Biography
Mhlawumbi, le yenye yezona mbambano kunye nabalinganiswa abangaphumliyo kwimbali yaseRussia. Unyana kaVladimir Moculokhe, wayegutyungelwa ngumnqweno osoloko ebanyusa amandla nelifa, ukuba afumane zonke izixeko ezintsha nezintsha.
Umbhali-mbali odumileyo waseRussia Vasilychev, ochaza i-biography kaRhulumente, ekhankanywe ukuba inkosana yayingu "Amateur enkulu yabasetyhini, ukutya okumnandi nesiselo. Kwaye ukhathalele ngaphezu kwabo bonke "malunga nochulumanco, kunokuba ulawule nomkhosi." Akayenza kancinane, abeka uxanduva luka "Nints kunye neenkosana".
I-Tatishchev, omnye umbhali-mbali uyavuma nokuba ngurhulumente - i-mikhail shcherbatov. Wayekholelwa ukuba "i-dolgoruki yamagama abizwa ngokuba" ngabantu bexesha elide bathabatha uYuri kwiimpawu zobuqu. "NjengePrince," NjengoKumkani wasePersi waseArtaxerks, wabonakalisa "ukubawa kokufunyanwa".
I-vasischev efanayo yeza kwisigqibo sokuba usuku lokuzalwa kweNkosana kufuneka luqwalaselwe iminyaka engama-1090. Ukuba kunjalo, umama wakhe waba sessec, iqabane lokuqala leVladimir Moculokhe. Ngemvelaphi, wayeyinkosazana yesiNgesi, intombi yomkani wokugqibela olawulwa nguKumkani wase-Anglo Harold II.
Nangona kunjalo, i-Gürghev Mati (i-Gaye kaYuri), echazwe "kwi-vladimir Moculoh, ifile ngoMeyi 1107, noGita wasweleka ngentwasahlobo ye-1098. Ke ngoko, ngokomphambukeli, umama wale Sibra 18 wayengumfazi wesibini eMorculo-Efilia.
Oku kuthetha ukuba uYuri dolgorukoruki uvele kwithuba eliphakathi kwe-1095 no-1097. Kodwa akukho luvo lwalo, ke kukholelwa ukuba inkosana yazalwa kwi-1090s.
Ibhunga lolawulo
Omnye umfana uYuri, kunye nomzalwana wakhe, iMstislav yathunyelwa eRostov.
Ukususela nge-1117, iBhodi ezimeleyo yeDolgoruku yaqala. Kodwa ekuqaleni kwe-1130s, wayengalawulekiyo emazantsi, kufutshane ne-Kiev Cacious Kiev. Ezona ziganeko ziphambili kumgaqo-nkqubo wangaphandle nowasekhaya waseYuri Dolgoruko waba ngamaqela okohlula isikhulu.
Ngo-1132, uYuri ubambe iPereyaslavl Russian. Kodwa akakwazanga ukuyilungisa apho ixesha elide - yiveki kuphela eya kungena. Kwisiphumo esifanayo, ukubanjwa kwe-pereyaslavl yathwalwa ngesithsaba ngo-1135.
U-Uright uYuri Dolgoruki uhlala engenelela kwi-transfreight. Wayenomdla okhethekileyo eKiev omkhulu, apho kwakuloo ndlela umtshana wakhe weHysaslav Mrislavovich walawulwa. Ngaphambili, isixeko salawulwa nguyise kaYuri, Vladimir Moculokhe, ngoko inkosana enkulu kangaka i-Istovo ifunelwe ukuthatha itrone enkulu yenkosana. Iinzame ezininzi zokuzama ukwenza i-chargy kiev ezintathu zingqineke zisebenza kakuhle. UKeevans akazange athandane nokubawa kunye nenkohliso.
Okwesihlandlo sokuqala ukuthatha isixeko esinqwenelekayo saseDolGorukuruguchu ilawulwa ngo-1149. UYuri wabetha imikhosi ye-IASLAV yesibini ye-MSTAvich kwaye ifakwe iKiev. Ukongeza, phantsi kolawulo lwakhe kwavela ukuba iitrone ze-torovsky kunye ne-pereyaslav. UMzalwan 'u-Vywov vnylav Voevoda wanika uVergorod.
