Biography
Enye yezona zinto zihlonitshwa kakhulu zaseRussia yiPrince Yuroslav ilumkile, unyana kaVladimir Svyatoslavovich (UmBhaptizi). Wafumana igama lesidlaliso ngenxa yothando lokukhanya kunye nokudalwa komthetho wokuqala wemithetho, emva kwenyaniso "yaseRussia".
Kwaye ungutata, uMalume notatomkhulu wabalawuli abaninzi baseYurophu. Phantsi koBhaptizo, i-Yaroslav ifumene igama likaGeorge (okanye uYuri). Icawa ye-Orthodox yaseRussia iyayibonisa ukuba ithembekile kwaye yazisa usuku lwenkumbulo yakhe kwiiSarato. Unyaka wokuxhuma ngoMatshi 4, nakwisiqhelo - 5.
Ubuntwana noLutsha
Malunga noMhla wokuzalwa kweYaroslav Vladimirovich kwaye namhlanje uqikelela. Kodwa uninzi lwababhali-mbali kunye nezibondazinzulu zithanda ukuba iNkosana yazalwe ngo-978, nangona kungekho sithemba sigqibeleleyo koku. Usuku lokuzalwa kwakhe luyaziwa ngakumbi.
Abazali bakhe yayinguVladimir Svyatoslavovich, owayephuma kwi-genus rurikovich, kunye nePrincesk Ricend RogvovOvnovsovOvnovnovnovsovdovnavsov. Nangona kungekho mvume apha. Umzekelo, owona mbhali ubalaseleyo uNikolai Kostomarov wayethandabuza ukuba yayinguRoginena owayengumama Yaroslav. Kwaye i-Franch yakhe yaseFrentshi iFreggnon yacinga ukuba yonke into ethengiswa inkosana ye-Byzantine Tsarevna Anna. Kutyholwa le meko le meko ichaza ungenelelo lwakhe kwiimeko zonyulo lwangaphakathi kwi-1043.
Kodwa ngenxa yobulungisa kufanelekile ukuba abanye bababhali-mbali banotyekelo lokuqwalasela i-rognd yomfazi owanika ubomi bakhe odumileyo weenkosana zaseRussia.
Zonke iinzala ezizalelwe emtshatweni noRogida, i-Iroslav, Yaroslav, Yaroslav, Yaroslav, Yaroslav, Yaroslav, Vevoslav, e-Yaroslav, eJevoslav, i-Yarossav, i-Yarossav, i-Yarossav, i-Yaroslav, i-Yarossav, i-Yarossav, i-Yarossav, i-Yarossav, i-Yavselov, eGrand Duke Vladimir ithumele kwizixeko ezahlukeneyo. I-Yaroslav ifumene iRostov. Kodwa ekubeni inkwenkwe yayineminyaka eli-9 ubudala ukusuka kusapho, owondla wacinezelwa kuye nakwi-voivode buduoy (kweminye imithombo yeBuda). Emva kwexesha, xa inkosana yePrince I-Yarossav yobulumko yaqala ukulawula iNovgorod, uMcebisi weSondleni kunye nomcebisi waguqukela ekubeni nohlobo olukufutshane.
Ibhunga lolawulo
Eli xesha sisimo seentsomi kunye neentsomi. Ixesha lePrince Iroslav lilumkile, kunye nomntu ngokwalo, abanye ababhali-mbali bathanda ukuba basebenzise ngokufanelekileyo, abanye - ukuya kufikelela ziidemon. Kuyinyani, njengesiqhelo, kwenye indawo embindini.
IPrincess Novgorod yayinesimo esiphezulu kunolawulo lweRostov. Ukanti, umlawuli weNovgoroD wayenomgangatho ongaphantsi ngokunxulumene neKiev, oko kukuthi, Vladimir. Ke ngoko, iNkosana i-Yaroslav inobulumko ngendlela enyanzelekileyo minyaka le ukuba u-Bita 2/3 ye-Novgorod esuka kuDani. Yayiyisixa samawaka amabini eHryVnia. I-1 lamawaka eseleyo kulondolozo lwe-velmazke yena neqela lakhe. Kumele kutshiwo ukuba ubukhulu bayo kuphela ongaphantsi kweqela le-vladimir.
Mhlawumbi, le meko yatyhalela unyana ukuba azobe kwaye ngonyaka ka-1014 wokwala ukuhlawula umrhumo omkhulu kuyise. Abahlali baseNovgorod baxhasa umhlaba wabo, luyintoni ulwazi kwiziKronike. U-Vladimir wayenomsindo kwaye waqala ukulungiselela ukukwaziwa kwe-riots. Kodwa ngelo xesha wayeneminyaka yobudala ubudala. Kungekudala wawa kamnandi kwaye wasweleka kakhulu kwaye engamohlwaya uNyana.
