Biography
Ngo-2016, ukumkanikazi waseBritane of Great Elizabeth II uqaphele isikhumbuzo se-90 kwaye waba yinkosi enkulu ehlabathini, kodwa nentloko ende kakhulu kuRhulumente kwimbali yelizwe liphela. Ivela kwi-winser ye-windsost kwaye ukongeza kwisiqithi seNkundla, esamkelwe njengoKumkanikazi nakwi-Australia, eNew Zealand, eCanada, eNew Guinea, eJamaica kunye namanye amazwe amancinci.Kwithuba leBhodi kaElizabhete, uAlexandra Mary weza ukwahlula-lwa koBukhosi baseBritane kunye nemveliso yeekoloni ezivela phantsi kwamandla esiNgesi. Ngomfanekiso omangalisayo ochukumisayo, uElizabeth II kwilizwe lemveli uyaziwa kakhulu, ngaphandle kwephakade elinobudala.
Ubuntwana noLutsha
Nge-21 ka-Epreli ngo-1926, kwintsapho yasePrince Albert, uKumkani wexesha elizayo uGeorge VI, noElizabhete uTyon wazalwa yintombi. Intombazana leyo yayifumana intombazana ezukisa unina, kodwa igama elipheleleyo lenkosazana lalongezekile kumagama kagogo kunye nootatomkhulu. Ngomqondiso weKumkanikazi yaseZodiac - Taurus. U-Elizabeth II wayenomkhweli omncinci - iPrincess Margaret (iswelekile ngonyaka ka-72mm wobomi).
Isihloko sokuqala kwi-biography ka-Elizabeth II ivele kwangoko emva kokuzalwa: Intombazana yalungiswa yiPrincess York. Ngelo xesha, uBales kunye noMalume womntu eDeary VIII wayemi etroneni phambi kwakhe, njengayo nayiphi na inkwenkwe eyazalwa kumntu ngamnye wabaviwa. Ekuqaleni, kukumkani nguMalusi, ongaphantsi konyaka kamva waphulukana nalo mzalwana.
U-Elizabeth II kunye nabazali bakhe bazinza kwinqaba ethembekileyo - ibhotwe leBuckingham, apho kudlule khona umntwana nolutsha. Kulutsha luka-Yelizabeth II lolutsha, kodwa lafumana imfundo epheleleyo yobuntu. Ufunde ubugcisa kwinqanaba eliphezulu, inkolo, ilungile. Urhulumente wexesha elizayo waseBritane wayengumnini-ntsapho ngesiFrentshi (kuyakholelwa ukuba ufumene ngaphandle).
Okokuqala ngqa u-Elizabeth II wafaka isicelo kwikamva elingeniswe kwixesha le-13. Ngexesha leMfazwe Yehlabathi II, wathetha ngonomathotholo kwaye wavakalisa inkxaso yabantwana ababenzakele ekubhobeni. Kwiminyaka eyi-16, le ntombazana yayisele ibonakale ngokuzimeleyo esidlangalaleni, emva konyaka waba ngumcebisi karhulumente wangena ekuzikhuseleni kwebhinqa. Inkosazana efundile ukuqhuba i-ambulensi, ifumene ukulungiswa kwe-mechanic kwaye yasebenza kude kube sisihloko se-auteenant. Nguye kuphela iNtloko yeLizwe elaphumelela inkonzo yokwenyani kuloo mfazwe.
Ibhunga lolawulo
Ngomhla omkhulu wakwa-Elizabeth II, wathembisa ngokusemthethweni uBukhosi baseBritane ukuba banikele ubomi ebantwini, nangona ngelo lifa lesithsaba lakhe lalingumbuzo. Emva kokusweleka kukatata kaGeorge Vi, nge-6 kaFebruwari 1952, intombi yelo Mlawuli yavakalisa ukumkanikazi. Kunomdla wokwazi ukuba i-coroning yobungangamsha bayo okokuqala ngqa eMbali yayisasazwa kumabonwakude, kwaye uninzi lukholelwa ukuba esi siganeko sinike ukuthandwa kolu manyano eBritane.Ngexesha lokunyuka kweKumkanikazi uElizabhete kwitrone yobunini boorhulumente kwakubanzi kakhulu kunanamhlanje. Emva koko ubukhosi buquka uMzantsi Afrika, iPakistan noCeylon, owathi kamva warhoxise amandla eBritane. Okubangela umdla kukuba, uElizabeth II wenza utyelelo kwimazwe ngalinye, ukuba nguMnakwa wokuqala owandwendwela iOstreliya naseNew Zealand.
