Biography
I-Harry Kasparov - Umdlali we-chess, obizwa ngokuba ngumdlali omkhulu wehlabathi le-chess. Ukuphumelela okwexesha lesibhozo kwi-chess i-chess i-chess ye-chess, i-chab ye-13 yeHlabathi ye-World, i-11 fold oskaronoc. Ngo-2005, washiya imidlalo yobungcali kwezopolitiko yaza yaya kwi-faya eliphikisayo "enye iRussia".Ubuntwana noLutsha
IHarry Kimovich Kasparov yazalwa ngo-Epreli 13, ngo-1963 kwikomkhulu laseAzerbaijan kwintsapho yezobulumko. Ubuzwe bomdlali we-chess bubangele ukuba iimbambano kuluntu lwaseSoviet kunye nezangqa zemidlalo. Kuyaziwa ukuba i-Kasparov inemvelaphi yamaYuda kumgca kaBawo kunye neArmenian - kwi-Mater. UKim Moiseevich kunye noClara Shagenovna, oonolona nqamkhulu bogogo, bathathwa njenge-Elite yoMbutho weBaku.
Abazali beNkosi yekamva yekamva basebenza njengeenjineli, kwaye babandakanyeka kakhulu kumdlalo we-chess. Ke ngoko, inzondelelo ye-chess genius yaqala ngalo mdlalo ukusukela ngokuzalwa-sele eneminyaka eyi-5, iHarry yaselula yaqala ukufunda umdlalo ovela kumqeqeshi wobungcali.
Kwiminyaka eyi-12, yunoye sancerhene yazisa ukuba yintshatsheli ye-USSR kwi-chess phakathi kwabafana, kwaye nge-17 wafumana isihloko semidlalo. Kwangelo xesha, i-champion yaseburhulumenteni iphumelele esikolweni ngembasa yegolide kwaye yangena kwi-Azerbaijogical Instical Institute kwicandelo leelwimi zasemzini.
Ngo-1980, uHarry wafumana isihloko senkosi ye-Chess yeHlabathi kunye nogogo, owaba sisiqalo kwi-Star Standes yakhe. Umama wakhe wadlala indima enkulu ekuqulunweni komdlali we-chess, oye wanikela ngobomi bakhe kwicandelo lokukhuthaza uNyana wakhe kwicandelo lamanye amazwe. Eli bhinqa lagqiba kwelokuba litshintshe unyana wakhe hayi ubuzwe kuphela, kodwa negama lokugqibela - kunye ne-vinstein ye-vinstein ye-vinstein yaba nguArparov.
Chess
Ngo-1985, iKasparov yaba yintshatsheli yehlabathi le-13 kwimbali yeChess, Odane Anatoly Karpova. Umlo obanjiweyo eMoscow kamva uza kubizwa ngokuba ngumzekelo womdlalo ongenguye.IHarry Kasparov ikwazile ukuba yintshatsheli yehlabathi elincinci kwiminyaka engama-22 kwiinyanga ezingama-27 kunye neentsuku ezingama-27. Umdlali we-chess ukhokele imbambano enkulu ne-Anatoly Karpov, owaba ngumntu okhuphisana naye kwinqanaba le-rhulumente. Imbambano yabo ibibizwa ngokuba "zimbini ukuya".
IHarry iminyaka eli-13 yayiyinkokeli eqhubekayo ye-Elo eguqukayo kunye nophawu lwamanqaku ama-2,200, kwaye ngenxa yoloyiso oluninzi kwiintshatsheli ze-rhulumente ze-jigs zithathe indawo yazo.
Ngo-1996, i-chab yehlabathi ye-chess yadala iklabhu ye-chess ebonakalayo yeKasparov, eyaziwa kwi-Intanethi. Emva koko umdlalo weHarry nxamnye ne-supercomputer ye-blue supercomputer yaqalwa. Intlanganiso yokuqala iphumelele umdlali we-chess, uloyiso lwesibini lufumana imoto.
Kwaye ngo-1999, i-Kasparov iphumelele umdlalo nxamnye nabo bonke abasebenzisi benethiwekhi yehlabathi abahlelwe nguMicrosoft. Ke umdlalo onzulu kunye nomtsalane wenkosi ye-chess kunye nabadlali be-Anateur badlala iinyanga ezi-4, bejonga abantu abazizigidi ezi-3.
Ngo-2005, uHarry wathi wayenemidlalo yobungcali kwezopolitiko, njengoko wayefezekisile kwi-chess yonke into awayeyifuna.
Ezopolitiko
Emva kokuba bephumile kwimidlalo yobungcali, umdlali we-chess omkhulu we-chess wadalwa waza waya kwintshukumo yeqela "ngaphambili". Emva koko wazinceda ngokuchasene nomgaqo-nkqubo woMongameli waseRussia Vladimir Spin.
Ngo-2008, i-Kasparov yadala intshukumo yedemokhrasi ethi "Umanyano" kwaye waqalisa ukusebenza ekuququzeleleni iidrolies zoqhanqalazo ukuze zisebenze. Kodwa izimvo zomgaqo-nkqubo azizange zifumane inkxaso kunye nokudityaniswa kwimithombo yeendaba.
