Imbali yomlinganiswa
Abalandeli boncwadi baseRussia bahlulahlulwe baba ziindidi ezimbini: okokuqala Funda umsebenzi we-Ingo yeNgonyama i-Tolstoy "emfazweni omnye, abanye baphelisa i-bluey tomik kwishelufa yefilimu, kuba kwakungekho silumko Indalo yombhali nakwi-hollywood.Incwadi ye-prosaika ithandwa ngumhla, kuba uMarkter engaqhelekanga kuphela kubume bokwakha ubume kwaye wafundisa ivenkile yencwadi ukubonakalisa, kwaye wafumana abalinganiswa abakhankanyiweyo, phakathi kwe-Natasha Rostov.
"Imfazwe noxolo"
UTolstoy waqalisa ukusebenza ngomsebenzi wakhe ophambili, owaya kwangoko kwiikowuteshini, emva ngo-1856. Emva koko, ingonyama u-nikolayevich ivele ingcinga yokubhala ibali malunga ne-ordgrarist, ebuya eRussia. Kodwa emva kokucingisisa okude, umbhali wagqiba kwelokuba asuse iqhawe ngexesha lemfazwe yokuthand 'izwe, kuba uhlobo lomntu waseRussia lubonakaliswa ngamaxesha elahleko kunye nokusilela.
Iklasikhi yenze umsebenzi okhumbule, ixesha elibhaliweyo kungekuphela kwengqondo yentanda-bulumko nengqondo, kodwa nenezinto zokwenyani zembali. Le nto ixhomekeke kwimisebenzi yesayensi ye-Alexander Mikhailovsky-Danilevsky, i-Korf i-godf, kwaye ifunde oonobumba bemihla ngemihla yemfazwe ngamehlo akhe. Oku kubandakanya i-napoleon Boboaparte, iSergey Glinka, Alexander Shishkov kunye nabanye abathathi-nxaxheba kwiziganeko zegazi.
ULevikoyevich wayenomdla kwimbono yokuba tye kwalapha kwilali yaseBorodino, apho umphathi wesiFrentshi kunye nomphathi-ntlangano waseRussia, uMikhail Kutuzov, wangqubana. Ephefumlelwe yi-prosaiis iminyaka esixhenxe ayenze ukuba bangazijiki izandla, ukubhala amawaka amahlanu amashiti. Ekugqibeleni, ubuhlakani boncwadi olwenziwe eluntwini hayi kuphela ifomathi entsha yamaRoma-i-Epic, kodwa ikwatyhila ngaphezulu kwamagama angama-550.
ULevikoyevich wabeka umbhalo wakhe wokuba benze abantu ababambeleyo kubavelwano (i-Natasha, iPrince Andreic), iPrince Andreic), iPrince Andreic) kuphela kwicebo eligqibeleleyo. Ngenxa yoko, ngokuchasene nemvelaphi ye-Hypocrous neyesibini, amagorha athandana neemitha zokukhanya eluBukumkanini obumnyama ayepadwa kakhulu.
UNashasha Rostov, ovele phambi kwamehlo abafundi abavela kwiintloko zokuqala zaseRoma i-Epopea, yi-herone oyithandayo i-tellstoy, edlala indima ephambili kulo msebenzi. UNatasha uvela kumaphepha oMbhalo-ngqa-mbhalo kwintombazana eneminyaka elishumi elinesithathu, enesondla eBoris Drubetsk. Kodwa xa into ebhalise inkanuko ebhalise kwinkonzo yaseKutov, lonke uthando lwakhawuleza lwakhawuleza ukubhabha.
Intsapho yePierre Duhov yaqhelana nayo le ntombazana ivulekileyo, eyayibukele ngokubadala kukaNatasha inomdla. Ukuba sele bekhulile, iRostov yangena kwichibi lobudlelwane nePrince Andrey Bolkonsky, kodwa olu nxibelelwano lothando ixhoba, elinotata wonyana wakhe noNatasha Messalince. Intloko yosapho ixhasa inzala ukuba ihlehlise umtshato wonyaka, ukukhula kwegusty kunye nenkanuko iba kukuntyhuswa okunganyamezeleki.