Sele kuyiminyaka yokuqala yolawulo, ubungangamsha bayo, banomdla obonakalayo kwinkcubeko, isayensi kunye nobugcisa, bathabathela kubaphulaphuli behlabathi. Omnye wabantu abakhanyayo kweli xesha yayiyi-hollywood diva, i-arress marilyn monroe. Iifoto ezibonisa amaxesha entlanganiso eqingqiweyo, ebanjwe ngo-1956. Ngelo xesha, amanenekazi ayeneminyaka engama-30 ubudala.
NgoJanuwari 20, 1961, uJohn Kennene wakhwela i-Ofisi kaMongameli. Kwiinyanga ezine kamva, indoda eyayinomfazi wayo uJacqueline Kennedy wadibana nokumkanikazi. Esi sibini samenywa kwisidlo sangokuhlwa. Ipolitiki yase-US yeza kutyelela uElizabhete II: Indoda yawanika imifanekiso yakhe kwinkosi. Ababhali-mbali baqikelela ukuba umongameli wase-US osandul 'ukuzama ukubonisa isenzo esinjalo. UElizabhete wamangaliswa, kodwa isipho sathatha.
UJacqueline wamkela ukuba unexhala lentlanganiso kunye nokumkanikazi, kodwa olo lwamkela iqabane likaMongameli uMongameli kwaye ukuze wazola ingqokelela yemisebenzi ye-ART. Kwiinyanga ezisithoba kamva, uJacqueline Kennenene watyelela ukumkanikazi, yedwa. Kwaye sonwabele utyelelo. Kwiinyanga ezintandathu kamva, eli bhinqa lacwangcisa ukwamkela uElizabhete II, kodwa xa kwakufika ukumkanikazi ukhulelwe, intlanganiso yatshintshelwa.
Nge-12 ka-Epreli, ngo-1961, i-pilot pilot-cosmonaut yuri gagarin yenze indiza yokuqala. Ngenxa yoko, lo mfana waguqukela ekubeni ngumsindo wehlabathi. UYuri Alekseevich umeme oorhulumente nemibutho, kubandakanya i-United Kingdom. NgeGagarin inqwenela ukunxibelelana uKumkanikazi ngokwakhe, ebiza indoda ngesidlo sakusasa. Ngokuchasene neProtokholi, uElizabeth II ubeke i-asstronaut kufutshane naye kwaye wabuza imibuzo. Esi sipho siphawulile ukuba imeko kwiholo yahlaziywa.
Ngesiko, uKumkanikazi uElizabeth II-uqhekekile ukuba ungachaphazeli ukuphathwa kwelizwe. Umsebenzi womntu ovelayo waqubisana nokumelwa kweli lizwe malunga neNgxowa-mali yeHlabathi kunye nokugcina iGunya le-Britachy. Elizabeth II kulo lonke ixesha lokuhlala kwitrone egciniweyo ubudlelwane obuchanekileyo kunye nabo bonke abalungiseleli abaziintloko.
Kwaye nangona wayekwimilo yezopolitiko kwaye akazange avakalise uluvo lwakhe lwezopolitiko, amanani karhulumente ayethathwa njengento ebalulekileyo ukuba aqwalasele kwimicimbi emininzi. Wayixabisa imibono yobume boKumkanikazi uMargaret, oko wabhalayo kwiGosa lakhe.
Kwibhodi ende ye-Great Britain, indumiso, kwaye igxekwa ebukhali, kwaye ukugxekwa kabukhali kwava kuElizabhete. Kodwa abaseCoces, kwaye iqela labavuni lokumkanikazi ligxininisa ubuntu bakhe. Inyani yokubonisa yayiyimisitho ka-1986. U-Elizabeth II wadaniswa kwi-Yacht yakhe "kwi-Britain" kwelinye lamazwe angaphantsi, xa wafunda ngemfazwe yamakhaya e-Yemen. Wayalela ngoko nangoko ukuba atshintshe ikhosi kwaye athathe inani eliphezulu labantu abaqhelekileyo abakhwele. Ngenxa yoncedo oluthe ngqo kwiKumkanikazi yaseBritane, abantu abangaphezu kwewaka bakhutshwa.
