Biography
UStephen Edwin King wazalelwa ekuweni kowe-1941 kwimo yaseMelika ye-Maime, kwisixeko sasePortland. Ukuzalwa kwenkwenkwe kunokubizwa ngokuba ngummangaliso. Inyani yile yokuba iNelly Ruuth Pillsbury ingumama wombhali wexesha elizayo - ogqirha bafumanise ukuba bangenalusu. Xa le ntokazi yatshata okwesibini komphathi wevenkile yeSonald yaseDonald uEnald Ekumkani, amaqabane agqiba kwelokuba athathe inkwenkwe. Kwavela unyana ka-David uVictor. Kwaye kwiminyaka emibini kamva, uNelli ngequbuliso wakhulelwa. Esi sibini sazalwa singunyana kaStefan Edwin.
Kodwa umntwana oqhelekileyo akazange enze umtshato wabazali womelele. Intloko yosapho yayinodumo onothando. Ukuba ngumatiloshe, wahamba kwihlabathi jikelele. Emva kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II, uDonald uyekile kwizithuthi kwaye wazinza ukuze usebenze yiarhente yorhwebo, ehambisa abathengi beecowwer. Ubomi bosapho bayo. Xa uStefano waguqukela kwiminyaka emi-2 ubudala, utata wanyamalala kubomi bakhe. Indoda iphuma endlwini yokuthenga icuba kwaye yaphela. Umama wabhengeza oonyana bakhe ukuba utata wayekhuselwe nguMarciana. Ngokutsho kweminye imithombo, lo mfazi wakuqiqa ngelithi "uMartie" unokuba ngumlindi omnandi ovela kwiConnecticut.
Ukubaleka ukuya phezulu, masithi iqela lokudubula lelinye lamajelo akwi-Merican TV, esebenza kwi-bible yebhayiloji ye-Stephen kwi-1990s, wafumana umzali wakhe ongakhathaliyo. Xa yayihamba, wayehlala kufutshane, kwilizwe lasePennsylvania, kunye nenkosikazi yakhe uBrazil nabane.
Emva kokubaleka komyeni wakhe, uRuth-Pianity kwimfundo - kwafuneka aqine. Wathatyathwa kuwo nawuphi na umsebenzi ohlawulelweyo, nje ukondla oonyana. Usebenze njengemthengisi kwi-saleswoman kwisicaka okanye umkhonzi kwizindlu ezityebileyo. Ibhinqa lokukhangela umsebenzi olungileyo lwashukunyiswa ukusuka kurhulumente ukuya kurhulumente. Intsapho yayihlala eIndiana, i-Massachusetts, iWisconsin kunye neDipyche. Ekugqibeleni, wayema kwidolophu yasentshona Durim kwimo ye-maine.
UStephen King wabona umama onzima, nangona engazange akhalaze. Waqonda ukuba uluntu lwamathuba alinganayo luyintsomi kubantu abanamvelo. Ngapha koko, ubomi bunzima kwaye bungalunganga.
Njengomntwana, uSteve waba lingqina elibi kwintlekele enkulu: Umntu onguPenta wasweleka emehlweni akhe, owawela phantsi kweevili zoqeqesho lorhwebo. Ukumkani wasinda koloyiko olukhulu, emva kwenkumbulo yakhe, izakhelo zokufa zazineentloni kangangexesha elithile. Babeka kwiminyaka embalwa kamva, xa waxelelwa ngentlekele. Abathunywa bombhali baphikisana ukuba lo msitho wayenempembelelo emsebenzini waza waphefumlelwa ukuba abhale imisebenzi ethile.
Ukuhamba rhoqo kugxininiswa kwempilo esele ibuthathaka kuKumkani uStephen. Izifo imasisi isifo uye wabandezeleka kakhulu. Kwabakho i-suryditis ekhathazayo, eyafudukela kwenye yeendlela zosulelo lwendlebe, ezonakeleyo ezinganyangekiyo. Izihlandlo ezithathu inkwenkwe yafumana ubunzima xa ihlatywe yi-eardrum. Ngenxa yesifo sokumkani, wafunda kwinqanaba lokuqala iminyaka emibini.
Mhlawumbi bonke obu bunzima bubalulekileyo buyenze inyani yokwenyani kunye nokuncokola komntu. Wamkela iifilimu ezothusayo. Imbonakalo ebonakalayo kwi-psyche yakhe yayikukupeyinta kuhlobo lobuqhetseba "," i-Psychoshing HARDEA "," ndaba yi-Psychoagodka "," ndaba yi-palatima "kunye" nesanti ye-Ivadzima ". UStephen uKumkani osebutsheni bakhe wayebonakala kangangokuba wade ubukele ikhathuni "Bbi" enendawo yomlilo wehlathi yayingunobangela wobusuku obuhlungu.
