Biography
UFidel Castro-Ilizwe laziwa ngehlabathi kunye nenkokeli esisigxina ye-cuba, eyayilawula i-cuba ngaphezulu kwesiqingatha senkulungwane. Zininzi iintsomi malunga nemisebenzi yakhe kunye nobomi, ezihlala ziphikisana. Kunzima ukufumana uphawu oluthile lwezopolitiko "ezinkulu nezimbi, njengoko ilungu elinye loluntu lwehlabathi liyigqala njengoMlawuli othandwayo, kwaye enye yeyona ngxaki yolwazi lomntu.
I-fidegraph ye-fidel i-fedel ichanyiwe ngeminyhadala eyahlukeneyo, wahlangabezana ngaphezu kwe-600 imizamo yobomi bakhe, waba yeyona nto imbi ye-United States, eyayijoyina inyukliya kunye nezoqoqosho kwi-USSR.
Ubuntwana noLutsha
UFidel Destiro wazalwa nge-13 ka-Agasti, ngo-1926 kwisixeko esincinci sephondo eBita kwi-Cuba kwintsapho yomnini-mhlaba omncinci kwaye upheke. Abazali bomlawuli ozayo babengafundanga abantu abangafundanga, ngoko bazama ukunika abantwana babo imfundo efanelekileyo. Ukuthathela ingqalelo inyani yokuba uFidel unenkumbulo enkulu ukusukela ebuntlungwini, waba ngumfundi obalaseleyo wesikolo. Ukongeza kwinqanaba lokufundisa uCastro, onamabhongo kunye nenjongo, ebonisa umsindo oguqukayo. Sele eneminyaka eli-13 ubudala, wayethathe inxaxheba kwimvukelo yabasebenzi esimazisini kayise awayehlala kuzo izikhundla zobunkokeli.
Ngo-1941, iNkokeli yeCuba yeTuba yeCuba ephumelele ngembeko esikolweni kwaye yangena kwikholeji enelungelo, apho wakhunjulwa njengomfundi ongenanto kwaye ethatha inxaxheba kuyo yonke imilo. Emva kokuba uFidel eKholel Dastro waba sisikolo somthetho wecandelo lomthetho kwiYunivesithi yaseHavana. Kwiminyaka yobudala, wayezithanda kakhulu iincwadi zokuguqula, awawugubungela umoya wohlaselo olukuyo. Ngelo xesha, wayenovelwano oluncinci kumaKomanisi, kodwa wayekulungele ukungena kwizikhundla zawo ukuba "ustalin."
Ngo-1950, uFidel Dastill wafumana iDiploma yegqwetha kwaye wavula indlela eyimfihlo, imisebenzi yakhe esekwe kuncedo ekusombululeni imicimbi yezomthetho. I-argastint yekamva yaba ligqwetha elithandwayo kwaye lanika uncedo lwasimahla lwabantu ngaphandle kwenkxaso ebonakalayo eluntwini.
Ezopolitiko
Ukuqala komsebenzi wobuqhetseba kwezopolitiko uFider Rastro unomlinganiswa oguqukayo. Ekuqaleni uba lilungu lepati yabantu base-cuba, kunye nemigca yoko izama ukwahlukana ePalamente. Kodwa inzame yokuqala yayingaphumelelanga - ukugxininiswa kwabantu bakhe ukuba bangavunyelwanga ngenxa yeradicimism. Emva koko ugqitywe ngamanyathelo amaninzi kwaye uba yinkokeli ye-fighters ngoozwilakhe, ngo-1953 ekucwangciseni iyelenqe lokuyila intloko ye-Cubicotio Batista.
Oku kuzama ukuya phezulu kwamandla elizwe kwakhona kuya kulunga, ukusukela, ngenxa yengcembe, uninzi lwemiboniso bhanyabhanya ye-fedel yabulawa, kwaye umvukelo wayesentolongweni iminyaka eli-15.