Ngo-2015, ibhotwe le-buckingham latyelela "ipolitiki yezesondo yaseCanada" uJudauau. Ke ukumkanikazi waphawula ukuba intlanganiso neyerime ye-Prime yityala elikhethekileyo, kuba babonana kwiminyaka engama-40 eyadlulayo: UJustin kwindawo ka-Elizabeth II wathabatha utata wakhe xa inkwenkwe yayineminyaka emi-3. Entlanganisweni, ukumkanikazi wathi: "Kumnandi ukukubona kwakhona, kodwa phantsi kwezinye iimeko." Ezobupolitika zatyhukanga: "Okokugqibela sadibana, uphakame kakhulu." Ngexesha lentlanganiso, ukukhula kwenkosikazi yayingu-152 cm, ubunzima bungama-55 kg.
NgoJanuwari ngo-2017, izifundo zazinexhala malunga nemeko yempilo kaRhulumente. U-Elizabeth II uyagula ngamandla: Eli nenekazi labetha kubanda. Ngesi sizathu, ukumkanikazi uphosile iKrisimesi kunye nenkonzo yoNyaka oMtsha.
NgoJuni, unkosikazi wenziwa ePalamente enetroneni. Ukumkanikazi wazisa inkqubo karhulumente kule minyaka mibini izayo. NgoSeptemba, uElizabeth II wathi uceba ukulinda iRussia ukuba alawule omnye umntu, hayi "Mnu. Spin". Ngokutsho kwe-Monarch yaseBritane, iVladimir Vladimirovich ilahlekile nenyani kwaye akukho nto yokuthetha naye. Eli bhinqa laliqinisekile ukuba amaxesha ayeza kuza xa amaRussia aqalisa ukujonga kwiBritane kwiBritane.
Kwaye ngoSeptemba, oonocingo baqonda ukuba ibhotwe leBudkingham layigxotha iNkundla ePhakamileyo kunye nonobhala wabaFoli kaElizabhete II. Njengoko uhlelo lwamaxesha luxelwe, isigqibo sokugxotha i-christopher Geidst Gaidst yam yamkelwe emva kwesicelo sonyana wakhe wasePrince Charles.
NgoDisemba, ukumkanikazi uthathe inxaxheba ekuzingeleni kwindawo yokuhlala yase-Sandringham. Imithombo yazisa ukuba xa inja izisiwe emilenzeni yenkosi ye-pheassant yendoda, uElizabeth II wayengadideki kwaye igqibile intaka emqolombeni.
NgoFebruwari, urhulumente waqesha iyelenqe kwi-kiev. Imithombo yeendaba ezazikhathazekile, kutheni uElizabeth II wayefuna umhlaba eUkraine. Kwavela ukuba i-abssies yaseCanada nase-Australia ibekwe kule ndawo, ebandakanywa kwiBritane ModetEalth kwaye yaziqonda amandla esithsaba saseBritane.
Nge-18 kaJuni, ubungangamsha bayo bubekho kumsitho wesintu wokubonisa iodolo ye-knight ye-knien enkulu. Nge-19 kaJuni, umsitho obalulekileyo kawonkewonke waqala - i-cums yasebukhosini eAscota. Ubungangamsha bayo batyelele esi siganeko. NgoJulayi 13, 2018, ukumkanikazi wayephethe inani elikhulu leentlanganiso, ngakumbi kunye noMongameli wase-US Donald Trump. Utyelelo lokusebenza kwenkokeli yaseMelika idlulile kwi-Windsor Bestle.
Ubomi Buqu
Ubomi buqu uElizabhete II batshintsha ngoko nangoko emva kweminyaka yobudala. Inkosazana etshatileyo igosa leFonki yaseBritane lePrince Phil Philip Motherten, ukuba emva komtshato wafumana isihloko saseDuke Edinburgh. Iqabane likarhulumente yayiyinzala kaKumkanikazi uVictoria kunye nembewu yendlu yasebukhosini yesiGrike kunye neDenmark.