Iincwadi ezithandwayo zikaMfo ziqukuquka "i-hulk", "iSpiderman", "Superman", iRiderbury ", ne-REA Bradbury, kunye ne-Coradbue malunga ne-bikept". Emva koko inkosi uStefano ivuma ukuba wayeyithanda imvakalelo yoloyiko kunye "nemvakalelo yokulahleka ngokupheleleyo kokulawula iimvakalelo."
Ukuphazamisa kwizifo rhoqo, inkwenkwe, ikhuthazwe nguMama, yaqala ukubhala. Isampula ye-Fieser yenzekile kwiminyaka eyi-7. UKumkani uStephen wabhala ibali elincinci malunga ne-adventres ye-captain cally. Umthombo wokuphefumlelwa yayiyeyona nto imbi malunga nomphathi onesibindi. Inkwenkwe iphinda ifundwe ngokulula. Umama uncoma umsebenzi, kodwa kwangaxeshanye uqaphele ukuba uSteve wayenokwenza into eyakhe. Kungekudala umbhali wexesha elizayo wabonakalisa amabali amane amancinci malunga nomvundla omhlophe kwityala lakhe. Kuwo ngamnye wabo, umama wamhlawula intlawulo yokuqala "kwinani leesenti ezingama-25.
Indalo
Ukususela ngoku, uKumkani uStephen wasebenza, ngaphandle kokuma. "Olona mbali lwe" Wostseller "lwaya kuba libali elibhalwe ngesiseko sefilimu" kakuhle kunye ne-pendulum ". Lo ndoda iprinte umsebenzi wayo kwinani leekopi ezingama-40 kwi-hectograph.
Ngo-1959, uStephen oneminyaka eli-18 ubudala oneminyaka eli-18, kunye noMzalwana uDavid, waqalisa ukukhupha i-herald yolwazi, eyabizwa ngokuba yi "Dave Gof". Aba bantu basasaza ngoncedo lwe-mimeografs lakudala kwaye iisenti ezi-5 zithengiselwe abahlobo, abamelwane nezihlobo. UDavid wabhala iindaba zasekhaya, kwaye uSteve-uphononongo lweefilimu kunye namabali abo amafutshane. Kwangelo xesha, uKumkani uStephen kuqala ufunda imisebenzi yeHoward Phillips Elfraft. Waba ngumbhali owuthandayo. Ngokutsho kwakhe, emva kokufumana amabali emfuneko yokuqokelelwa "ukunyibilika emathunzini", wayenembono 'yokubuyela'.
Kwiiklasi zeSikolo samabanga aphakamileyo, inkosi yaseStephen ayikwazanga ukwenza isigqibo sokuba masizenzele into elandelayo: Ukungena eyunivesithi okanye ukuya kwi-Vusine okanye ukuya kwiVolontiya eVietnam ukuqokelela izibakala ezinomdla. Into yokuba ubomi obungaphezulu buya kunxulunyaniswa nombhali, akazange athandabuze. Umama waqinisekisa unyana, onokuba neengxaki zombono, inkunkuma ukuya eVietnam.
Ukumkani wangena kwikholeji, apho waqala khona ukulungiselela ukwamkelwa eyunivesithi. Kwaye usahlala kumzi-mveliso wokuluka. Umsebenzi wawuyimfuneko ukufumana imali. USteve ukupakisha iimpahla zempahla kwaye wasongazela kwizitya. Kwimilinganiselo ephakathi komsebenzi, amafu emigudu enobundlobongela ayelahlekile kwigumbi elingaphantsi. Emva kwexesha, ezi meko zaba sisiseko sebali "ebusuku hamba".
NgoAgasti ka-1966, uKumkani uStephen wangena kwiDyunivesithi yaseMaine, enyula icandelo loncwadi lwaseBritani. Kwangelo xesha, wafunda kwiKholeji yeDidagogical. USteve noDave kufuneka baqine, kuba umama wathumela oonyana kuphela kwi-5 ye-5 ngeveki kwiindleko zepokotho, ngelixa inkwenkwezi ngokwayo.
Eyunivesithi, kwikamva "yokumkani eyoyikisayo" utshatile. Emva kokuphumelela eyunivesithi, ukufumana isidanga se-bachelor, wagqiba kwelokuba aphile. Kodwa ayizange ibuyise ingeniso. Ke ngoko, uKumkani uStephen kunye nosapho lwayo lwalukho kwingeniso yakhe egudileyo, kwimali mboleko yomfundi yamaqabane kunye nemirhumo emincinci yamabali ombhali awayepapasha iimagazini.
