Biography
Mnumzana uCharles Sperncer Psplin, owaziwa ngokuba nguCharlie Chaplin, wazalwa ngoAprili 1889. Kusapho lomculo weHolo yeHolo yeHolo yeHolo, wayengumntwana wokuqala. Phambi komtshato noTata kaCharlie - Charles Spencer Chaplin - uHana wazala unyana wakhe wokuqala uSydney Hill. Utata wakhe wayeluhlobo lwamaJuda amaJuda. Kodwa emva komtshato, uSydney Hill, njengo Mzalwana omnye uCharlie, enegama elithi igama.
Ubuntwana bhetyelwanasana noCharlie kunye necala lomzalwana wakhe bonwabile. Utata wayethandwa kakhulu. Uye wayifumana i-baritone ethandekayo, yamenywa rhoqo kwi-London Music Holl Hored i-Europe. Kodwa kungekudala ingxaki ngotywala yayikhe yakhula ngaphambili, kwaye umdala oneminyaka engama-37 ubudala wasweleka kwesinye sezibhedlele zaseLondon.
Umhlolokazi uMama uCharlie waqhubeka esenza kwiholo yomculo, kodwa waqala ukuba nengxaki ngeLarynx. Nje ukuba uCharlie oneminyaka emihlanu ubudala oneminyaka engama-5 ubudala, owayehlala ethatha umama, kwafuneka athathe indawo kamama. Xa wayengakwazi ukuxhathisa ingoma yakhe, inkwenkwe ethe ngqo yaya kwinqanaba kwaye yaqala ukuzicula.
Ababukeli ababiyisiwe bayiphosa ngemali kunye namatyala amancinci. UCharles, uphosa icule, phantsi kokuhleka kwemali yaseburhulumenteni kwaye emva koko ndibheja. Mhlawumbi, emva koko i-boografiy yendalo yaseCharlie yaqala.
Ke ubuntwana bakhe baphela. UHana akasakwazi ukwenziwa. Kwaye kungekudala, xa inkwenkwana yaqala iminyaka eyi-7, umama waphulukana nengqondo, kwaye wabekwa kwisibhedlele sengqondo. UCharlie kunye nee-LED zawa kwikhaya leenkedama. Kwiminyaka eyi-9, uCharlie Chaplin wamkelwa kwiqela lomdaniso "amashumi asibhozo e-lanchesir". Kulapha apho waqala wabeka abaphulaphuli, ebonisa ikati kwiKrisimesi yeKrisimesi ngo-1900.
Kodwa ngonyaka, uCharlie washiya iqela. Kwakufuneka aphile kwaye angenalo ixesha lokwenza nokuya esikolweni. UCharlie Chaplin wasebenza kuyo yonke indawo awayethatyathwe kuyo. Wathengisa iphephandaba, wancedisa esibhedlele umvavanyi wezonyango, wasebenza kwiNdlu yokushicilela.
Kwiminyaka eli-14 ubudala, iphupha likaPislin lazaliseka: UCharlie wamkelwe umsebenzi osisigxina kwindawo yethiyetha kwaye wafumana indima yomthunywa ekuqulunqweni kweSherlock Holmes. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba umntu okwishumi elivisayo akafundanga. Ngenxa yoko, umzalwana wakhokela wanceda ukufunda indima.
Iifilimu
Ngo-1908, oneminyaka eli-19 ubudala oneminyaka eli-19 ubudala wamkelwa kwi-Fredno Theatre, apho imizobo yeeholo zomculo zesiNgesi zazilungiselela. Kungekudala, lo mfana uba ngumdlali ophambili wemidlalo emininzi. Emva kweminyaka emi-2, i-Carno Carupe ihambahamba eMelika. Emva koko uCharlie Chaplin wagqiba kwelokuba aqhubeke eUnited States.
Nje ukuba intsebenzo ye-upslin yabona iMac Sennet. Ifilimu yaseMelika iChile kakhulu njengomdlalo owamema umculi ukuba asebenze kwiStudio yakhe. NgoSeptemba 1913, uCharlie Chaplin waqukumbela isivumelwano neKistoun. I-studio ifakwe ukuba ihlawule iidola ezili-150 ukhalaza ngeveki.
Ekuqaleni, izinto zazingalunganga kakhulu. I-Sennet ide ifune ukugxotha uCharlie Chaplin, esijonga isigqibo sakhe sokumthatha ukuba asebenze nokwanda. Kodwa emva konyaka, umntu ongumNgesi uba ngumdlali ophambili. Ababukeli lifana neqhawe le rade lentetho ye-mayintnet. Kodwa igcisa elingaphezulu, bayathanda xa ebuyayo kumfanekiso owenziwe yi-Senet. Xa i-chaslin, idlala i-CZE ye-cenza ye-seznet (okanye i-chaise) yenza umdlalo ngakumbi ubuntu kunye nemiyori, abaphulaphuli badibana ngokufudumeleyo ngegorha.
