Biography
U-Ivan Andreevich Krylov wazalwa ngoFebruwari 1769 eMoscow, kwintsapho yamagosa omkhosi ohluphekayo. Ukubonisa ubugorha kunye nenkalipho ngexesha lamandla e-pugichev bunt, u-Andrei Krylov akazange afumane nawaphi na amabhaso neempawu. Emva komhlala-phantsi, wangena kwinkonzo yaseburhulumenteni, wahamba nomfazi wakhe, noonyana abathathu eTver. Isikhundla sikasihlalo somantyi asizange singenise umvuzo obonakalayo, usapho lwaluhlala kubuhlwempu. Amaphiko amakhulu afa ngo-1778 kwisikhundla somphathi. Ubomi babahlolokazi kunye nabantwana (unyana omncinci kaIvin wazaliseka kuphela iminyaka eli-9 ubudala) yaba ziipares.
U-Ivan Andreevich Krylov wayengenalo ithuba lokufumana imfundo elungileyo. KuYise, wamkela uthando olukhulu ngokufunda, ukuba lifumene ilifa kuphela isifuba esikhulu esineencwadi. I-Hoistict Suinter enesibindi yavumela i-Ivan ukuba aye kwizifundo zolwimi lwesiFrentshi, ezinikwa abantwana babo. Ngenxa yoko, uIvan Krylov wayenomdla wokufunda.
Ikamva le-bainasta laqalisa ukusebenza kwangoko kwaye lalusazi ubukrelekrele bobomi kwintlupheko. Emva kokusweleka kukaTata ivana, bathabatha i-gonlyrist kuMantyi yePhondo yeTV, apho amaphiko aphezulu asebenza ngaphambili. Umxholo ohlanganisiweyo wavumela ukuba angafa yindlala. Emva kweminyaka emi-5, umama kaIvan Krylova, ebambe abantwana, waya eSot Petersburg ukuba akhathazeke ngepenshoni kunye nolungiselelo lonyana omkhulu ukuba asebenze. U-Ivan Krylov wafumana indawo entsha ngokuseka isicaka esiqhelekileyo kwigumbi laseburhulumenteni.
Amaphiko amancinci, ngaphandle kokufumana nayiphi na imfundo, eqhubekayo kwimfundo. Wafunda kakhulu, wafunda ukudlala izixhobo ezahlukeneyo. Kwiminyaka eli-15 ubudala, uIvan wade wabhala i-opera encinci ye-comic, echaza ijenali yakhe kwaye ebiza ubusuku bekofu. " Yayingowakhe yokuqala, nangona ingaphumelelanga, kodwa isasaza phantsi koncwadi. Ulwimi lokubhala lwalusisityebi kakhulu, zithini amaphiko ukuba zityhafe uthando lwazo phakathi kwabantu abalula kwiibokhwe kunye nobisi olwahlukileyo lubonwabisa. "Enkosi" Intlupheko, u-Ivan Adorevich wayeqhelene ngokugqibeleleyo nobomi kunye namandongomane abantu abaqhelekileyo, okwenzeka kwixesha elizayo.
Indalo
I-Ivan Andloreevich krylov kwiSt. Petersburg Coyinte ngqo ngembonakalo kwiSixeko semidlalo yaseburhulumenteni. Umfana owolula awathunyelwa kwangoko watyelela iholo leyo ivuliwe. Apho wadibana namagcisa kunye nee-ofisi ze-ofisini babehlala kwizilangazelelo zale tempile zobugcisa. Yayifuna kakhulu umsebenzi kwinkonzo yaseburhulumenteni amatsha, amaphiko azange afune, bonke abanomdla kuzo bakhokelwa ngokupheleleyo kwelinye icala. Ke ngoko, umfana oneminyaka eli-18 ubudala warhoxa kwaye wathatha imisebenzi yoncwadi.
Ekuqaleni wayengaphumelelanga. U-Ivan Krylov wabhala i-filomela intle, ukuxelisa iklasikhi. Kwakukho iingcinga zetalente kwaye zikufumene ukuqalwa kombhali, kodwa ngokwendlela yokubhaliweyo "nguPhilomel" yayingumsebenzi ophakathi. Kodwa umbhali oselula wayengazukuyeka.
Kwakukho amaxheli aliqela kwintlekele. "Usapho lwentsapho", "umbhali" kwiNdlu yeNdlu "yeNdlu" yeNdlu "yeNdlu" yeNdlu "yaye ezinye azizange zibethe abafundi kunye nabagxeki ngokupha. Kodwa ukukhula kwezakhono kuthelekiswa ne "Filomela" kwakusabonakala.