Ekuweni kwe-1971, uStephen uKumkani wafumana utitshala wesiNgesi kwesinye seZikolo zakwaHaMMDEn eSome. Waqhubeka nokubhala, kodwa kubonakala ngathi, waqalisa ukuphulukana nentembelo kwizakhono zakhe zokufunda. Nje ukuba iqabane lakho lifunyenwe kwibhokisi yenkunkuma Umbhalo obhaliweyo weKarry Roma. Waphosa uyilo, ngaphandle kokongeza umsebenzi ukuya esiphelweni. Umfazi wafunda inoveli, wamisa umyeni wakhe ukuba ayongeze.
Ngobusika bowe-1973, uMama uKumkani uKing wasweleka. Umfazi akazange aphile kunyaka ophambi kwempumelelo yoNyana wokuqala. Ngo-1974, omnye wabapapashi wathabatha impapasho yeCorrie "yaseRoma kwaye wahlawula umbhali oyi- $ 2500. Ngesiquphe, kuba ndingothando, ndibathandile. Ukupapasha Indlu "Usuku oluncinci" luthengiswe kwi-Copyright emsebenzini wenye, indlu enkulu yokupapasha "i-Nal", ingamawaka angama-400 eedola. Isiqingatha semali ifumene inkosi yenkosi.
Umbhali wamshiya utitshala waza wafudukela kwimo yaseColorado elula. Apha, kwisixeko saseBoulder, ukukhanya kwesibini esiyimpumelelo "ukuphela kwadalwa.
Esekupheleni kweminyaka yee-1970, uKumkani uStephen wadalwa nguRseudududm Richard Bachman. Abanye oovimba ababhali bombhali bayaphikisana ukuba ukupapashwa kweencwadi phantsi kwegama eliyintsomi kwaxelwa kukungaqiniseki kokungazithembi. Kwabonakala kuye ukuba impumelelo ephumeleleyo yayiyingozi. Ukuphinda iphinde ijonge phantsi kwegama elahlukileyo, inkosi yayifuna ukuqiniseka malunga nokuchaseneyo. Phantsi kwe-puchaudm richard bakhman yapapashwa incwadi eyi "gege". Kodwa ukumkani wabamba intengiso emva kwesaphuli-mthetho esincinci, okhangela abo ufunda nabo eKansas, wafumana inoveli yakhe.
Igama URichard Bachman avele phantsi kweenoveli ezininzi, "ukuhamba ixesha elide", "isebenza ngendlela", "umntu oqhuba" "nokuphulukana nobunzima." Kuyaphawuleka ukuba ifani yababhali bathathwe ngumbhali 'wezixhobo "kuba wayenomdla weqela lomculo elidumileyo".
I-punesdontm kaKumkani uStephen kwafuneka inikezele emva komthengisi wevenkile yakhe yeWashington yavezwa. Emva koko i-novelist yazisa ukuba uBachman wasweleka ngumhlaza.
Ngo-1980-90, ezona ncwadi zibalaseleyo zikaStephen Kuvela. Okokuqala, ziintolo "zamaRoma", ezaba ngokuqala kumjikelo "tower emnyama". Ngo-1982 kwirekhodi yeentsuku ezili-10, wabhala iphepha lama-300 le ndoda yokubaleka. "
Ngo-1996, incwadi ethi "I-Mer Greeni" yavela. Le yenye yezona zithandwa ze-romanov yenkosi. Kunyaka emva koko, umbhali wagqiba kwemvumelwano ngendlu yokupapasha "Simon & Schusters", ehlawula intlawulo engaphambili ye-8 yezigidi zeedola ezinamathambo ", kwaye iphinde yanika ingeniso yentengiso.
Imisebenzi emininzi ye "nkosi eyoyikisayo" iyatyhutyha. Ngo-1998, i-Stephen King yemeko yenye yezona thontetho zeTV zaloo minyaka - iprojekthi "izinto ezifihlakeleyo", apho uGolukovan no-David Gelukovan badlala indima yabo yenkanyezi.
Ngehlobo lowe-1999, i-minibus yadubula inja yombhali. U-Stephen uKumkani ufumene amaqhekeza amaninzi omlenze wasekunene, ukwaphuka kwe-hip, ukwenzakala entloko kunye nemiphunga. Umlenze wawusele ungowokugcina ukunqunyulwa. Ixesha elide, i-novelist inokuhlala kungabi ngaphezu kwemizuzu engama-40, emva kokuba iintlungu kwithanga elaphukileyo laba buhlungu. Lo msitho wawusekwe kwinxalenye yesi-7 ye "Dele Tower" yoluhlu lweenoveli, kwaye wafumana umboniso kwenye yeefilimu zoluhlu lwasebukhosini lwasebukhosini.
Ngo-2002, uStephen ukumkani wacaphukisa abalandeli bakhe ngeendaba zokuba uyeka umsebenzi wokubhala. Kusekunzima ukuhlala, engavumelekanga ukuba ijolise kwi-masterriece elandelayo. Kodwa kuvuyo olukhulu lwabalandeli, inoveli yaphula isithembiso sokuyeka ukubhala.
