Biography
U-Luzhkov Yuriy Mikhailovich yipolitiki ekhanyayo ye-Russian Federation, eneminyaka eli-18 ubudala esebenza nguMoscow, ugqirha weeNzululwazi zeShemical, kwiminyaka yakutshanje- umlimi. U-Yuri Mikhailovich wazalelwa eMoscow (umhla wokuzalwa - Septemba 21, 1936), kodwa ebuntwaneni beminyaka esixhenxe eK Konotop - kwiNdlu yoMakhulu wakhe.Ngexesha lokubonakala kwakhe, imeko yakhe kusapho yayiyintlekele. Ukuzama ukuphila, abazali banyanzelwa ukuba basebenze kakhulu: Utata wasebenza kwifama yeTaropolitan Tak, umama wafumana isandla kwisityalo. Ke ngoko, umntwana wagqiba kwelokuba anike umakhulu wakhe kumgca kayise.
Ngo-1953, uYuri Luzhkov, ophumelele kwisikolo seminyaka esixhenxe, wabuyela kubazali eMoscow, apho wagqiba izifundo zakhe kwisikolo sama-529) kwaye wangena kwiZiko. IGubkin.
Ukufundisisa kwakungekho lula, ngakumbi kuba kwakuyimfuneko ukwenza umntu aphile ngokufanayo. Ngexesha leZiko, ugqirha ozayo weekomansi yekhemikhali akwazile ukusebenza njengoJanifal kunye nomthwalo kwisikhululo sikaloliwe.
Kwangelo xesha, izakhono zakhe ezibalaseleyo zentlangano zibonakalisiwe - kwiakhawunti yomfundi ebambe imicimbi yoluntu, umsebenzi oqhubekayo we-komsomol. Kwinqanaba lokuqala lebhayiloji yokusebenza yoLuhlu lwe-kozhkov, luza eKazakhstan - isebenza njengenxalenye yomfundi weqela, esebenzisa intombi enyulu.
Umsebenzi
Ngokukhawuleza emva kokufumana idiploma ye-Luzhkov, Yuri Mikiilovich iba ngumphandi we-Plariki wePlastiki, apho ahamba khona kwintloko yeqela kunye nesekela-intloko yelebhu. Ukuqhubeka kwekhondo lomsebenzi wandanda.
Ngo-1964, uLuzhkov wathabatha kwisikhundla sentloko yeSebe yokuphucula iOfisi yeKomiti yeLizwe ye-Chemistry, emva kweminyaka esixhenxe, iba yintloko ye-ACU yobulungiseleli bayo. Umzi mveliso wase-USSR, waza wangumphathi wecandelo leChimavtomatics ye-Okba. Kungekudala kwabakho ukwanda kwesikhundla soMlawuli we-NGO "HHAVtoMATIK".
Ukususela phakathi 80s, i-LOZHKOV iphinde iguqule kwinkonzo yobulungiseleli, ngeli xesha kwisikhundla sobunkokeli kulawulo lwemina. Kunyaka, uYuri Mikhailovich ucwangciswa kwiYunivesithi yaseMoscow State, apho kuqala abe nguSekela yiNtloko, emva koko afumane indawo kaSihlalo. Ngo-1991, uLuzhkov uba yindawo yorhulumente waseMoscow, enyanisweni, esenza umsebenzi wegrasodor.
USodolophu weMoscow
Ummiselo we-boris yaltsin ekuqeshweni kwe-Luzhkov USodolophu wedolophu yakhutshwa nge-6 kaJuni, 1992. Kwelo xesha lesiphithiphithi, uYuri Mikiilovich waxhasa uMongameli wokuqala waseRussia, waba liqabane lakhe elithembekileyo. Kwizithuba ezinjalo, zahlala ngexesha lentlekele yomgaqo-siseko ngo-Okthobha 1993. Ngo-1996, emva kwayo yonke i-peripentia, waphumelela unyulo lukasodolophu waseMoscow.