Kwiminyaka emibini kamva, intloko yexesha elizayo yeCuba yawa phantsi koxolelo ngokubanzi wakhululwa entolongweni awayehlala kuyo iinyanga ezingama-22. Ibanjwa elikhululwe lalishiya ilizwe laza laya eMexico, apho walungelelanisa khona umbutho oguqukayo nge-26 kaJulayi "kwinkumbulo yokuthandana ngokuchasene nebaluli. Uninzi lokuhlalulwa kwelo xesha, njenge-Ernesto Che Guevara kunye nomzalwana kaRaul Destro, bangena kwiindawo zokuhamba.
Ukubuya kukaFidiyol Rastro ukuya kwiLizwe, kwaba yinto eyinqanda njengaye kwaye bonke abantu base-cuban - wakwazi ukubamba i-havina kunye nomkhosi we-troops yaseCuba, kwaye kamva ukuthatha iposti yenkulumbuso yelizwe.
Usihlalo weBhunga likaRhulumente
Phantse iminyaka engama-20, iNtloko yoRhulumente waseCuba Fider Rastro iguqule ngokupheleleyo ilizwe - ilizwe leza kuchuma kwaye lasinda kwindawo engazange ibonwe kuqoqosho. Intloko entsha yeCuba kwi-syer yentlalo ithathelwa ingqalelo, ithathela ingqalelo amayeza aMahala lwabemi kwaye inyuse inqanaba lemfundo kwi-98%. Kwangelo xesha, iSizwe seeNkampani zaBucala yaqhutywa kunye "nobuhlobo" kunye ne-USSR yaqala.
Ngo-1962, imijuku yenyukliya yaseSoviet yathunyelwa kwesi siqithi, enobudlelwane obufunekayo phakathi kweUnited States neCuba. Intiyo kunye ne-West ithenge imbakisi yeCaribbean kwisiqithi, ngenxa yokuba uninzi lwabantu osebenza nabo baphelelwe lilizwe kwaye baba licala lamaMelika. Ngaphandle koku, isahluko se-cuban saqhubeka nokwenza isenzo sokubhukuqa ubungxowa-mali sehlabathi, ukuxhasa intshukumo yoguquko lwangaphandle eAngola, e-Ethiapia, Libya nakwamanye amazwe kwihlabathi lesithathu.
Ukukhula koqoqosho kunye nokuzinza eCuba kwakumisile ekuqaleni kweminyaka yee-80, xa i-USSR yeka ukubonelela ngenkxaso yemali kwilizwe. Oku kukhokelele kwingxaki yezoqoqosho, ngenxa yokuba iCuba yaba lelona lizwe lihlwempuzekileyo emhlabeni. Ngokuchasene nemvelaphi yale nto, abantu baqala ukuzama ukushiya ilizwe labo nangayiphi na indlela eUnited States, nakwiinkcaso ye-cuba yaqalisa ukulungiselela intshukumo yolawulo lwe-castro.
Ngo-2006, kwimo yezempilo, inkokeli ye-cuban yanyanzeleka ukuba idlulisele igunya kumzalwana ongu-24 ka-2008 waba ngumlawuli opheleleyo waseCuba, njengoko uFidel Dastro wayekwazi ukulawula ilizwe kwaye akhokele umkhosi wama-cuba ngaphezulu .
Isiqinisekiso kunye neMpilo
Imizamo yobomi bukaFidel Dostro yeyona nto ixoxiweyo yentloko yakhe yebhayiloji yakhe. Kukho ulwazi ngexesha leBhodi yeCuba kunye nentsebenziswano ne-USSR, i-American CIA yenze malunga neenzame ezingama-600 zokutshabalalisa isahluko sama-cuban. Zonke izizathu ezingaziwayo ngexesha lokugqibela ziye zarhoxiswa kwaye zacaciswa ngokupheleleyo ziizodwa zesiqithi. UCastro uzame ukubulala ngexesha lokuzingela ngaphantsi kwamanzi, ukudubula ngepistol encinci eyakhiwe kwigumbi lentatheli kwaye ityhefu ityhefu ebulalayo ukuba i-cigars ichukumisekile.
