Biography
Stefan III inkulu ngomnye wabalawuli ababalaseleyo kwimbali yeMoldova. Waya kwi-Lite iminyaka engama-47, kwaye namhlanje ababhali-mbali ababhali-mbali bayathetha ngaye: "Wayamamkeli ilizwe elinamatye, washiya ilitye elinamandla." Wayomeleza urhulumente ophambili, wayejamelene ngempumelelo namandla otshabhisayo - uBukhosi base-Ottoman, ePoland naseHungary. Ngamaxesha athile, xa kwabhalwa i-Stefan kaStefan enkulu, iqhina yaseMoldova yaba ngamandla ezopolitiko eMpuma Yurophu. Imifanekiso yakhe yenye yezona zinto zithandwa kakhulu kwaye zithandwa kwi-Moldavian Folklore noncwadi.
Umhla wokuzalwa othile kwikamva leNkosi enkulu akazange ayigcine imbali, kodwa yaziwa nje ukuba i-biography ye-Stefan III ithatha ukubala ngo-1429. Wazalelwa eBorzesshtsshtsky wase-Bish, namhlanje yidolophu kwingingqi yeRomania Bakau. UStephen, okanye njengoko kubhalwa iStefan kuhlala inzala, yayiyinzala enkulu ye-Monsaviation yeMbusi yaseMoldavia, eyayiyinto eqhelekileyo eqingqiweyo, ethetha ukuba "intle." Utata wakhe uBogdan II uphethe ilizwe kude kube yi-1451. Umama wekamva lomlawuli webali lalinguMoulay Damna.
Phambi kokuba uStefan wakhwela itrone, umalume wakhe uPeter Peter III ATRON, ngubani kwisihloko somhla wasikelwa ikakhulu. Unqumle intloko yeBogdan II, esebenzisa igazi labantu abaninzi. Njengabaninzi kwabangaphambili, uPetron wacinga ngakumbi ngokuzonwabisa kunye nokuzonwabisa, wachitha eyakhe i-tyhente yezakhe, kwaye ekugqibeleni waliza kwilizwe leTurked e-Moldova laya kuba ngumthwalo onganyamezekiyo waseMoldova waza waba ngumthwalo onganyamezekiyo wase-Moldova. UStefan III waqokelela umkhosi wamawaka amathandathu abantu kwaye wahlasela isalamane, umkhosi wakhe wadlula kwiqela lecala elihlaselayo. Nangona kunjalo, ngo-Epreli 12, 1457, umtshana ophuculweyo, ukuba luhlobo lweMoldovan Hamlet. UPeter wabalekela ePoland, kwaye ingqokelela yelizwe laseMoldavskaya yavakalisa uStephen ngendoda entsha.
Inkosi Moldova
Emva kokuba beyijoyine itrone, uStefano wayebandakanyeke ekomelezeni ilizwe. Walinganisela impembelelo ye-boyars kuqoqosho kwaye waqala ukuthenga umhlaba wabo. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba kunye nabo babonisa ukungoneliseki, wafika ngokuqatha, xa wayekhe wabulawa kwangaxeshanye abangama-40. Kwakunye nomlawuli omtsha owenziwe ukuba abantu baseMoldova bafumana inqanaba lokuba "simahla", nangona, okokuqala, uStefano III wayengenguye umkhosi wawo, kuba iisethi zazingenalo Ilungelo lokuthwala inkonzo yasemkhosini. Wakha iqela leenqaba ezintsha kwaye waqinisa amandla e-esele esele ikho.
Ngenxa yotshintsho kuqoqosho, kwezolimo zaqalisa ukuphucula, ubugcisa obuphuhlileyo, urhwebo lwachuma. Kunomdla wokwazi ukuba kuloo ndlela, i-Moldova Sleet, eyayingenalo uhlobo olubaluleke kakhulu, lwahlala lwanaso kwiMeditera, kwaye iinqanawa zikaMoldova zafika kwi-genoa kunye neGenoa.
Kodwa uphumelele ngakumbi ngumgaqo-nkqubo wangaphandle kaStephen III Muright. Ngokwenyani, yayikukuba iimfazwe eziphumelelayo azifumene esi sihloko sikhulu. Ngo-1465, umlawuli waphosa i-Kyli neBelgorodi, ethi yona ikwingingqi yeOdessa. Abahlaseli baseHungary baphulwe edabini kwiSixeko saseBaeei, eyamangaliswa ziintshaba zembumbulu yaseMoldova. Kwaye xa emva kweminyaka eli-10, uBukhosi base-Ottoman wagqiba kwelokuba baphinde baphinde bafumane iphulo, ii-osman zahlaselwa kwimfazwe yehlanga. Ngendlela, i-oak enkulu isakhula kwilali yeKoblin Schooldness School, inqaku layo laphulwa liStefan Linde.