Ngo-2013, uHarry wathi akanqwenela ukubuyela eRussia, eqhubeka nokulwa "nolwaphulo-mthetho" lweKremlin "kwinqanaba lamanye amazwe. Ngo-Matshi ka-2014, iwebhusayithi yeKasparov, epapashiweyo ekhuphukayo ifuna umsebenzi ongekho mthethweni kunye neminyhadala eninzi, yavalwa yiRoskomyonadnidz.
Umbono wayo weengxaki ezibizwayo phakathi kweRussia neUkraine, ezopolitiko zivakalise ipolitiki kwisasazo "yokundwendwela i-DIMMGY GITDY GORDON". Umboniso wakhe wenzeka ngo-2014.
Ubomi Buqu
Ubomi bobuqu be-casparov bungabinamdlangazekiyo kunemisebenzi yakhe yemidlalo kunye nemisebenzi yezopolitiko yentlalo. Umdlali we-chess onomdla (ukuphakama kwe-174 cm, ubunzima be-80 kg) bahlala behlala beyinto ebonakalayo kubafazi. Indoda leyo yayitshatile kathathu, unabantwana - amanenekazi amane aqowayo.Umfazi wokuqala kaKasparov ngo-1989 wayesisikhokelo sobuntu bakwaMaria Arapova. Ngo-1992, intombi kaPolina yazalelwa kwintsapho yeKasparov, kodwa kungekudala i-Union Union yanika uqhawulo-mtshato, amaqabane kufuneka aqhawule umtshato kwi-Harry Kimovich. Emva kwexesha, uMaria noPelina bafumana ubumi baseMelika kwaye baya eUnited States.
Okwesibini umdlali we-chess utshatele umfundi oneminyaka eli-18 ubudala uJulia Vovk. Ngo-1996 kwazala umfazi wesibini kaKaparov, unyana kaVidim. Emva kweminyaka eli-9, umtshato wesibini wentshatsheli wehlabathi ukwawa.
Ngokukhawuleza emva koqhawulo-mtshato uHarry Kimovich kwakhona wangena kubudlelwane bothando. Ngeli xesha endikhethiweyo bakhe yayili-lio's daia tarasova, eneminyaka engama-20 iphantsi kweKasparov. Ngo-2005, iHarry Kimovich itshatile uDariyo, owamnika intombi ka-Aistea. NgoJulayi ngo-2015, usapho lukaKasparov lwagcwaliswa ngendlalifa - iqabane lakhe lazala umyeni wakhe uNicholas.
Ukongeza kubudlelwane obusemthethweni, iHarry Kasparov ikwaquka abantu ababathandayo kunye nomdlali weqonga lemidlalo yethiyetha kunye ne-cinema marina nelan, owazala intombi etyhefu i-nick. Kodwa ngesicelo sikaMama, indoda engazange yamkele, ngaphandle kwento yokuba uNika Nelie ajongeka njengotata onjengo "amacoyi amabini amanzi."
Ukunxibelelana namaqabane kunye nabahlobo, uHarry usebenzisa i-akhawunti kwi-Twitter, kunye ne "Instagram" umgaqo-nkqubo weefoto kunye nomdlali we-chess avele kumaphepha akhe.
Harry Kasparov ngoku
Ngoku iHarry Kasparov iyaqhubeka nokufaka igalelo kuphuhliso lweshishini leChess eRussia. Intshatsheli yangaphambili yehlabathi kunye neChess yaseKasparov Chess incokola imisebenzi yokwazisa i-chess njengoqeqesho kwinkqubo yemfundo kumazwe ahlukeneyo ehlabathi.
Ukuwa kuka-2019, umdlali we-chess wenza ukuba kuvulwe "iforamu yenkululeko", yona iminyaka emininzi idlula kwikomkhulu laseNorway. I-KASPAROV, ngubani obambe isikhundla sosihlalo wesiseko samalungelo oluntu, kwintetho yakhe baphinda bathabathela ingqalelo kubaphulaphuli ababenetyala eRussia.
NgokukaHarry, Vladimir Spin unomdla kwi-Donald Trump ihleli ixesha elide. Enkosi kuMongameli we-United States kwiRussia, ngenzondelelo ngenyameko ayaziwa. Zonke iingxaki ezikhoyo kuqoqosho olukhoyo kwiRussia zivela kwimiboniso mbiwa yokudibanisa, esebenza elizweni.
I-KASPAROV ithelekiswa neRussia neChina, ukubiza umdlali ophantsi komhlaba "wokudlala" ongaphantsi komhlaba "ezijolise ekufezekisweni kobuchule, ngelixa ummelwane wayo obaluleke kakhulu okanye izibonelelo zexeshana.
Impumelelo
- Ngo-1982-1983-19555555588, 1995-1996, 1999, 20019, 2001-2002 - I-Chess Oscar
- Ngo-1987 - I-odolo yomsebenzi obomvu wabasebenzi
- Ngo-1991 - "umlondolozi welanga"
- Ngo-1994 -Umyalelo wobuhlobo babantu
- Ngo-1995 -Umyalelo wenkanyezi yaseCroatia ene-Fano Buchara
- Ngo-1995-umbulelo kumongameli weRussian Federation
- Ngo-1996 - umbulelo kuMongameli weRussian Federation