Ukugcwalisa ububi bengqondo, iRostov inika iBolkonsky kwaye iyonwabela i-anatolem nge-kligin, eye ibekwe kwinoveli njengamanenekazi, i-haist kunye ne-slab. Umthandi wobomi obungenamntu waphuka eluthulini lokukhula okukhohlakeleyo ngokuzilatha, ukushiya i-Anatole utshatile, kwakufuna i-Anatole, uNatasha wayefuna ukusasaza gadalala ebomini.
Ngapha koko, xa uNapoleon waqalisa ukonakala eRussia, usapho lweRostovaya luhamba kwi-moscow ye-MOSCOW, apho ababalwa ngumthathi-nxaxheba emfazweni. Xa iintsapho zicwangcisa ukukhupha kwikomkhulu, uNatasha unceda amajoni anzondelelo: Iyazicenga abazali ukuba basebenzise i-submarmar engaphantsi komhlaba, kodwa ngenxa yothutho lomkhosi. Phakathi kwamajoni abenzakeleyo, iqhawe eliphambili libona iPrince Andrew kwaye iqala ukhathalela owayenentanda.
Impilo kaBolkonsky ijonge phantsi iimfazwe ayihambelani nobomi, ngoko ke inkosana ibhubha kungekudala. Kubomi bukaNatasha, ibhendi emnyama ibuya. Kwakungelo xesha apho intombazana yasondelele kumhlolokazi ye-pierre mazrehov, eyayikwazi ukubona umphefumlo osulungekileyo we-herone: Iimvakalelo zentlekele zazalwa zisezantsi, emva koko ingqondo yathatha impahla. Ekupheleni kweRoma-i-Epopea Pierre noNatasha benza ngokusemthethweni ulwalamano lwabo nomtshato kunye nokukhulisa abantwana abane.
Umfanekiso
Ngokutsho kweRunguor, i-Toltstoy esetyenziselwa ukuthi:
"Ndithathe uTanya, ndiphuma kakhulu noSoya, noNatasha waphuma.Ewe, iiprototypes zomlinganiswa ophambili obenziweyo njengomfazi wombhali uSophia Andreevna kunye nodadewabo - i-themostka tatiana bebs.
Ekuqaleni kwe-Epic, umbhali wazisa i-natasha kwiliso elimnyama, i-bolger kunye nentombazana embi ene "curls ezimnyama kunye namagxa aphilayo", evuleka kwintsapho enobubele. Ukukhula, intombazana iguqukele kwidada yegadi kwi-swan entle ye-swan: ivela kwibhola yokuqala kwaye itsalele ingqalelo yesini esingamadoda nomfundi, ukuhlaziywa kwakhe kunye nobabalo.
Uphawu olwahlukileyo lokukhula kukushukuma kunye nomdla ebomini. Ukuhambisa amaphepha omsebenzi, umfundi unokulandelela ubudala beNatasha, engakhathaliyo kwinyani ejikelezileyo. Abalandeli bomsebenzi bayazi ukuba ingonyama u-Nikolayevich ayinabalinganiswa abalungileyo, kuba inkosi yepeni ibanika kwaye iimpawu ezimbi ezingabasebenzi kubantu bomntu ofayo ukuze zilandelwe amagorha angaphakathi kwamagorha abo.
UNatasha akakhokelwa yingqondo, kodwa ngentliziyo: Ukususela ebuntwaneni, iRostov inika intando yemvakalelo, ihamba, ukudanisa, isithsaba sentamo yomzalwana wakhe amthandayo. Uxolelwaniso lwakhe kwiimpawu zikawonke-wonke lubonakaliswa kwindawo entle xa intombazana encinci ihleli kwitafile yesidlo sangokuhlwa, ibuza ngokungqongqo uMary Dmitevna malunga nekhekhe, ngaloo ndlela kukuphazamisa iincoko zabantu abadala.