Kweli thuba, i-LOZHKOV yalibaziseka kule minyaka ili-14 izayo. Ngeli xesha, uninzi lwenziwa kwidolophu enkulu. Indawo yokurhweba iSixeko inyuke ngamaxesha ayi-1.5 ngenkxaso enkulu yamashishini amancinci. Imakethi yokwakha yangena ekukhuleni, kwaye inani lezinto zehotele inyuke nge-1/4. Kubemi abanomhlaza ophantsi, inkqubo ethi "Umbolo-mboleko wentlalo" waqala ukusebenza, oncedileyo ukufumana izindlu ngexabiso lemali mboleko encitshisiweyo. ISebe loKhuseleko lweNtlalontle lalicwangcisiwe. Qho ngonyaka wadala imisebenzi emitsha kumashishini ashishino.
Ngenkcitho yeengxowa-mali zohlahlo-lwabiwo mali, uYuri Mikhailovich Luzhkov inyusiwe izakhiwo ezitsha zeMoscow State, zixhobise ngezixhobo zanamhlanje zobugcisa kunye nezenzululwazi. Wenza igalelo lakhe kwaye ukuvuselelwa kwezakhiwo zenkolo: Icawe ka-Thlus noMsindisi, isango le-heversi kunye neCaputa. Ngaphantsi kukaYuri, Luzhkov kwenzeka ikonsathi yokuqala yenkanyezi yehlabathi, ukumkani wePhop Music Michael Jackson kwibala laseLuzniki.
Ngomgaqo wonyulo lukaMongameli waseRussia ngo-1999, ngenkxaso kaYuri Luzhkov, ibhlokhi yezopolitiko "- yonke iRussia" yadalwa, i-moscow ye-moscow ekuqaleni kwe I-1990s inikezelwe kwi-moscow. I-Engeny Primakov yaba ngusihlalo weLuzhkov kule ntlangano. Emva koloyiso lweVladimir Spin, ngo-2001, i-OVR yangena kwiqela elithi "United Russia". Kumbutho omtsha, uYuri Luzhkov wagcina iposi yesitulo.
Nokuba yiminyaka emi-6 ngaphambi kokuwela i-prorisa phantsi kolawulo lweRussian Federation, uYuri Luzhkov waphakamisa umbuzo wokubuya kwePeninsula. Emva kwexesha, amazwi kasodolophu waseMoscow malunga ne-crinta kunye neSevastopol yamkelwa njengeprofeta.
Ukurhoxa
Ukugxekwa okokuqala kwemisebenzi yeLuzhkov yeyona filimu "Icala le-capka" kunye "nokuchas 'umthetho", ophuma kwi-Ether "ne" Russia - 24 ekuqaleni kuka-Septemba ngo-2010. Izityholo ezichaphazelekayo inqanaba elongezelelekileyo lorhwaphilizo kunye nokuphucula amalungu osapho eLuzhkov.
U-Yuri Mikilovich wazama ukuqhanqalisa umlambo ombi, ukugalela kwizikrini eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. NgeSergey Neryshkin, wanikezela ngoonobumba u-Mongameli i-DEMITRY MAPDEDVEVV. Nangona kunjalo, impendulo yayinguMmiselo "ekuphelisweni kwamandla ngenxa yokulahleka kukamongameli." Nge-1 ka-Okthobhav, Yuri Mikiilovich, washiya iindonga zeofisi yaseofisini kwaye waphumelela uphawu lokwahlula itshathi yesixeko. USergey Semenovich uSobyanin wanyulwa kwindawo yakhe.
Emva kokurhoxa kwe-Luzhkov, usapho eLondon eLondon, apho iintombi ziyaqhubeka nokufunda eyunivesithi yaseMoscow State, kwaye umfazi uza kuphuhlisa ishishini. Emva kwexesha indawo yokuhlala, usapho lukaLuzhkov lwalshona eOstriya.
Ngo-2012, kwaziwa ukuba uSodolophu wangaphambili waseMetropolitan yinxalenye yeBhodi yaBalawuli e-UFOORGSGSTEZ, kwaye ngo-2013 bahlawulelwa iipesenti ezingama-87 (i-venerer "(i-venerer" (i-Buckwheat). U-Yuri Luzhkov, obe nomdla kakhulu kwezolimo, ngo-2015 wadala eyakhe ifama kwingingqi yeKalinerad, apho, ukongeza kwimfuyo, wakhula ubusika.