INKQUBO YOKUGQIBELA YENKQUBO, eyayisekwe kumgaqo wokupheliswa, yaphulwa, ke umzabalazo wetrone yeKievo yaqhubeka. I-Izyaslav ivunyelwene ngama-Polish kunye ne-Hungary Allies kwaye ngo-1150-51 wayibuyisela iKiev. I-vylavlav wenza i-co-cot.
I-Voivye yenza umzamo omtsha wokutyhafisa isixeko. Kodwa idabi laphela ngooyiso oloyikisayo kuMlambo iRuta.
I-raid yesibini yempumelelo kwi-kiev ye-voivode eye yazibophelela kwi-1153. Ukutsalela imvume ye-Grand Duke Kiev Rostislav, wagxothwa kwisixeko saseIassalava. URostislav wade wanika ophumeleleyo isihloko se-Grand Duke Kiev. Kwaye kwakhona ayisebenzi etroneni ixesha elide.
Kodwa inzame yesithathu ithwele impumelelo. Iyoyiswa yiKiev Ubuhlobo ngo-1155, umlawuli wafumana isihloko seNkosana enkulu yaseKiev kwaye ingene apha de kube sekuzeni. Nangona kunjalo, apha ulawulo lwexesha elide alusebenzi: UYuri Dolgoruko usweleke kwiminyaka emi-2 emva koloyiso lweKiev, ngo-1157.
Iminyaka yoLawulo lukaLawulo lwePrince Yuri dolgorukh yayiphikisana. Ubuqhophololo yayinomona, ubuqili bobuqili, ukubawa, kodwa kwangaxeshanye wabizwa ngokuba yi-goove kwaye enobuchule bomkhosi. Abanye abaphandi bamgqala kuzo zonke izidenge, eziphembelele iziphumo zolawulo lwexesha elide. Ukunyanzelwa kwenkosana kubandakanya umanyano noBukhosi baseByzantine (kubandakanya norhwebo), kunye nokupheliswa kwekhontrakthi yoxolo ene-polovtsy, kunye nokuhlala kufutshane kwitrone yeKievo.
Kodwa kwenzekile loo ndoda, ubomi bam bonke babephuphe iKiev, bunxulunyaniswa nesinye isixeko - iMoscow. Inzala iwuthathela ingqalelo uMsunguli wekomkhulu. Ngokutsho kwe-genend, uYuri Dolgoruko ubuyile kwi-kiev kwi-vladimir nasemanzini abona irhamncwa elingaqhelekanga le-shaggy eneentloko ezintathu. Ecaleni kule ndawo, ukuhlaliswa kwe-boyarin kuchka kufumaniselwe i-squint yenkosana kwaye akazange anikeliseni kwiindwendwe ezingalindelekanga. Ukuphendula koku, uYuri dolgorukorukie wathabatha ukubanjwa komkhosi, ngelixa ubulala iqela.
UYuri wayenenceba ngoonyana bakaFeshari, engowokuqala, owayetshatile nonyana ka-Areri Bogoruby, noonyana bakaPetros, nguPeter noYakim. Xa abantakwethu beqela bavula imfihlakalo yokufa kukayise, baya kubulala unyana kaYuri Dolgorukiby - UAndrey. Le nyaniso ichazwe kubomi bePrince bogontuby, eyathi kamva yazukiswa yicawa yaseRussia e-rick.
Ngo-1147, ngolungelelwano, ngokulandelelana kukaYuri, uDolgorukight ngaphandle kwamaNtla asempuma weRussia, kwabekwa indawo yokuhlala, indima yawo yayikhusela imida. Iphakanyiselwe kwinduli kwi-diggy yemijelo emithathu. Yayiyindawo efanelekileyo ye-Wattogs. Ukuhlaliswa kwendawo kuvulwa ukuba yinto entle yobomi kwaye yaqala ukukhula ngokukhawuleza.
