Biography
UStanley Kubrick ngumlawuli waseMelika owaziwayo, umgcini-screen, umvelisi kunye nenye yezona mpembelelo ze-XX. Iimpawu zefilimu zakhe zicwangcise izicwangciso ezithile ezinkulu, i-pan engaqhelekanga, ukusetyenziswa okungathethekiyo komculo weklasikhi.
I-biography yendalo yomlawuli ibandakanya ukupeyinta ezili-16 ezigqityiweyo, uninzi lwayofumene inqanaba lehlelo. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba kwifilimu nganye, i-Stanley Kubrick yathetha ngokukhawuleza kumsebenzi, odibanisa umsebenzi womlawuli, umvelisi, imeko, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha umqhubi.
UStanley Kubrick wazalelwa eNew York ngehlobo lowe-1928. Ookhokho bakhe ngamaYuda avela kuBukhosi base-Austro-Hungary. Utata kaYakobi uBubrick wayevela kwiMpuma yeMpuma ye-Galicia, wayengugqirha wotyando. Umama wabiza iGertrud Primer, ivela eBukovina, yayingumfazi wendlu. UStanley wakhulela kwi bronx. Ii-klipk yayingengakholelwa, ngaphandle kwento yokuba uGertrud noYakobi batshata ngamasiko amaJuda. Utata wafundisa oonyana bakhe ukuba badlale i-chess xa wayeneminyaka elishumi elinambini ubudala, kwaye ukususela ngelo xesha uStanley waphantse waxakeka ngumdlalo.
Njengomfundi weeklasi eziphezulu, waba nomculo kwaye wade waphupha ngokuba ngumculi wejazz. Umama notata wamnika inkululeko, uStanley wayesoloko esenza oko wayenomdla.
Ukususela ngo-1941 ukuya ku-1945, i-quinematographed yexesha elizayo yafunda kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo. UWilliam Howd Taffeta. Esikolweni, wayekufunda kakuhle, ngoko emva kokuphumelela, wasilela ukuya ekholejini. Utsho ukuba akanamdla esikolweni esikolweni. Ngo-1946, ku-Kuburick waqalisa ukutyelela iiklasi zangokuhlwa kwiKholeji yeNdawo, kodwa kungekudala bayiphosile kwaye waqalisa ukufuna umsebenzi. Ngo-1946, jonga kwi-phephe bayithatha ukuba basebenze ngumfoti, Kungekudala waba yimagazini yomfoto eqhelekileyo. Ngenxa yomsebenzi, uStenley wajikeleza ilizwe liphela. Uhambo oluhamba kuye ngolwazi. Kwakhona, umfana wasebenza, edlala i-chess kwiiklabhu ezahlukeneyo yaseManhattan.
Iifilimu
Ikhondo lomsebenzi kwi-cinematography stanley kubrick yaqala ngo-1951. Ekuqaleni wasusa imali. Ifilimu yakhe yokuqala yayiyincwadi emfutshane yefilimu "Umlo wokulwa" malunga nebhokisi yebhokisi ye-Wallter. Umsebenzi wawuphumelele, kwaye i-kubrick yaqalisa ukudubula amaxwebhu ambalwa. Imizobo elandelayo yayiyi "padre padre" "kunye" nomkhweli wolwandle ".
Ngo-1953, wakhulula ifilimu yokuqala yobugcisa "uloyiko kunye nomnqweno." Le filimu iye yaba ngumsebenzi owaziwayo owaziwayo nguMlawuli, kwaye i-Kubrick yabiza umfanekiso we-clumy kunye ne-amateur.
Ngo-1955, ifilimu ethi "Ifilimu Disler" yeza kwizikrini, ezo zigxeki zazixabiseke ngokuqinisekileyo.
Nangona kunjalo, impumelelo yeza eKbrit emva kokukhululwa kwedrama "(1957) ngeKirk Douglas kwindima ekhokelayo. Ifilimu ichaza malunga neziganeko zemfazwe yehlabathi yokuqala yaxabana, yaye yayinqabile ukuba ibonise eFransi.