Indawo kaTata yathatyathwa ngunyana olizibulo - uSysatopolk Okan. Ukuze uzikhusele kwaye ugcine amandla ezandleni zakho, watshabalalisa abantakwenu abathathu: iBoris, eyayithandwa kakhulu nguKievans, Gleb noScourtaslav. Ikamva elifanayo yayilinde i-novgorod iposti. Kodwa wakwazi ukoyisa uSyvotopolka kwimfazwe enegazi phantsi kothando kwaye ngo-1016 wangena kwiKiev.
I-truce ethambile phakathi kwabazalwana ababebelana naye kwi-kniev kwi-Dniest, amaxesha ngamaxesha adlule kwinqanaba "elishushu". " Kodwa kwi-1019th, i-suvyAtoplika ayizange, kwaye i-Yaroslav isilumko saqala urhulumente ongacacanga kwitrone yeKievo.
Ingcali enkulu yePrince iroslav yabalumkile yaba luloyiso kwiipiclenegs. Yenzekile ngo-1036. Njengoko i-Kronike yathi, esi sixeko sabekwa ziingfuds ngelo xesha xa umlawuli watywinwa kuNovgorod, apho wayethatha inxaxheba kwithebhu yetempile. Kodwa emva kokuba efumene iindaba zengozi, wakhawuleza wabuya wabuya wawa woyisa. Ukusuka kweli nqaku, ukuhlaselwa kwabo igazi kunye negazi kuRus kudala kuyeka.
Yaqala "ixesha leGold" i-Yaroslav ilumkile. Emva kokuba iphumelele impumelelo, i-velosa yathatyathwa yezakhiwo abakhulu. Kwindawo yoloyiso oluqaqambileyo ngaphezulu kwee-nomads, i-Sofia Catadral yabekwa. Wayeyintloko yekati yeCastratric kwiTsargrad. Ihonjiswe ngamandla amahle kwaye i-mosaic, itempile ibetha ubuhle bexesha labantu abadala kwaye iyakholisa amehlo namhlanje.
I-Weljet ayizange izisole imali kwintlalontle kwaye imenyiwe ukuze igqibe ikamva leMasters Gright. Kwaye amasango egolide edumileyo abonakala esixekweni, aphindaphinda ngokufanayo kwi-tsargrad. Icawe ye-intentension ikhule kubo.
Umgaqo-nkqubo wangaphakathi nowangaphandle
Umlawuli wenze imizamo ebonakalayo yokuphazamisa ukuxhomekeka kweCawe ye-Orthodox yaseRussia evela kuyo ngu-Visantiya. Ke ngoko, ngo-1054, okokuqala kwimbali yaseRussia, icawa yakhe yayihamba ngesiRashiya, kwaye ingeyiyo iMetropolitan yesiGrike. I-ilarion yakhe egama linguSuthorion.
Umgaqo-nkqubo wangaphakathi weYaroslav ubulumko wawujolise ekuphuculeni ukumiswa kwabantu kunye nokupheliswa kwentsalela yokholo lobuhedeni. Ukholo lobuKristu lwalugonyiwe ngamandla amatsha. Kulo Nyana waqhubeka nemeko kayise omkhulu, uVladimir wamaBhaptizi.
Unyana owenzelwe ukuba aguqulele iincwadi ezibhaliweyo zesiGrike ukuya kwiSlavic. Lowo ngokwakhe wayekuthanda ukufunda kwaye wazama ukuthobela ukuthanda ngokufunda nokukhanya ongaphantsi kwakhe. Abefundisi baqalisa ukufundisa abantwana ngolwazi lokufunda nokubhala. Kwi-NoVgorod, isikolo samakhwenkwe savela, esamkelayo abafundi abangama-300.
Inani leencwadi lakhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye ibhukishayo yakhiwa ngexesha elifanelekileyo lelo xesha. Qiniseka ukuba unomdla.
Kwibali lexesha, kudluliselwa kwintlanganiso ethile yeencwadi kunye namaxwebhu, okwisiko elinobulumko kwithala leencwadi le-Yaroslav. Izazinzulu zithetha malunga nezixa ezahlukeneyo: Ukususela kwi-500 ukuya kwi-950 imiqulu. Ngokutsho kwezinye iingxelo, ilayibrari yatshintshelwa kwiNkosana (ngolunye ulwazi-abazukulwana bakhe) beSofia Catyralral.