Kwi-1147 yeRhuluneli, ukubuya kwiphulo lokuya kuNovgorod, wabhala i-Ally, eCersky Prince Suvyatoslav ofgovich, umyalezo: "Ndikhala kum, mzalwana, eMoscow!". Kule myalezo, iMoscow ikhankanyiwe okokuqala. Emva kwexesha, icramicle itsho inkosana yajika yaba sisiko elininzi, eliqhelene nabo bonke ababathandayo imbali yembali. I-iPakiev ye-iPatiev icacisa ukuba ileta yenkosi yeywona mthombo wokuqala wolwazi malunga nekomkhulu le-Russia. Ke ngoko, i-1147th ithathwa njengomnyaka wesikweli seSixeko.
Kwimeko yembali, kukho inguqulelo, okokuthile esi sixeko sele sikho ngonaphakade xa sikhankanya kunxweme olunamawaka amahlanu eminyaka. Kwisihloko esisebenzisa ingcambu yakudala yaseSlavic: "Mosk", ethi kwizandi "ze-Flint" kunye "nenkanuko" - "fihla". Ngokubanzi, igama lalithetha "indawo yokuhlala" yamatye ".
Ayisiyo kuphela i-moscow ithathelwa ingqalelo "ezelwe" ngale nto ihle. UYuri Dolgoruki osekwe i-DMITROV, ebize le dolophu ezokulala kukaJunior yeVevolod indlwane enkulu, ebhaptiziweyo yi-DMMMY. Kwaye ekuqaleni kwe-1150s, i-voivo yase-Vivoslaslavl-zanxibe i-yuriev-polky. Utshintsho ngexesha lolawulo lwenkosana aluzange lwenziwe. Eyona mpumelelo iphambili kwimisebenzi yezopolitiko yangaphakathi yabalawuli ibandakanya ukwakhiwa kwezixeko, iinqaba kunye neetempile. Ukomeleza amandla eDolgoruki, kukhokelele kwi-mastery yamantla-mpuma kunye nemeko ethobekileyo kwimida yasempuma.
Ngomhla wama-1154, ukunxanelwa koyisa waqala wafika kwiPrince Priya. Wayithimba iRyazan, ibetha ngePrince Rostislav. Ukulawula esi dolophu yayingunyana weDolkhogo - uAndrei Bogoruby. Kodwa bekungakwazi ukugcina iRyazan: URostislav uphumelele inkxaso ye-polovtsy kwaye wankqonkqoza abahlaseli kwiVitoni yabo.
Ngo-1156, umthombo wenkosana waseMoscow wasomeleza isixeko se-moat esinzulu ne-Polico yasePlico. Wabukela unyana wakhe uAndrei Bogoruby.
Hayi kuyo yonke indawo uMgaqo-nkqubo weYuri dolgorukorukie wathiyiswa ngendlela efanayo neKiev. Emantla eRussia, imemori elungileyo yasinda ngaye ngaye. Apha bakholelwa ukuba wabeka amandla amaninzi kulungiselelo lwelizwe laseRussia.
Ngobomi bakhe, umphathi-mkhosi we-Vladimir-in-Kalyazma wenyuka. Kwaye isayinfuywa ishiyekile emva kweLizwe loLondolozo lweNdalo - i-SukerFeral Stadyavl-Zleesg, iBandla laseColsky, iCawe yaseGeorge eVladimir.
Ubomi Buqu
I-Weljet yayitshatile kabini. Umfazi wokuqala kaDolgoruki - intombi ye-Polovtsy Khan Aepea Aenevich. Lo mtshato wakhulelwa yi-vladimir moculokhe, enenjongo malunga ne-Union ukuze womeleze umhlaba nge-polovtsy. Ubomi bobuqu be-Yuri dolgorukorukidukid enesiqingatha iphuhlise ngovuyo. Kule mtshato, abantwana abayi-8 bavela ehlabathini.
Emva kokubhubha kweqabane lokuqala, inkosana itshatile okwesibini. Inkosikazi yayo yaba nguTsarevna Olga, intombi (ngolunye uLwazi-udade) we-Byzantine Emperor Manuel Remin. Ukusuka kwimitshato emibini uYuri dolgorukie, abantwana abayi-13 bazalwa.
Phakathi koonyana bakaYuri Dolgorukoruki odumileyo waza waziwa no-Andrei Bogoruby, owomeleza iRSaulial-Suzdal Russia, eyaba yi-vselod "kunye ne-vselod" ye-vselod "ye-vsevod" eyathi yathatha Ulawulo lolawulo lwentloko. Umzukulwana weVSEVOD III - ALEXANDER NEVSKY-waduma ngenxa yoloyiso lwe-lvnonian kvnings ngexesha le-ice cralles.