Ngo-1960, i-Kirk Douglas Actor, owayengumvelisi olawulayo wefilimu ye-Partak, ememeze uStanley waya kwindawo yomlawuli ogxothiweyo, enethemba lokuba amancinci athobela ngakumbi. Kodwa uKrubrick wathatha indawo yomdlali weqonga, wenza indima enkulu, wayisusa ifilimu njengoko wayefuna. Ireyitha itheyipu ifumene amabhaso ama-4 eOscar.
Elowolandelayo waba nguMelodrama "Lolita" (1962) ngegama elifanayo lenoveli ye-nabokov. I-kinokista yayingumtyunjwa wamabhaso asixhenxe.
UStanley Kubritt wayethanda ukudubula iikhakati kwiincwadi ezihlangeneyo kunye noncwadi olunempikiswano. Ifilimu elandelayo yomlawuli yaba ngu-Anti-yeMiltist Gordy "uGqirha Strajnzhlav, okanye indlela endiye ndayeka woyika kwaye ndiyithanda" isekwe "nguPeter George. Ifilimu ihlekisa ngokucacileyo iinkqubo zomkhosi wase-US.
Ubuqaqawuli behlabathi balinda uStanley Kubrick emva "indawo ye-Odyssea 2001", efumene imbasa ye-odyssea eyi-Odystar njengefilimu eneziphumo ezizodwa. Ngokutsho koluvo lwangoku, umfanekiso we-orenji "ye-orenji ye-orenji" (1971), ifakwe kwinoveli e-Anthony Borjels ibizwa igama elifanayo. Ifilimu yavalwa e-UK ngenxa yokuba kukho isini esininzi kunye nobundlobongela.
Ngo-1975, i-Kubrick isuse idrama "yeriryyy yothando". Ifilimu malunga nendoda yaseIreland exhela igosa lomkhosi wesiNgesi latyunjwa le-Oscar. Ngo-1980, le mifanekiso iphumelelayo ilandelayo yapapashwa - "radiariance". Kuyo, eyona ndima iphambili yenziwa ngumdlali we-acker nicholson. Ngo-1997, kuBurick waqalisa ukusebenza kwidrama "kunye namehlo axhaphakileyo", apho abadlali be-Tom Traise badlale khona kwaye i-Nicole Kidman idlalile, ababetshatile ngelo xesha. Le filimu ngumsebenzi wakhe wokugqibela.
Ngeentsuku ezintathu ngaphambi kokuba afe, umlawuli wavuma ukuba uthathe enye ifilimu, malunga nokusebenza apho angaxeleli mntu. Olu dliwanondlebe luvele ngokufika simahla ngo-2015, njengoPatrick Murray, obambe incoko noKbrik, watyikitya isivumelwano sokungafuneki kwencoko iminyaka eli-15.
Isizathu se-GRECY Ngaba le vidiyo, yona, ngokoMlawuli, isuswe kubume. Umlawuli wavuma ukuba ukuvela kwe-American Astronas ukuya eNyangeni kuthunyelwe, oko kuthetha ukuba ividiyo edumileyo iyinyani. U-Kubrick washiya ukuba wasusa amanyathelo okuqala "enyangeni" enyangeni leyo kwaye yathintela lo "ubuqhetseba ebantwini" ngenkxaso kurhulumente kunye ne-NASA.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuqinisekiswa kukuba ukufika kwenyanga yaseMelika kwakungekho, yayingaqwalaselwa yithiyori yeyelenqe kunye nokugculelwa luluntu, amagama iKbrika okanye atshintshiwe kancinci.
Ubomi Buqu
UStanley Kubrick wayetshatile kathathu. Wadibana nomfazi wakhe wokuqala xa wayesebenza kwimagazini ekhankanyiweyo. Ngo-1948, abantu abaselula batshata, kodwa umtshato wabo wawungekho ixesha elide.