Ukugweba ngenkcazo, iRostov ayikukhali ukuthuka kunye nengqondo, kodwa ifunda ukuphila ngesilingo kunye nempazamo, yenza into egudileyo nekhawulezayo. Umzekelo, kufanelekile ukhumbula umnqweno wakhe wokwenza oko ukuze ubaleke phantsi kwesithsaba nge-Anatola i-Anatola i-Anatola. Kodwa u-Yuikolayevich akazange agwebe ukuvutha kwentombazana, eqinisekisa ukuba abathandi beencwadi ababenomntu ophilayo kwaye ophendulayo othembele ukuba enze iimpazamo.
Emva komtshato, oyithandayo i-Tolstoy inikwe ngumyeni wakhe kunye nabantwana, iba ngunina onothando nenkosikazi ethembekileyo. Ukuba ngaphambi kokuba uNatasha wayenomdla kwinkangeleko yakhe, kwaye wakhetha iimpahla ixesha elide, ecela abantu abadlulayo, emva koko iRostov yeka ukuzijonga, ubuhle bendalo.
Umdlali we-Acress kunye neRhafu
Inoveli "imfazwe kunye noxolo" kaLev Nikolayevich Tolstoy zaqala ukuthandwa yi-KydochoeyeYev, ngoko ke ayimangalisi ukuba abalawuli abadumileyo bashukumisa umsebenzi kwizikrini zeTV. I-coestheathet ithe yaveza abathandi beefilimu ezigcweleyo, ngoko sibonisa eyona ithandwa kakhulu:
"Imfazwe noxolo" (1956)
Ngo-1956, uMlawuli waseMelika uKumkani Vido wazisa ifilimu ye-ingonyama i-telstoy, ehambelana neyelenqe. Umbukeli umiswe kumava obuqu amaqhawe, isohlwayo sobupolitika kunye nothando lothando.
I-Henry Fund (iPierre duhov), iChalk Ferreru (Andrei Bolkon), iVitorio Gassigin (eyayisenziwa ngumlinganiso we-natom) njengoMarilyn Monroe.
U-Audrey wayegqibelele kwindima yokukhula kwaye wabonisa abaphulaphuli beemvakalelo ezinyanisekileyo. Kodwa bambalwa abantu abazi ukuba iMbanjwa ngokwayo iyakholelwa kwi "Imfazwe kunye neHlabathi" yeyona inzima ebomini bakhe, kuba kwafuneka asebenze iiyure ezilishumi ngosuku. Kwakhona, kwimvelaphi yokudinwa ngokomzimba, uxinzelelo kunye namava obuqu, umba ongumThetho wasilela kwimozulu esele ichaphazelekile: Kwixa elizayo, umgcini weqonga wahlukunyezwa ngokutya.
Ngendlela, i-hepburn ifumene eyona ntlawulo iphezulu, umsebenzi weencwadi zeempendulo kunye nabanye abadlali zazixhomekeke kumbono wakhe, kwaye uJubera de Zhani wacela ukuba i-rome ikhuthaze impahla kunye nendlu yangasese, iyala ukudala impahla yembali.
"Imfazwe Nehlabathi" (Ngo-1967)
Umlawuli we-Sergey Spresoruphu wehlulekile iintsomi ze-cinema, esusa enye yepeyinti enkulu ye-Soviet, esebenzisa indawo enkulu yedyokhwe, kunye ne-filting yedyokhwe enkulu. Sebenza kwifilimu, eyahlulahlulwe yangamacala amane, yaqala iminyaka emithandathu, kwaye, ukuphuma ehlabathini, le filimu yanikwa imbasa yeOscar kwaye yaba yinkokeli yeemveliso eziqengqelekayo kwi-USSR.