Badibana xa uKumkanikazi wexesha elizayo uElizabeth II wayeneminyaka eyi-8, kwaye ubudlelwane bothando phakathi kwabathandi buqalile ngo-1939, xa inkosazana ityelele kwiKholeji yaseNaval.
Ubungangamsha bayo kunye nomyeni wakhe babenabantwana abane: iNkosana Charles, Andrew no-Edward Anna. Umthi wokugqibela uqhubeke nokukhula: abantwana, nabo, bazifumana ezabo iintsapho baza bazisa iKumkanikazi elawula uzukileyo nabazukulwana abaninzi.
I-Hobbies ye-Hobbies u-Leizabeth II - Ukuzalela izinja zokuzala kwe-cegating kunye nokukhwela ihashe. Ngobudala, wathabatha amahashe ngemoto. Ngendlela, iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba lokumkanikazi alikho. Kwanakwixhego lika-Elizabeth II lwalunomdla kwigadi. Wayethathwa njengomnye wawona mashishini abahambi behlabathi kwaye sele etyelele amazwe ali-130 ehlabathi.
Ubuntu benkosi yomntu butsala umdla kwaye bushukumisela abantu bokuyila ukuba benze imisebenzi yobugcisa. Zininzi izinto zokuphila kunye nemifanekiso eqingqiweyo yorhulumente, kunye nemifanekiso ye-parade. Ukuzukisa ukumkanikazi, iibhulorho kunye nezakhiwo ziyakha, iipaki kunye ne-ufleys zifakwe, zivelise iimpawu kunye nengqekembe, igama lenkosi lide libize iindidi zeeroses kunye neentlobo ngeentlobo zeeroses.
Rhoqo uElizabeth II waba ngumlinganiswa weemovie kunye neeseti. Kwisikrini sikaHelen, uHelen Mirren, uSarah Gadon, uClaire Foy kunye ne-ARTE alishumi. Kwaye kube kanye ukumkanikazi kaElizabeth Bwesibini kwaye yena wabhalisa kwisilisa sokuvula iOlimpiki yeLondon ka-2012.
Ndikunye nomdlali weqonga uDaniel, owabonisa uYakobi uJames, wangena kwibala leOlimpiki kwihelikoki kwaye watsiba neparashute. Kule ndima, uKumkanikazi oneminyaka engama-87 we-Great Britain wanikwa ifilimu ye-Bafta njengoyena mntu ulungileyo we-james ye-werac. Izinja ezithandayo zobungangamsha bayo zibulawa yi-video.
Abantu basebukhosini abanqatshelwe ukugcina iiakhawunti kwiinethiwekhi zentlalo. Nangona kunjalo, inkosi yosapho inomntu obeka iliso kwiiprofayili zabo zaseburhulumenteni kwi "Instagram" kunye "ne-twitter", zeziphi iifoto kunye nemvume yegunya eliphezulu.
Kuyaziwa ukuba iqela lonke lisebenza kwiwadi. Iingcali zibonisa ukuba umbala owuthandayo uElizabeth yi-Blue-blue-blue iblue. Yayikwimpahla enjalo yokumkanikazi ukumkanikazi kakhulu wabonakala esidlangalaleni. Mhlawumbi oku kungenxa yokuba umbala wamehlo uElizabeth ngowesibini - iblowu. Abaqulunqileyo bahlala beqwalasele incasa kunye nengcambu yenkosi yenkosi.
Ngaphandle kobudala, uElizabeth II ngokukhetha ukwenza ngaphandle kwe-makep kwaye ihlala isetyenziswa kuphela ngamafutshane. Ipeyintiwe. Ingqeqesho yengqokelela ye-hats. Kwi-Arsenal Elizabeth ngaphezulu kwe-5000 yezi HAT. Ngapha koko, inkosikazi ibonakala kwinye yazo. Ngo-2016, isikhumbuzo seminyaka engama-90 yokumkanikazi saphuma kwifilimu ebhaliweyo malunga naye. UMLawuli uJohn Bridet wenza ukuba ujonge kwividiyo yosapho lwasebukhosini.
