLondon Ikhonkco, eNgilani owayehlala phantsi kwegama elinguWilfd Michael Vonyy. Umtshato awuzange umbhali okanye abantwana okanye ubutyebi, kodwa kwixa elizayo baguqukayo: umyeni waphulukana nengqondo yothando kwaye waguqukela ekubeni ngumthengisi we-antiquary kunye nomthengisi we-anticure. Impumelelo yobungcali bukaWilfred uMichael yayikukufunyanwa kombhalo obhaliweyo kulwimi lwakudala olungaziwayo, obizwa ngokuba "yiswasicript".
Ngokutsho kwamahemuhemu, intanda ka-etel yayiyindawo ye-odessa - iBritish Scout sydney Aalil. I-SPY, eyalungiselela ukubulawa yi-Ester Yakovy Blumykina yomkhosi waseJamani eRussia, uWilhelm Von Mirbach, wema kwintloko yokusebenza "waba yinye yeeprotobals zeqhina. Umfanekiso kaRailli kwi-cinema yeSoviet yaziswa ngu-Alexander Shirvindt, Vladimir Tatos kunye neSergey Yursky.
Isiqingatha sesibini sobomi be-Ethel esinikezelwe kubuchule bomculo. Phakathi kwemisebenzi yommiselo wemfazwe - i-orario "iBhabheli", uKantiya "weSixeko sangaphantsi samanzi" kunye "noFpitaph ngohlobo lwe-ballads".
Ukususela ngo-1920, uVoikhany wayehlala eUnited States, eNew York. Ekuqaleni nomyeni wakhe, emva kokuba efile, neqabane lakhe, intombi kunye nonobhala ka-Anna ill.
Iincwadi
I-Wagoney ngumbhali wezolo ezintlanu, ingqokelela yokuguqulela "iRussia" kunye nokuguqulela kulwimi lwe-william shakespeare ye-taam ezintandathu. Imveliso ye-Dethel ye-Ethelut ", imithi", exela ikamva lika-Arthur Borton (uFelice Rivares), uguquko lwase-Italiyane malunga nekamva lika-Arthur Berton.
Ukuphendula kumbuzo we-boris Polevoy malunga nokuba ngubani osebenza njenge-prototype yegorha elidumileyo, umbhali wathi u-Arthur wayeyintshayelelo ye-rous, intetho, intambo yasimahla yaseRussia kwaye iphinde isebenze kwakhona kwiincwadi zokufunda. Ukudalwa komfanekiso we-rivares, i-Ekten yomfana "womfana" webrashi yomculi wase-Italiyane Franchabibi. I-canvas leyo i-Valkali yabona ebutsheni bakhe eLouvre yangenisa intombi yeMathematics ukuba aqambe imbali yomlinganiswa ozaliswe ngumzabalazo, ukubandezeleka kunye nokupheliswa. I-Vocket ayizange ithathe inxaxheba ngekopi yomfanekiso.
Enye i-roman ye-rolali - "iphazamisa ubuhlobo" kwaye "zithathe izihlangu zakho" - zixhunyiwe kwi-rivares ye-rivares. Eyokuqala ichaza ukuzula kwe-Arthur eMzantsi Melika, okwesibini, yaba yingoma yombhali, - iingulowu zombhali wooyihlo.
Kwinoveli "i-olivia le-olivia" ibonakaliswa bubomi bukaEthel. I-heroine iyayithanda i-Russia iguqukane kuqala, emva koko i-faartane yakhe yePoland.
Yonke imisebenzi ye-phenancic ichaze ukuqhelaniswa nolwazi lokuqhelaniswa. Iinjongo eziphindaphindayo zenoveli-ukusweleka komntwana, ubuhlobo bomzalwana okanye uYise nentombi yakhe, inkangeleko yamagorha ngohlobo olutsha - i-Ascetov, ilungele ukulwa okusesikweni.
Ukufa
U-Ethel Velch phenke usweleke eNew York ngehlobo le-1960 iminyaka engama-96. Abaphandi ayavumelani kumboniso womhla wokusweleka kombhali "Odod". Eminye abantu bebhayoloji bekholelwa ukuba umbhali wasweleka nge-27 kaJulayi, nabanye - ukuba ngoJulayi 28.Ngaphezulu kweminyaka emi-5 ngaphambi kokusweleka kwe-wikita khrushchev, ifumene intlawulo yeencwadi ze-SOVIET ye- $ 15 ngobukhulu be- $ 15 ngo-Oleg Strizhenov kwindima ekhokelayo. Igumbi lefilimu leSoviet lidanile.
Ngokutsho kwentando yomoveli, umzimba wakhe utywe, kwaye uthuli luye lwaphela ngaphezulu kwepaki ephakathi yeNew York.
I-Bibliography
- 1897 - "Guyd"
- Ngo-1901 - "UJack Reimiond"
- I-1904 - Olivia kade
- 1910 - "Ubuhlobo obutshiweyo"
- Ngo-1945 - "Susa izihlangu zakho"