Iintsomi zokuqala ze-Ivan andreevich krylov zazishicilelwe ngaphandle kokutyikitywa. Babonakala kwimagazini "ekuseni babukele" ngo-1788. Imisebenzi emithathu, ebizwa ngokuba "ngumdlali ohlonitshwayo", "isiphelo sabadlali", "I-Dete yabadlali" yayingafunyanwanga ngabafundi kwaye ayifumananga samkelwe. Babenomthunzi omninzi, ukungakhathali, kodwa hayi ubuchule.
Ngo-1789, uIvan Krylov, kunye neRacmanin, iqala ukupapasha imagazini "yemeyile yomoya". Ufuna ukuvuselela i-satire eyomeleleyo ukuba iimagazini zeHovikov ngaphambili. Kodwa impapasho ayiphumelelanga kwaye kwalo nyaka iyeka indlela yokuphuma. Kodwa ayiyeki krylov. Emva kweminyaka emi-3, kudala enye imagazini ngeqela labantu abathandanayo, bembiza ngokuba "ngumbonisi". Kunyaka kamva, ijenali yeSt. Petersburg ivela. Kwezi ntlobo zeKrylov zaprintwa, okuqaqanjiweyo ze-kaig "kunye nesibindi sikatat'omkhulu", ukubamba umnini-mhlaba, unesibindi.
Ayaziwa ukuba yayingunobangela wokumka kwexeshana uIvan Krylov kwimisebenzi yoncwadi, kwaye kutheni emkile e-St. Petersburg. Mhlawumbi, abanye ingcinezelo yabasemagunyeni baqala, kwaye mhlawumbi ukungasebenzi koncwadi kutyhalele umbhali ukuba ashiye isixeko, kodwa ngaphambi kwe-1806 amaphiko aphantse ayeke i-hehe. Ngo-1806, amaphiko abuyela kwimisebenzi esebenzayo yokubhala.
Ubhala endaweni yokuguqulelwa ngetalente yesiseko se-lafonna "Oak kunye ne-Cane", "ukhetha umtshakazi" kunye "nendoda endala nabantu abathathu abancinci." Inguqulelo enesigqibo seNgxelo yeHlabathi ye-Ivan DMITRIETEAVERAVA Iphepha leMagazini yeMagazini "Moscow". Kwi-1806, ivan krylov ibuyele eSt. Petersburg kwaye ibeka "ivenkile yefashoni". Kunyaka olandelayo, enye ngaphezulu - "iintombi ezizezinye". Umbutho, ngokunxulumene neemfazwe zeNapolenic, oye wavela ukunyuka kweemvakalelo ze-patriotic, dibana nemveliso ngenzondelelo enkulu. Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, isiFrentshi siyagculelwa.
Ngo-1809, i-tooff yokwenyani ye-Ivan Krylova iqala. Ushicilelo lokuqala lwe-bassen yakhe, equka imisebenzi engama-23 (kubandakanya indlovu ewaziwayo "), iyonwabela inyani enkulu. Ukusukela ngoko, amaphiko abe nguyesi odumileyo, imisebenzi yakhe emitsha ijonge phambili eluntwini. U-Ivan Adoreevich ubuya kwinkonzo yoluntu. Ekuqaleni, ungena kwisithuba esibonakalayo kwisebe elibonakalayo, kwaye emva kweminyaka emi-2-kwithala leencwadi loluntu, apho asebenze khona ngomhla we-1812 ukuya kwi-1841.
Ngeli xesha, amaphiko kwaye atshintshiwe ngaphakathi. Ngoku uyandikhathaza kwaye athintelwe. Akuthandi ukuxabana, ukuthoba kakhulu, i-ironic kunye nelivila ngakumbi. Ukususela ngo-1836, uIvan Krylov ayinanto yabhalwa. Ngo-1838, uluntu ngokubhala luyayihlonipha ixesha lama-50 leminyaka yobudala yendalo ye-basinasta. Umbhali wasweleka ngoNovemba 1844.