"Ukuphela kwe-Opal" yenzekile ngoSeptemba 21, 2016, xa lowo umthetho weVladimir Spin Luzhkov wanikwa i-odolo "ye-merit e-Gatand". Ibhaso, ngokwentengo yokuvunywa kukaYuri Mikhailovices ngokwakhe, waba sisipho sokwenyani kwisikhumbuzo esingama-80. Emva komnyhadala wentliziyo enesilumko, i-Luzhkov ne-Pesn yexesha elide, owayesakuba nguSoscow wambulela uMongameli wokuphuma 'kwixesha elingenasiphelo, ukuntywiliselwa ngo-2010.
I-Aurirstics Yuri Luri Luzhkov ingumnini wemisebenzi kwimbali yaseRussia, chemistry, ezolimo, iSayensi yezopolitiko. Phakathi kweencwadi zamva nje ze-Luzhkov - "I-Trans-Capitasmsm kunye neRussia", "AYINGALULEKILE" Sapiens? "Thumela indalo", "USocrates uhlala esebenzisa iSocrates", "ubunkokeli bengakholelwa.
Ngo-2016, ukusuka phantsi kwepeni, uYuri Luzhkov, incwadi ethi "I-Russia kwi-Crossroads: uDan Xiaopin" uphume i-moids "i-Moneladiilovic" iphuma kwi-Autobiography "moscow kunye nobomi".
Ngo-2018, uYuri Luzhkov wayekho kwi-Putin's Anbugation.
Ubomi Buqu
Ndikunye nomfazi wokuqala, uAleceptina Luzhkov wadibana kwiminyaka yomfundi. Abantwana abadibeneyo abaze. Ewe, kwaye umtshato ngokwawo waphinda wakufutshane. Umfazi wesibini waba nguMarina Mikhailova bahilova, owamnika oonyana ababini - uAlexander noMikhail. Ngelishwa, wasweleka kwiminyaka engama-54 ukusuka kwi-turum engalunganga.
Okwesithathu, ikamva elixhwilwe eYuri mikhailovich ngo-1991, xa watshata uElena batharina. Umtshato wajika womelela, uYuri Luzhkov akasacingi ngeenguqu ebomini bomntu. Emva kokuba emnike iintombi ezimbini (uElena nolga noOlga), uEleni waba ngumfazi othembekileyo kunye neqabane lakho elithembekileyo lomyeni wakhe.
Esi sibini sikhawulelwe ngo-2016 - emva kwekota yenkulungwane emva komtshato. I-Elena Baturina iminyaka eliqela ngokulandelelana ibambe umgca wokuqala we-10 yamabhinqa aphambili eRussia ngokwenguqulo ye-forbes. Imeko yayo yayiqikelelwa kwi-1 yeebhiliyoni.
Ukufa
Ngelishwa, iminyaka ehlonisiweyo kunye nobunzima obuthile (nge-174 cm ukuphakama, i-Luzhkov yafika kwi-94 kg), bazenza ukuba baziva bekwigumbi lokundwendwela kwiThala lencwadi le-MSU. Urhulumente wawumbi kangangokuba abasebenzi beziko lemfundo kuye kwafuneka ukubangela i-ristade.Ngosuku olulandelayo, uYuri Mikilovich wafumana ukufa kwexesha lekliniki, kodwa ihambelana ngempumelelo noogqirha baseMoscow. Ngelo xesha, akazange asongele impilo yakhe.
NgoDisemba 10, 2019, kwaziwa ukuba uYuri Luzhkov wasweleka eneminyaka engama-83. Ngokutsho kuka-Ren TV, owayesakuba nguSoscow wasweleka kwikliniki yaseMunich, apho waphulukana nentliziyo.
Amabhaso
Imisebenzi ye-Luzhkov kwizithuba ezininzi iphawulwe ngamabhaso obuNikelo:
- Indondo "yenkululeko yenkululeko yeRussia" yokukhusela indlu emhlophe;
- I-odolo yembeko yokubuyiselwa kwezikhumbuzo zoyilo zekomkhulu;
- Uku-odola "ukulungiselela umkhosi" -lungiselela ukuxhamla amandla eRussia;
- Ziyalele. A. Kadyrov-malunga nento ebaluleke kakhulu kwiRiphabhlikhi yaseChechen;
UGcino lwakhe luStoreval kunye namaBhaso oluntu, kunye neempawu zangaphandle zomehluko: ukusuka eAlarmenia naseBelaine, eKyrgytan naseMongolia, eJamani neLebhanon.