Kuba iincwadi zakudala ezize zifunyanwa iwaka leminyaka, zininzi ii-hypotheses apho zinokugcinwa khona. Abanye bayaphikisana ukuba kunokuba ngumrhumo weSofia Catyral, abanye bathetha ngeecatacombs zeKiev-Pechersk Lavra, owesithathu - malunga ne-vydubitsky. Kodwa kukho abagxeki okholelwa ukuba abantu abanamandla abangenakuze baphile emva kohlaselo lwe-polovtsy kunye nemililo.
Enye inguqulelo enelungelo lokuba nelayibrari yobulumko ye-Yaroslav iye yaba yinxalenye yethala leencwadi le-Leadyary ye-Ivan ye-Ivan.
IPrince Iwaroslav yema kwimvelaphi yokubonakala kweemboni yokuqala zaseRussia, kuquka nenkosi - iKiev-Pechersky. I-monastery ayizenzeli igalelo elikhulu kuphela ekuqinisekisweni nasebusweni bobuKristu, kodwa idlale indima enkulu kulwazi. Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, kwenziwa iKrofu.
Kwaye ngeli xesha limangalisayo, "inyaniso yaseRussia" yeYaroslav Somhlophe. Le yiseti yokuqala yemithetho yaseRussia, ababekho eyanda.
Ababhali-mbali bazixabisa kakhulu ezopolitiko zangaphandle ze-velmazby, apho waphumelela khona. Kubonakala ngathi wayengowokuqala kwiinkosana zaseRussia kugxile ekuzuleni, kwaye hayi amandla eendawo.
Ngelo xesha, imitshato enezindlu yayithathwa njengeyona ndlela iphambili yokuseka ubudlelwane namanye amazwe. Kwaye ekubeni iKievan Rus ngexesha legumbi lezilumko yajika yaya eqinile kwaye inamandla, emva koko "ukuzala" kuye, uninzi lwabalawuli bamazwe aseYurophu bavakalelwa phantsi.
Umfazi waseYaroslav ubulumko baba yintombi yokumkani waseSweden Olaf - i-Ithvierda, eyathi i-Irina emva kobhaptizo. Ukusuka kuBawo wafumana i-dowyry etyebileyo - isixeko saseAldeagaborg (Emva kweLadoga). Umhlaba osecaleni kwawo wabizwa ngokuba yi-Ingmermanland (eguqulelwa njengakwi-Engrids yomhlaba).
Unyana wasePrince - vsevode - watshata i-Trirevna. Inzala emibini kakhulu-kwiinkosana zaseJamani. Unyana uIlizav wathabatha umfazi wakhe iPrimince Casir, kwaye iCasimir ngokwakhe yatshata nodadewabo ngobulumko - i-Dobogen.
Imitshato efana nembeko yayiphakathi kweentombi zeKiev venezby. UElizabhete wayetshatele kuKumkani waseNorwald Girald, uAstastia - kuMlawuli waseHungary no-Andrei. Kodwa eyona nto idumileyo neyihlonion yayiyintombi ka-Anna Yaroslavna, eyaba ngumfazi woKumkani waseFrance uHenry I. Ngenxa yomgaqo-nkqubo wangaphandle, iPrince i-Yaroslav yabamelwane, abamelwane kunye kude.
Isiseko sezixeko
IPrince Yaroslav yasePrince yahlala iUriev. Kwenzekile ngo-1030, xa wayemisa inkampu ukuya eChud. Isixeko esitsha, esibizwa ngokuba sisixeko sakhe, sabonakala elunxwemeni lwechibi. Ngoku ubizwa ngokuba nguTartu kwaye ngowesiXeko sesibini ngobukhulu e-Estonia emva kweTallinen.
Omnye umzi waseYaroslav ubulumko yi-Yaroslavl, nangona abanye ababhali-mbali bajonga inyani yesiseko sayo ngenkosana bengabeki.
Kukho enye i-yijav eyasekelwa yinkosana. Esi sixeko sajika saba kwangaxeshanye kuzo zombini inqaba, eyayiqukwe kumgca wokukhusela iPojon. Wakhiwa ukhusela iKiev kwii-NEMADs. Ngo-1240, iTatar-Mongols yatshabalaliswa, ishiya kuphela amanxuwa ecawe. Ejikeleze yena kwaye isixeko saphononokwa, sifumene igama lecawa emhlophe. Ubizwa ngokuba namhlanje.
Ubomi Buqu
Ababhali-mbali abaninzi bavuma ukuba umfazi ka-Ithgedd, emva kobhaptizo, owaba yi-Irina, wayenempembelelo enkulu kumyeni wakhe washiya uphawu oluphawuleka kwimbali yaseRussia. Kumhlaba owafunyanwa nguyise ngo-1703, uSt. Petersburg wakhiwa nguPeter owokuqala.