Ngeli xesha, i-Natatha Rostov Reincarnar i-LUUDMILA YOLYSILAV, oqonda ukuba akananto yakwenza ne-rozi yeTolstoy:
"... i-slim, amehlo akamnyama, njengakwinoveli, kodwa luhlaza, kwaye ngokubanzi, umodreyini uxelele udliwanondlebe.Kodwa nangona kunjalo, uGonga Lova wakwazile ukudala umfanekiso we-canon ye-natasha: abaphulaphuli babone umdlalo ophilayo kunye nokumenzela amandla. I-Llummila Mikhailovna yahlulahlula iqonga lokudubula kwaba badlali be-vnylav tikhonov, eVictor Stalitsan, e-Oleg Tabakov, uElerd Martravich kunye ne-boris zangavich kunye ne-boris zaakhava.
"Imfazwe Nehlabathi" (uthotho lweTV, 2007)
UMlawuli wase-Austrian Robert Dorngelm wagqiba kwelokuba aqonde umbono wakhe we-tolky Novel kwaye wazisa uthotho lweTV yi-Avinanam.
Izikripthi kunye noRobert basuka kwi-canon kwaye baphinda badle imigca eminye imisebenzi ngendlela eyahlukileyo. Umzekelo, i-pierre duhov (Alexander Bayr) ivela kulungelelwaniso lobuncinci, kwaye imbonakalo ye-natatha rostova (i-poets) ikwangumfanekiso otyunjiweyo, kubaphulaphuli babona iblowu emfutshane- Eyled blonde.
"Imfazwe Nehlabathi" (uthotho lweTV, 2016)
Ebusika, ka-2016 kwi-BBC itshaneli enye, ukulungelelaniswa kwesahlulo sesithandathu senoveli yeTolstoy, eyanceda ekwenzeni umsebenzi waseRussia kwabafundi baseBritane: Ngokwabemi be-Gusty Albion babekhoboka lenoveli . Ngokwenyani iveki kwiivenkile zeencwadi, malunga ne-3.5 lamawaka eekopi zevolumu yoqobo "yemfazwe noxolo" zathengiswa.
Umlawuli ugxile kwikamva labalinganiswa abaphambili, kunye nendima kaNatasha Rostova bafumana i-Lily James, owayekhunjulwa nguMbona weTV kwifilimu "eyaphukileyo" (2012), "Inkosi uAdam Jones" (2015) kunye nomnye umsebenzi omangalisayo.
Iinyani ezinomdla
- I-Natatha Rostov ihlala ivela emahlathini kunye nenqanaba njengendoda ye-guy rzvsky.
- Kwifilimu ye-1967, uSergey Bosvirchuk Reincarnated ePierre Baunova, ukusukela oko, ngokutsho kwe-matre, wayengazange abe nethamsanqa nabadlali be-AMRIA, ngelixa abanye bengazange barhola umfanekiso ophikisayo. Kwinoveli, iPierre incinci kakhulu kuneSergey Fedorovich (ngelo xesha, umphathi wawungamashumi amane), kodwa i-cinema yakwazi ukudlala umlinganiswa oqaqambileyo nongenakulibaleka.
- Kumfanekiso ofana nomfanekiso ngqondweni wendawo, xa amaqhawe azokuzingela kunye neBolkonsky, i-Actor Jered Brett (i-nikolai rostov) kuphela kwehashe eliphilayo, ngenxa yokuba i-thesporiched yonke ivaliwe Umatshini womatshini.
- Abalandeli besiRoma-i-Epic, ayisiyo imfihlo yexesha elide ukuba uNatasha Rostov kunye naye aphila, kodwa ihlabathi langaphakathi lingayithandi ukungathandi i-leo nikolaevipation ukuya kwiimbono zokukhululwa kwabasetyhini.
- Umfanekiso we-natasha rostova nayo ikwangulga Premobrazhenskanskanska (ifilimu 1913), Vera Karalli, (edlalayo ngo-1915) kunye noTatiana Lavrov, olwanda kwindawo ye-Opera.