Ngo-2006, impilo kaFidel ye-fidel iwohlokile kakhulu yawa kudidi lweemfihlo zikarhulumente zePeninsula. Ngaphandle koku, ezinye zezifo zenkokeli yeCuba yaba luluntu kwaye yafumana uluntu emva kokuxela enye yeengxelo ze-cia yaseMelika.
Kuyaziwa ukuba ukusukela ngo-1998, uCastro waqalisa ukubandezeleka kwisifo sikaPakinson, esenza ukuba ibe yiparanoid iqaqanjelwe zonke izilwanyana zasekhaya. Kwakhona wasinda eCuba, ugqirha walapha wathi kwezopolitiko wayegula ngumhlaza we-rectum kwaye emva kowe-1989 wayeqhutywa ngenxa ye-hemorrhage kwingqondo. Ngokuchasene nemvelaphi yedatha enjalo ye-cuban edumileyo i-Cuban, "ingcwatywe" kumajelo eendaba izihlandlo ezininzi, kodwa wayehlala evele esidlangalaleni kwaye eguqula amarhe abume ngequbuliso.
Ngo-2014, iNtloko yenkonzo yaseRussia waseRussia Lav'ey Lavrov yadibana noFidel Dostro. Emva kwentlanganiso nenkokeli ye-cuban, umlungiseleli waseRussia wathi ngokuqinisekileyo ubuthathaka, kodwa amehlo akhe abususe ubomi bakhe kunye nokulungela impumelelo entsha.
Ubomi Buqu
Umoya wobuqu uFidel Rastro, njengempilo yakhe, sisihloko esivaliweyo kunye nemfihlo eluntwini. Kuyaziwa ukuba ebomini bakhe kukho abafazi abathathu abasithandayo abamnike abantwana abasixhenxe kuphela olwamzali omnye kuphela. Umfazi wokuqala kaFidel Dostro mirta Diaz Gilart wayeyintombi yoMphathiswa woRhulumente waseCubatista. Wazala isahluko se-cuban sokuphela kwendlalili esisemthethweni sikaFidelito, owayetshatile umfazi waseRussia ngaxeshanye.
Umfazi wesibini uFidel Rastro waba yintsomi yaseHavana ye-50s ye-Nativ, eyamnika intombi ka-Alina. Intombazana yentombazana ye-cuban isesebutsheni bakhe phantsi kwePasi yePaspoti yaseSpain yasala eCuba e-USA. Ngokweenkumbulo zika-Alina, i-Callro, ukongeza kubantwana abahlanu ubuncinci ababele umfazi osithandayo igama le-Deliv Soto. Inkosikazi yesithathu ye-Seali ye-Seali ye-Sealia Sanchez, iminyaka emininzi yayingumncedisi kaFestusro, kodwa ngo-1985 wazibulala.
Ukufa
Imeko kaFidel Kanathro ye-2005 yafikelela kwi- $ 550 yezigidi, kwaye ngonyaka phantse wanda kwibhiliyoni. Kule meko, ngokwenguqulo yemagazini ye-forbes, waba ngoyena mntu uphambili weplanethi. Kwangelo xesha, umlawuli we-Cuba ngokwakhe wakhanyisa ingeniso yawo kumashishini aphantsi korhulumente, kodwa uyathanda kakhulu, njengoko kubonisiwe iintlungu, njengoko ungqinelwa ngamawaka ayo, indawo yokuhlala kunye nokhuseleko lwamawaka. Izopolitiko ezigqithileyo ayiziniki abantwana babo ngononophelo olukhethekileyo- konke ukutya okhethiweyo kukutya kunye nokukhusela.
Ku-22.29 ngo-NOVEMBA 25, 2016 (06.29 Moscow kwixesha le-Moses 26) UFidel Rastro wasweleka. Uhlaziyo lweCuba luphume emva kokugula ixesha elide. Emva kokufa, umzimba waseFondel Destroted, ngokokuthanda kwakhe.