Isikrelemnqa
Isikhuseli esikhulu esihambelana nePrince Charles yenzeka kwi-90s. Njengoko usazi, indlalifa kwi-netrone etshatileyo uDiana Spencer othandanayo nosapho lwasebukhosini kunye noluntu lwaseBritane, kodwa bonke ubomi bakhe, unyana kaKumkanikazi, unyana kaKumkanikazi, unyana kaKumkanikazi, unyana kaKumkanikazi, unyana kaKumkanikazi, unyana kaKumkanikazi, unyana kaKumkanikazi, unyana kaKumkanikazi, unyana kaKumkanikazi, unyana kaKumkanikazi, ungunyana wakhe, unyana kaKumkanikazi. Nangona kunjalo, iinkosi zazichasene nomtshato wendlalifa kwintombazana enamanxuwa, ngoko ke wakha wafumana umchamo.Kodwa intlanganiso kunye nenkosana ayiyeki. UDiana wayesazi ngobuncwane bomyeni wakhe. Umama kaWilliam noHarry bazamile ukusindisa umtshato, kodwa bengaphandle. Ngo-1992, abaphulaphuli bangeniswa ngokurekhoda i-charles yefowuni kunye nee-capillas. Ukusuka kumagama abathandi bathethane, iRoyal Isthel '
UDiana emva koko waba ngumsindo. Ngenxa yoko, umtshato wajika waba yimfazwe. Emva kokufa kakhulu, inkosazana Dana yakukabona kwabo batyhola inkosana kaCharles. Kwakrwada le nenekazi labulawa, kwaye kwenzeka ngaphandle kokuthatha inxaxheba ku-Elizabeth II. Bakwatsho nokuba iPhince Philip, umfazi kaKumkanikazi, watshintsha umfazi wakhe ophindaphindwe. Ukumkanikazi akazange avakalise ngezi ngxelo.
Ngo-2012, kwabakho i-scaval ehambelana negama lePrince William kunye neKate Middleton. Abazali bakaGeorge kamva, uCharlotte noLouis baphumla kwilali yabucala eFrance. Amaqabane acinga ukuba bawedwa elunxwemeni, kwaye bahamba behamba apho kwimingxunya, ngokubanzi ngaphandle kwempahla. Okwalo mzuzu, umyeni nenkosikazi yakhe babambe ilensi yasePaparazi.
Ngasihlandlo sithile embindini wembali yezikrove "wakhanya" udade waseKumkanikazi - uMargaret. Ebutsheni bakhe, le ntombazana yayingavunyelwa ukuba itshate uthando, yaye waqalisa ukuba namandla okutyelela amaziko abuhlungu. Babeneqhayiya ukuba urhulumente okufutshane walikhoboka le-cocaine.
Yadityaniswa ke nomtshato nendoda engathandangayo, ivela kuyo iminyaka eli-18. Emtshatweni nasemva kokuba inkosazana ayilahlekisi ulonwabo. Amajelo eendaba abhala ukuba uElizabeth II unokunceda udade kwaye wamkele iBhili, eya kuvumela ukuhamba ngaphaya kwentanda yakhe. Kodwa oku akuzange kwenzeke.
Nje ukuba ukumkanikazi "angcwatywe". Kwenzekileyo kwi-Bbc Channel. Ke kaloku uDanny uKena oPhezulu uye wabhengeza ukufa kwenkosi. Emva kwexesha, ubunkokeli bamabonakude kunye nequlara kunomathotholo kuye kwafuneka ukuba bacele uxolo kwinkosi yosapho. Ngo-2016, bekukho amahemuhemu ukuba ukumkanikazi ucwangcise ukulahla itrone i-Prince William kunye neKate Middleton, odlula iNkosana iPrishs. Kodwa amarhe ahlala amahemuhemu.
NgoNovemba ka-2017, yaziwa ukuba umzalwana wasePrince William, uHarry, esemsebenzini kwi-Margan Marcle. Umtshato wabathandi oqeshiweyo Meyi 19, 2018. Nangona kunjalo, ukumkanikazi uElisabeth II akazange anike imvume kwimanyano. Kwaye iveki kuphela ngaphambi komtshato, i-buckingham Palace yapapasha isisombululo seKumkanikazi yaseBritane. Uluntu lwaluqinisekile ukuba uElizabhete wayengayi kuyivuma i-Harry Union kunye nengcali yangaphambili, eyayingatshatanga ngaphambili.