Ukufa
Ngo-1157, uYuri Dolgorukigh, wabuyela eKiev, wahamba intombi kaTerilyy emthendelekweni. Ngobusuku ngoMeyi 10, inkosana yaziva igugu. Abanye abaphengululi batyekele ekuthini bakholelwe ukuba i-Helm engathandwayo ityhefu iKievskaya eyazi. Kwiintsuku ezi-5 kamva, nge-15, uMlawuli wafa.
AbaseKieviam abalindilanga ixesha elide. Nge-16 kaMeyi, ngomhla womngcwabo, baphanga intendelezo ye-velmazb eathiyileyo ngabo noNyana wakhe. IKiev kwakhona ithathe ummeli we-crsergogov Davydovich, i-izyaslav isayensi yesithathu.
Nditsho nomzimba womntu oswelekileyo iNkosana yaseKiev ayimvumeli ukuba umngcwabe ecaleni kukayise Vladimir Moculokhe. Ingcwaba lePrince ihlelwe kwenye indawo. UYuri dolgorukoruki wangcwatyelwa kwintsimi yeKiev-Pechersk Lavra-kwiBerestovsky uMsindisi.
Imemori
Ababhali-mbali, benika i-Yuri Dolgarjoruki, bavavanya igalelo lakhe ebalini, obiza uMqokeleli wePrince "wamazwe aseRussia." Iinjongo kunye neenjongo zemigaqo-nkqubo yakhe yayizomelezelwa ngamandla aphambili kwi-Russia onyulu, eyaba negalelo ekunciphiseni kweemfazwe zaseburhulumenteni.
Ilitye lesikhumbuzo uYuri Dolgarukhu kwisikwere se-tern yedolophu - irhafu kwinkosana yomsesi. Umzobo odalwe yiprojekthi s. M. Orlov wasungulwa ngo-1954, nangona isikhumbuzo samenza wamenza uJoseph Stalin ngalo mbhiyozo weminyaka engama-800 ye-MOSCOW. Umfanekiso wenkosana uphumelele ukuba uhlangane, kuba eyona mifanekiso ye-yriy dolgorjorjuki yayingagcinwanga. Kwikhaka, esesandleni segrasodor, ihonjiswe i-george iyoyisile. Kwisihombo, esigqiba kwelokuba isikhumbuzo, imifanekiso yeSlavic Folklore imifanekiso kunye neenjongo zakwantiyo zeza eRussia e-Ruszantium isetyenzisiwe.
Kwaye ngoAprili 2007, umphambili wenyukliya we-Nurgrine olwenziwe kwiRussia. Inqanawa "Yuri Dolgoruki" - enye "iselfowuni" kwilitye lesikhumbuzo kwiGrace.
Kwinkumbulo kaYuri, iDolgoruk idla ngokuvelisa iingqekembe zemali. Babonakala kwisikhumbuzo seminyaka engama-800, emva koko isikhumbuzo seminyaka engama-850 sesiseko sedolophu yaseRussia.
Izibakala ezinomdla kwimbali yePrince Dolgorukie yayizinikele kwiifilimu ezininzi ezibhaliweyo, yaye ngo-1998 itheyiphu yamagcisa "Prince Yuri dolgo dolgoruko" iphume, apho i-Boris Chemids idlale umlinganiswa ophambili.
Imemori
- I-Munders yuri dolgarukhu e Moscow, Dmitrov, Kostroma, Pereslavl-Zaswelky, Yuryev-Polky
- Umfanekiso weNkosana kwiMeddal "kwimemori ye-800 yeminyaka ye-moscow"
- Igama le-Asteroid (7223) Dolgarukij, ivuliwe ngu-Astronomer Lyudmila Karachkina
- Ifilimu "iPrince Yuri Dolgoruki"
- Ukwenza i-nuller subrine "yuri dolgorukid"
- Imoto yeMoscoBILE I-Automobile Toulmoob I-M-2141R5 "UYuri Dolgoruko" kwisiseko semoto "Moskvich-2141"