EKieV, enkosi kwiPrincess, irina yabonakala kwi-monastery yokuqala yabasetyhini. Yakhiwa kwiCawa yaseSt. Enye yeekholamu zakhe "zaphila" embindini wenkulungwane yamashumi amabini. Ngoku kuphela sisitalato i-irininskaya esithumelayo esifana nobukho betempile.
Bebunjani ubomi bobuqu yeYaroslav ngobulumko kunye ne-Irigigria - Irina - namhlanje kunzima ukuyithetha. Kuye kwaziwa ukuba emtshatweni kunye noonyana bakhe abangama-6 kunye neentombi ezi-3. Iqabane linenkxalabo yomyeni wakhe laza lafudukela elukholweni lwaKho, lisenza lukhuthazo.
Umhle, ubuhle obukhulu, kubonakala ngathi, akunjalo. Impumlo eqatha impumlo kunye ne-chin efanayo, umlomo ocacileyo kabukhali kunye nemehlo amakhulu ayongeza umtsalane. Kwaye wayeyi-chrome ngenxa yobude bemilenze. Ngokutsho kwenguqulo enye-ngenxa ye-hip kunye nedolo enedabi, kwaye kwelinye, ngenxa yesifo selifa.
Kukho imbali yembali apho ababhali bembali banoluvo lwabo. Abanye babo bathi iPrince Iroslav inobulumko butshatile kabini.
Umfazi wakhe wokuqala watyholwa nguNorway Anna. Kule mtshato, ndaza ndizalelwa unyana kaIncya. Kodwa ngonyaka ka-1018, yena, kunye nonina, wabanjwa sisibindi sePolish yasePolish Bolesiv kwaye sasiwa ePoland ngonaphakade. Le nguqulo yatyholwa ngenyaniso yokuba igama elithi uAna lifunyanwa kwizihlandlo ezithile.
Kodwa kukho abachasi beli mbalelwano. Baphikisa ukuba yonke into ilula kakhulu. UAnna ligama le-Ingrid irina. Kutyhuwe, xa ubomi bakhe, baguqele kwi-Nun, bethatha eli gama. Ngo-1439, i-Archbishop Enfimius Ime phambi kobuso babaNgcwele. Kuthathwa gadalala ezulwini iNovgorod.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuba iNkosana yeYaroslav isilumko yayibakwalele kwinkulungwane ye-XXI.
Ukufa
Iminyaka yokugqibela yobomi, iNkosana i-Yaroslav isisilumko eVesshgorod. Wasweleka ngeholide yokubhiyozela i-Orthodoxy ezandleni zoonyana bakhe - eVSEVOD, wasinda kwiminyaka emi-4 yomfazi kunye no-2 vladimir.
Umhla wokusweleka kweNkosana uthathwa njengento ebhalwe ngoFebruwari 20, 1054. Wangcwatyelwa kwi-Sofia Catymadral eKiev, kwi-6-ton ye-ton sarble. Ngelishwa, izixa zomlawuli omkhulu zanyamalala. Kuyaziwa ukuba i-sarqugus kwinkulungwane yamashumi amabini yavulela kathathu: ngo-1936, ngo-1934 nowe-1964. Kwaye yayingasoloko ifanelekile kwaye yazala inkundla.
Emva kokuvulwa ngo-1939, izixa ze-Yaroslav ngobulumko bathunyelwa eLeningrad, apho oososayensi beZiko le-Anthropology baqinisekisa ukuba elinye lamathambo ama-3 (indoda, yabantwana) kwinkosana yenkosi. Ngokutsho kwekhaka elifunyenwe, i-anthropologist uMikhail Gerasimov ikwazile ukubuyisela imbonakalo yomlawuli.
AmaHaka abuyiselwe eKiev. Kodwa ngonyaka ka-2009, ingcwaba lalityhilwa kwakhona kwaye lafumanisa ukuba i-Durikovich yeRurikovich ayinayo. Kwakukho amathambo amabini obhinqileyo kuloo ndawo - ixesha elinye leKievan RUS, okwesibini kangangexesha elide nangakumbi. Kwaye engcwabeni, amaphephandaba "iZevesta" kunye nenyaniso ka-1964 yafunyanwa.
Ababhali-mbali abaninzi kunye nabaphandi bathanda ukunxibelelana ukuba amasalelo afanele afunwe eUnited States. Kutyhutyhutyhutyhutyhutyhutyhutyhutyhutyhutyhutyhutyhutyhutyhutyhutyhutyhutyhutyhutyhutyha ngo-1943, xa imikhosi yaseJamani ibuyiselwe.