Kwaye ngoMeyi 19, 2018, umhlaba wonke wabukela umbhiyozo wasebukhosini. Zingama-600 iindwendwe ezenziwa emtshatweni, kuquka noDavid noVictoria Beckham, i-Oprah winfri, George Clooney kunye nenkosikazi yakhe nabanye. Ngexesha lomtshato, ukumkanikazi akazange abonakalise iimvakalelo zovuyo kwaye akazange ancume. Emva komsitho, uMegan wabelwa isihloko seDuchess Sassekaya.
Kwinyanga enye, u-Cousin ukumkanikazi ivar ye-Ivarbettetten wabhengeza ukuba uza kutshata inkwenkwe yaseJamani yaseKames Kole. Kwiminyaka emibini edlulileyo, indoda yacwangcisa umnqamlezo wokwenene kusapho xa wabhengeza ukuba isifundo sesondo esingengomntu. Kude kube ngu-2011, ivar yayitshatile nebhinqa eligama linguPenelope Thompson.
Kule mtshato, abantwana abathathu bazalelwa kwisibini. Umlingane wangaphambili kaIvara wayesazi ngotyekelo lomyeni wakhe kwaye wamxhasa. YayinguPeni okhokelele i-Ivara esibingelelweni. Umfazi wafumana ulwimi oluqhelekileyo kunye neNusikhi elithandekayo. Umsitho wokubhiyozela ngokungaqhelekanga wapapashwa ngokubanzi kumaphephandaba.
Ekuqaleni kuka-2020, isikere esitsha esinxulunyaniswa nePrince Harry kunye nenkosikazi yakhe senzeka kwintsapho yasebukhosini. Waxela ukuba akavumi ukulawula amalungelo. Isigqibo esinjalo besibangelwa zizizathu ezininzi. Okokuqala, indlalifa kwitrone iqonde ukuba, ukuba i-5 emgceni yetrone yasebukhosini, inethuba elincinci. Ukongeza, yayiphakathi kwezinye iindlalifa ze-WANTRU, wanyanzelwa ukuba azalisekise uxanduva kuye - ukuya kwimkelo ye-ofisi, nxibelelana namaphephandaba.
Ndizive ndibuqhetseba, iHarry-Inkululeko ithande ukuphulukana nesihloko sasebukhosini (ngelixa sigcina i-County), kunye nokuzimela kohlahlo-lwabiwo mali lwasebukhosini. Iindaba ezizeleyo zazingoka-Elizabeth nezihlobo zakhe. Eyona nto yamkiyikisa ukumkanikazi ayisiyonyani yokwala itrone, kodwa oko wakufundayo ngale posi.
Ngokwemithetho elandelayo elandelayo ezi nkqubo, i-Duke i-dustseksky ithethwe nge- $ 2.4 yezigidi yokulungisa i-cotttage ekufuphi nendawo yokuhlala yasebukhosini. Ngapha koko, kwiintatheli zaziwa ukuba ubungangamsha bayo bathabatha ubucwebe bobukumkani baseMegan, basondeze kuye ngaphambili, kwanomqala, wazisa kwiqabane likani lelinye iqabane lomtshato.
Elizabeth II ngoku
Kwiminyaka engama-2020, ukumkanikazi waqhubeka nokufezekisa uxanduva lwemeko yayo. NgoJanuwari, watyikitya umthetho weBarit, ngokuthi ngawona mazwe aseBritani aphuma kuluhlu lwamazwe ase-European Union. Kwiinyanga zokuqala zonyaka, i-United Kingdom yawa kwinani lamazwe abonakalise amazwe abonakalisiweyo ukuba kungumntu onobudenge kunye nokufa kukaswele eCodd-19.
NgoFebruwari, iNkosana Chapys yehlela umsebenzi entliziyweni, wagoduka ekhaya ngoMatshi. Kwaye ngo-Epreli 9, ingxelo esemthethweni yosapho lwasebukhosini kwi-Twitter Iindaba ze-Twitter: Duke edinburgh zafa.