Nje ukuba iSenannet yabuza uCharlie Chaplin ngandlela thile ngendlela entsha yokufumana umfanekiso we-Hidy "wabantwana bemoto yabantwana". Ke umculi, weza nomfanekiso wakhe omtsha, oqhelene nabo kubo sonke. Le yibhulukhwe ebanzi, ijacket emxinwa kakhulu (ikhadi leshishini), isifo esincinci, izihlangu ezinkulu, ezinxibelele kuloo mlenze, kunye ne-mumeoche.
Ke umfanekiso womfanekiso omncinci wazalwa. Ixesha elingaphezulu, umqolomba, wabona uCharlie kwenye yeefoto zikatata, wongezwa kule meko yonke inkangeleko. I-Tramp ngoko nangoko iba yiMegapopular. Kodwa xa uCharlia Chaplin uzuze impumelelo, uqala ukuqonda ukuba inokuba ngumfundisi-ncwadi ophumelelayo ngakumbi nomphathi kunabo balawulayo.
Ngo-1914, ifilimu yokuqala ye-uphel ebizwa ngokuba "igqunywe yimvula" yavela. Apha uCharles akazange athethe nje kuphela njengomlingisi, kodwa okokuqala njengomlawuli kunye nowokwolisi. Ngokungafaniyo nesitudiyo seTyystone, apho amagqabi ePhezulu, iStudio "ifilimu" ihlawula umculi kwi-1250 yeedola ngeveki neli-10 kwikhontrakthi.
Ngo-1916-17, ifilimu yase-Inouweli ihlawula umsebenzi woMkhweli waba ngcono: amawaka ali-10 eedola ngeveki neli-150 lamawaka kwikhontrakthi. Ngo-1917, uCharlie Chaplin watyikitya isivumelwano kunye ne-study nyun "yezigidi ezili-1 zeedola kwaye waba ngowona mlinganiso wexesha lakhe.
Ngo-1919, i-Isupllin ibonakala ibonisa eyakhe ifilimu "amagcisa amanyeneyo". Okwesi studio, uCharles Chaplin wasebenza ngaphambi kokuqala kweminyaka yee-1950, xa wayenyanzelwa ukuba ahambe iMelika ngonaphakade. Ezona ntlungu zithandwayo, zasusa uCharlie Chaplists kwi-Unist Artists, yayiziimbambo ezigcweleyo "IParisanka", "iFolden Fever", "amaxesha amatsha" kunye "namaxesha amatsha".
Ukupeyinta "Parisanka" abaphulaphuli bapholalwa. Eli lidayi yengqondo apho i-challin ivele njengekameo. Umkhwa wokubona umfanekiso othandwayo wetramp encinci yenziwa.
Kodwa abagxeki baxabisa kakhulu umsebenzi omtsha kaCharlie Chaplin, eqonda italente yombhali emva kwakhe. "Umkhuhlane wegolide" kunye "nesekethe", epapashwe ephakathi kwi-1920s, eyamkelwa ngokufudumeleyo kwaye ethathelwa ingqalelo iiklasikhi ze-cinema.
Xa iGushlin ifika kwi-Intenon yeLondon nge-1920s, emva koko i-paris, kukho izihlwele ezinkulu zabalandeli. Okwesibini, ukumka kweYurophu kwenzeka nge-1930s. UCharlie Chaplin wazisa iitephu zakhe ezintsha "izibane zesixeko esikhulu" kunye "namaxesha amatsha".
Intshutshiso
I-charlie chasut yengxowa yesandi semovie eyenzekile nge-1940. Yayingumfanekiso we-Antihygler "Atyato omkhulu". Ukongeza, yayiyiteyiphu yokugqibela apho i-chaplin ivele kumfanekiso wetramp. Ngokukhuphela lo mfanekiso iqala ukutshutshiswa kwengutshutshiso. Utyholwa ngokuchasene nemisebenzi yaseMelika kunye nokuzibophelela kwimibono yobuKomanisi. I-Edgar Hooker, intloko ye-FBI yaseMelika, isebenza ngokuqokelelwa kwe-vessier ye-challin, yaqala nge-1930s.
I-Peak ye-Peait yafika ngeminyaka yee-1940, xa uCharlie Chaplin wasusa ifilimu yakhe "Monsoe Verda". Wavalwa ukuvalwa. Umculi waqala ukunkcenkceshela ukulalanisa. Bayamngcikiva iNgcali kuyo yonke into: kwimbumbulu kwilizwe elikhuselekileyo (umlingisi akazange amkele ubumi sibemi), kwinto yokuba ungumKomanisi ofihlakeleyo kunye nomYuda. Bawela kubomi bomntu, batsala kumphezulu wempahla emdaka engcolileyo. Nangona kunjalo, umfanekiso we-verda weverda watyunjwa kwi-oscar yeyona meko ilungileyo.