Umfazi wesibini womlawuli waba yi-American Ballerina kunye neMbamba Ruth Sobet. Badibana kwiseti yefilimu "Kuka umbulala," apho uRute wayedlala indima yomdanisi. Kodwa kungekudala waqhawula umtshato naye.
Ngomfazi wakhe wesithathu, imvumi yaseJamani i-kristina Kharlan, Kuburi idibene ngexesha lefilimu "I-fameme yendlela": uChristina wangle kule filimu. Esi sibini satshata ngo-1958. Ngelo xesha, uHarlan wayenentombi. Kungekudala, amaqabane azalwa ngakumbi kwiintombi ezimbini, owayebize i-vivian no-Anna. Ngo-2009, uAna wasweleka ngumhlaza. Kwaye i-vivian yayinomdla kwi-scaietlogy, ekupheliseni intsapho yakhe.
UStanley Kubrick akazange athandane nokuthetha ngobomi bakhe, kuba bekukho amarhe kunye neentsomi ngaye kunenyaniso.
Ukufa
Ngomhla we-7 kaMatshi ngo-1999, kwiintsuku ezine emva kokufakwa kwefilimu "kunye namehlo axhaphakileyo kugqityiwe," wasweleka ephupheni. Unobangela wokufa yayisisifo sentliziyo. Umlawuli onetalente wangcwatywa eHartfordshire (eNgilani).
I-Kubrick yahlala iprojekthi engenanto. Kwiminyaka engamashumi amathathu, waqokelela izinto ukuze enze ifilimu malunga ne-Napoleon Boonaparte, emva kokuba efile ilayibrari enkulu, enamanani amawaka eNapoleon. Ngo-2001, uMlawuli uStephen Spielberg wasusa idrama yedrama elimangalisayo, "
UStanley Kubrick wayenefuthe elimangalisayo kwi-cinema nenkcubeko xa iyonke. Uninzi lweendlela ezaqala ukusebenzisa uMlawuli zingena kwiklasikhi ye-cinema kwaye yaba yinxalenye yenkqubo yemfundo kwiiyunivesithi ezikhethekileyo. Kwaye izigcawu ezivela kwipeyinti ye-pienting piettur i-Kubrick zihlala ziziseko zezalathiso kunye ne-omm kwimiboniso bhanyabhanya yanamhlanje.
Kodwa kule ndawo ikude kwi-cinema yendawo, umlawuli akalibaleki kwaye emva kweminyaka engamashumi amabini emva kokuba efile. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, amaqela alandelwa ngumsebenzi woMlawuli kunye neeAkhawunti kwi "Instagram" asebenza kwi-Intanethi, kunye nee-akhawunti ezivela kwiifilimu ze-i-KUbric's.
Kwaye ngo-2018, iqela leengcali zebhayoloji libiza uhlobo olutsha lweenkuni ezivulekileyo kwintsimi yase-Amazonland esezantsi, ukuzukisa uMlawuli - D kubabki.
I-filmography
- Ngo-1951 - "usuku lokulwa"
- Ngo-1951 - "i-padre padre"
- Ngo-1953 - "Rider yolwandle"
- Ngo-1953 - "Uloyiko Nenkanuko"
- Ngo-1955 - "Kitler Killer"
- Ngo-1956 - "Ukubulala"
- Ngo-1957 - "iindlela zozuko"
- Ngo-1960- "SpartAk"
- Ngo-1962 - "Lolita"
- Ngo-1964 - "UGqirha Strajnzhlav, okanye ndayeka ukunkwantya, ndiyithanda ibhombu"
- Ngo-1968 - "Space Odyssey 2001"
- Ngo-1971 - "I-Clopy Orange"
- Ngo-1975 -Barry Lyndon
- Ngo-1980 - "Shine"
- Ngo-1987 - "I-Shell yentsimbi"
- Ngo-1999 - "ngamehlo amakhulu"