Ukusuka phantsi kwentsiba ye-Ivan Andreevich krylova, ngaphezulu kwe-200 bassen baphuma. Kwezinye, wakhala inyani yaseRussia, kwabanye - iziphene zabantu, abanye bangama-Anecdotes. Uninzi lwee-vallery valve ngokuhamba kwexesha zingena kwintetho ethethayo kwaye inesiratshi. Iintsomi zakhe zibantu kakhulu kwaye zihlala ziqondwa. Balumkile kwaphela, kwaye kungekuphela kwi-nentelligia efundisiweyo. Ngexesha lobomi bombhali, phantse kwamawaka angama-80 amawaka eekopi zengqokelela ye-Basen epapashiweyo. Ngelo xesha, into engazange ibonwe ngaphambili. Ukuthandwa kukaIvan Andreevich krylova kunokuthelekiswa nokuthandwa kwexesha lobomi be-puckkin kunye ne-gogol.
Ubomi Buqu
Malunga nokusasazwa, ukungakhathali kunye nokutya okumangalisayo kuka-Ivan Krylov uhambe iintsomi kwaye kukho i-anecdotes. Kwakungasemoyeni wakhe ukubeka i-cap yasebusuku epokothweni yakhe endaweni ye-harkechichi, yikhupha ngexesha lokuhlala kwakhe eluntwini kwaye kungabalulekanga. U-Ivan Andreevich ngokungakhathali ngokupheleleyo kwinkangeleko yakhe. Kubonakala ngathi umntu onjalo akanakusebenzisa ingqalelo yamanenekazi. Nangona kunjalo, ulwazi lwabantu ababephila ngexesha lakhe, olwaphikisa ukuba ubomi bobuqu i-Ivan kurlov bugcinwe, nangona yayingenalogogo, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo yayingabikho.
Ngowama-22, wayeyithanda intombi yombingeleli waseBryanok gona. Intombazana yaphendula kuye. Kodwa xa abantu abancinci bagqiba kwelokuba batshatele, i-andnes zomthonyama ichasile lo mtshato. Babenolwalamano olude noLorson -tov kwaye, ngaphezulu, bayahambelana. Ke ngoko, bayala ukutshata intombi yemvano-siphelo. Kodwa uAna uye wahamba wabazali ekugqibeleni wavuma ukutshata uIvan Krylov, ababene-telegrapha eyafudukela kwi-St. Kodwa amaphiko aphendula athi akanamali yokuza eBlamani, acele ukuba asondeze uAna. Amantombazana emveli akhutyekiswa yimpendulo, kwaye umtshato awukazenzeke.
Abantu ababephila ngexesha likaIvan Krylova babhala ukuba amanenekazi adumileyo ayengakhathali kwi-basinow evuthayo kunye ne-bambenew. Kwacingelwa ukuba bathanda kakhulu ngu-Ballerlina, owayenomxholo we-Grand Doke Konstantin Pavlovich. Kodwa i-basinasta iphoswe ukuba ibingafanelekanga emtshatweni. Batsho ukuba i-vress yaseMaria Fedorovna yayinemfesane kakhulu kwindoda etyebileyo enomtsalane. Kwaye oku ngaphandle kwento yokuba u-Ivan Adorevich u-Dered ukuze avele phambi kwakhe kwi-Holey Bloot, awayenamathela kuyo umnwe wakhe, kwaye wancuma xa ndisanda ingalo ye-vres.
U-Ivan Krylov akazange atshate. Ngokusemthethweni, akanabantwana. Kodwa abantu ababephila ngexesha labahlali abaphikisana ukuba i-Ivan Andrereevich yayisaqala umfazi waseburhulumenteni. Yayiyintsimi yakhe yendlu. Ayikwazanga ukutshata amaphiko ayo, njengokuba uMbutho uza kuyigweba. Nangona kunjalo, i-fenia yazala intombazana uSasha, ethathwa njengeyona ntombazana yaseKrylov. Inyaniso yokuba oku kunokuba yinyani, utsho into yokuba emva kokusweleka kukaFeya Sashasha sahlala eKrylov. Kwaye emva komtshato wakhe, amaphiko avuya ngobuqili abantwana bakhe kwaye aphindaphinde yonke impahla yakhe ebhekiswe kumyeni wakhe uAlexandra. Ngexesha lokufa kukaIvan Krylov, ibhedi yakhe yayinguSasha, umyeni wakhe kunye nabantwana bobabini.
I-BASNI.
- I-dragonfly kunye nembovane
- I-Swan, umhlaza kunye nepike
- I-crow kunye nempungutye
- I-Wolf kunye neMvack.
- Marty kunye neglasi
- Ngekota
- Ihagu phantsi kwe-oki
- Deyanova eha
- Amashiti kunye neengcambu
- Ukuqhubeka komtshakazi