Kodwa ukunqongophala kwenkxaso evela kumazwe aseYurophu kwanyanzela uStefano ukuba avume intlawulo ye-sutks. Inyani yile yokuba kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo iMoldova ikhokelele imfazwe nxamnye nePoland neLithuania, kwaye kwakunzima ukwahlukana namacala amabini. Ngenxa yokuqinisa izikhundla zayo, uStefan III, okukhulu kwade wavuma umanyano neRussia, eyayinqande ngaphambili. Esi siVumelwano soxolo sanegalelo ekuphuculeni ubudlelwane neetayile zolwaphulo-mthetho kwaye zanceda ukoyisa izibonda kwidabi kufutshane nehlathi laseKozaminsky.
Ngenxa yeBhodi yezoBuchule, uStephen Moldova wafikelela kwi-heyday yezoqoqosho, nangona engazange ayeke iimfazwe ezingapheliyo. Ngendlela, ngokuchanekileyo le nto, inkosi yeNkosi yembono ye-Moldova yeCumicle, eyaziwa ngokuba "yintlekele engaziwayo yeMoldova." Kwakhona, ngayo, iicawa ezininzi ze-orthodox zakhiwa kwaye i-ICOnography yendawo yaphuhliswa.
Ubomi Buqu
Ulwazi malunga nobomi bukaStefano bukhulu bafikelela ngomlomo, ngenxa yoko kukho ukungangqinelani kwimithombo eyahlukeneyo. Ngamanye amaxesha umfazi wokuqala kaStefano III ubizwa ngokuba luhlobo lomtshato, nangona le datha yomtshato ingabikho kwaye lo mfazi uya kuthathwa lishweshwe. Kodwa ke yaziwa ngokuchanekileyo ukuba ngoJulayi 5, 1463, watshata uEvedokia Koiv, umzukulwana weSofia Paleolog. Umfazi wanika uStephan ngabantwana besithathu: uAlexander, uPeter no-Elena. Intombi ka-Elena iya kuba ngumfazi kaIvan omncinci, unyana kaKumkani uIvan III.
Kwiminyaka emine emva komtshato, uEvakiya wasweleka. Kuyaziwa ukuba uStefano watshisa kakhulu, kwaye wagqiba komtshato omtsha kuphela kamva, ngelo xesha, eninzi kakhulu, ingakumbi kubantu basebukhosini. Kodwa uEvakia Koevskaya kaStephen III kwaye wahlala ongumfazi ophambili ebomini. Umfazi wakhe wonke wayenexabiso elincinci entliziyweni yakhe. Ngo-1472, iNkosi yatshata noTaria Mangupupskaya, eza evela kwintsapho yePaleoists kunye neRoyal Royal Royaly yeAsanov. Lo mtshato wawucwangciswa ngobuchule: Njengomtshato waseTurkey Khan Maria wafaka isandla ekuqiniseni ukomeleza kwezikhundla zeMoldova. Kule mtshato, uStefano wayenoonyana boGdan noIlya, owesibini wasweleka esemncinci.
Inkosikazi yesithathu yaseStefan III ye-Great iguqukele ekubeni nguMaria Vadyakitsa. Uye wanika umyeni wakhe kwixa elizayo eBogdan III Kii Kivoy, etyhutyha itrone emva koyise, kunye neentombi zika-Ana, ezaziya kwi-monastery, eyaya etroneni, eyaya etroneni, eyaya etroneni, naseMaria inkosazana. Umfazi wokugqibela wayenempembelelo enkulu kwiStefan, eyayibonakaliswa ikakhulu ekwenziweni kwe-orthodoxy. Yayikuye ukuba iNkosi iqale ukubonakalisa ii-icons, kuvela umzekeliso owaziwayo, apho uStephen ongumkhulu kwizandla, efanekisela ungeniso kuYesu Krestu.
Kuyimfuneko ukongeza ukuba uStefan wayenomnye unyana, uPeter IV Rares, oye wanikela ilizwe ngo-1527. Ngubani umama womntwana, ibali lithe cwaka, ke, uninzi lukaPeter labizwa ngokuba semthethweni. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba oyena mhlobo ulungileyo kunye nokuhlelwa okuthembekileyo kumlawuli we-Maldovan yayiyi-vampice vlad i-vampire ye-vampire yegama lenoveli yeBram. Bebonke, bahamba kunye kwi-Stephen yobuncinci kumalume wakhe kwaye kamva balwa amanye amagxa egxalabeni ngamanye amaxesha.
Ukufa
Unobangela wokufa kukaStefano akucaciswa. Wasweleka nge-2 kaJulayi i-2, 1504 eneminyaka engama-75 kwi-succaval crestres, apho wakufumana khona isithsaba. Ndamngcwaba inkosi yaseMoldova eOrthodox eyakhiwe yi-Orthodox, ebizwa njalo ngokuzukisa umlambo ekufuphi.