Kuyenzeka ukuba ukuqhubekise umculi ukusuka eMelika ngo-1952, xa i-Istulin yaya eLondon kwi-Premiere kwi-Premiere yepeyinti yepeyinti yakhe " I-gooover ifezekisiwe kwiinkonzo zokufudukela kwelinye ilizwe ukuvalwa komculi eUnited States. UCharlie Chaplin uzinze kwiVeland yeSixeko saseSwitzerland. Ukulingela ukuba kunokugxothwa kweli lizwe, uCharlie ushiya amandla egqwetha kuyo yonke impahla neqabane. Kwaye yena, athengisa yonke into, ihamba nabantwana eSwitzerland.
Iminyaka edlulileyo kunye nokufa
ESwitzerland, uCharlie Chaplin uyaqhubeka nokudala. Ubhale umculo kwezinye zeefilimu zakhe ezithuleyo. Wavakalisa "umkhuhlane wegolide". Ngo-1948, ibali le "ramp" liphuma phantsi kwepeni yomculi, eyayisisiseko sekhasethi yezibane zaseRampie. Ngo-1954, i-chaslin inikezelwa kwibhaso loxolo lweHlabathi. Kwaye ngo-1957, uCharlie Chaplin wefilimu "uKumkani eNew York" uphume, apho umdlali weqonga wayizalisekisa eyona ndima iphambili.
Emva kweminyaka esi-7, uMamy omkhulu wapapashwa ziimemo, ezazisisiseko somfanekiso webhayoloji "I-SUPLIIN", ethi abaphulaphuli ababoniswa ngo-1992. Ifilimu yokugqibela yomculi "Ukunxibelelana ukusuka eHong Kong" wathunyelwa ngo-1967. Ukutyelela i-US, uCharlie Chaplin walawulwa ngo-1972. Wanikwa i-visa emfutshane ukufika kumsitho weOscar. Yayiyi-starupette yesibini efunyenwe nguCharlie. Emva kweminyaka emi-3, ukumkanikazi waseBritane omkhulu waseBritane Elizabeth II ongenza i-chaplin kwi-knights.
UCharlie Chaplin akazange asebenze nge-25 kaDisemba ngo-1977. Wahamba ephupheni. Wangcwatyelwa ngumculi kumangcwaba kwi-veve. Kodwa ngo-Matshi 1978, emva kokubamba ibhokisi, ngenjongo yokubuyiswa, uthuli lwakhe lwalukhuphela kwenye iSixeko saseSwitzerland - i-korc-fur-vound, i-Bay yebhola yekhonkco yekhonkrithi yekhonkco.
Ubomi Buqu
Ubomi bobuqu baseCharlie i-4 umtshato kunye nabantwana abayi-12 (enye yazo iiveriki zoviwo olungevayo). I-Actor yeqabane lokuqala yayingu-Mildred Harris. Ngokudibeneyo, abadlali baphila iminyaka emi-2 kuphela. I-Norman yabo i-Norman yafa phantse kwangoko emva kokuzalwa. Ndikunye nomfazi wesibini, iMita Grey iphila iminyaka emi-4.
Ukutshata iminyaka eli-16 ubudala, uCharlie wayefanele amse eMexico, apho umtshato wabhaliswa khona. Kule manyano, oonyana bakaCharles Chaplin (JR.) noSydney Earl Chaplin bazalwa. Ngexesha lenkqubo yomtshato, umzobi wahlawula imali enkulu njengexabiso lemali: ngokoqikelelo ezahlukeneyo ukusuka kwi-700 ukuya kwi-850 yamawaka eedola.
Ndikunye nomfazi wesithathu, inqwelomoya, i-provist chasplan yaphila ukusuka ngo-1932 ukuya kwi-1940s. Emva koqhawulo-mtshato kwaye ukufudukela eSwitzerland, inqwelomoya yayitshatile noMbhali-Eriia Maria Dririk. Iqabane lesine lomculi waseBritane akahlali. Umtshato wabo wenzeka ngo-1943. Inamyeni omncinci kangangeminyaka engama-36. Bebonke baphila de kwakufa kwada. Kule mtshato, oonyana abathathu bazalelwa iintombi ezi-5. Umntwana wokugqibela wazalwa xa uYeki wajika iminyaka engama-72.
I-filmography
- Umdyarho weemoto zabantwana
- Imvula ye-Cape
- Parilian
- I-Goldn Fever
- Izibane zesixeko esikhulu
- Amaxesha amatsha
- Uxinano olukhulu
- Moniyeli verda
- Izibane ze-ramp
- Inkosi eNew York
- Ibala le-hong kong