Ngo-2004, inxalenye yokugqibela ye-Epic "inqaba emnyama" yapapashwa. Kwaye emva kweminyaka emi-2, i-novelist yanika imveliso entsha ebizwa ngokuba ngu "Lisa imbali".
Ngo-2006, i-Amateur yemfihlakalo yemfihlakalo uStephen yazisa ukuba ifumene inoveli yeNovel Bakhman. Ngapha koko, yafunyanwa ngabonga imibhalo-ngqango yawo yamaxesha omfundi, ethi lonke eli xesha lagcinwa eyunivesithi.
Ukususela ngo-2008 ukuya ku-2016, uGerphen, uyakholisa abafundi ngokuqokelela amabali "emva kokutshona kwelanga" kunye "noTsa", "Mnu. Mer Cerces" kunye "ne-Reduve" . Ngehlobo lowama-2016, "uKumkani owoyikisayo" wazisa isahlulo sesithathu senqaku le "Mnumzana Mercedes", elibizwa ngokuba yi "Post."
Kwakuloo nyaka, abalandeli betalente yetalente "yokumkani eyoyikisayo" ngovuyo bajonga inxaxheba kubabhali ababini abadumileyo - inkosi yenkosi noGeorge Martin. Intlanganiso yenzekile eAlbquequeque.
Ubomi Buqu
Njengoko kuchaziwe apha ngasentla, kunye nenkosikazi yexesha elizayo, uTobita Worruce Mpumist wadibana eyunivesithi. Ngelo xesha banzima babenonyana uYosefu nentombi yakhe. Emva koko, unyana wesibini wabonakala - uOwen. I-TABITY HAYI UMSEBENZI WOKUGQIBELA WOKUGQIBELA-Lo mfazi ukwazama ukwenza, kodwa iinoveli zakhe ezilithoba azisebenzisanga iimfuno ezizodwa.
Ubomi bobuqu uStephen Kumkani kunye nenkosikazi yakhe abayithandayo. Bebonke badlula kwiimvavanyo ezininzi. Ekuqaleni kobomi bosapho-ngentlupheko. Emva kwexesha - ngokusebenzisa utywala kunye nobukhoboka beziyobisi. Ngo-1999, ileta yayifanele ukuvela kwelinye lamaphephandaba akwahamba-ntetho, kwathiwa kuKe kaloku, ebhalwa nguKumkani uStephen, awavumayo ukuba ixesha lokubhala i "tomminoxy" inoveli.
Njengoko kwavela, i-1980s yayigqubuthelene nekhoboka likaKing ukusela kunye neziyobisi. Ukuze uqiniseke ngemikhwa yobuqhetseba ukubhenela koogqirha, i-cieded "iqokelele" ubungqina: bathabatha iibhanki ezifumaneka kwibhiya, ukupakisha kwi-varium, icocaine kunye nentsangu. Kuphela ke, othukile, ebona lonke olu "butyebi" kwikhaphethi, uStefano ukumkani wasiqonda esi sifo kwaye wacela uncedo lweengcali.
Umsebenzi wokuqala obhalwe nguye emva kokubuyisela kwakhona yayiyinoveli "izinto eziyimfuneko".
Ndikunye nenkosikazi yakhe uStephen Kumkani zithathu zeZites: eBangweni, noThatlllle naseSarasot. Utyelelo losapho lokugqibela ebusika. Ibekwe elunxwemeni lwe-sub yaseMexican eFlorida eFlorida.
Namhlanje umbhali kunye neqabane lakhe banabazukulwana abane.
Oonyana bakaStefano ukumkani wenza amanyathelo okuqala okubhala. Intombi yentombi uNahomi ubhala ayithandi. Kuyaziwa ngokuba kubudlelwane notitshala wemfundiso ye-TADEK.
Ngexesha lakhe elikhululekileyo, uKumkani uStephen utyelela imidlalo yeqela le-baseball elithandekayo le-boston ". Ngo-1990s, amaqabane axhase ukwakhiwa kwe "mansfield" yelizwe, kwaye ngo-2014 umbhali wathatha inxaxheba ekuqokeleleni imali yabantu abagulayo.
I-Bibliography
- Ngo-1974 - Karry
- Ngo-1977 - "Shine"
- Ngo-1982 - "Iintolo"
- Ngo-1983 - "amangcwaba kagqirha
- Ngo-1987 - "Ukukhupha iTroy"
- Ngo-1991 - "umhlaba" othandekayo "
- Ngo-1996 - "imayile eluhlaza"
- Ngo-1997 - "UThen kunye nekristale"
- Ngo-2003 - "Iingcuka ze-calies"
- Ngo-2004-Ilanga Susanne
- Ngo-2004 - "inqaba emnyama"
- Ngo-2012 - "umoya nge-gonole"