Biography
URuslanova Lydia Andreevna-ogcobileyo we-RSFSR ye-RSFSR, i-Soviet Cleer, umntu oPhelingi weengoma zaseRussia. Wacula eReokstag xa amajoni eSoviet engena eBerlin, umsebenzi wakhe waba yimodeli yeFolklore yaseRussia ngenxa yabaphambukeli. Ezona zinto zidumileyo ekwenzeni i-Lydia Andreevna: "Wovenki, Valenki", "Katysela", "kwimvula yesitrato".Ubuntwana noLutsha
Imvumi, ethi imvumi eyaziwa njengeLidiya Ruslanov, yazalwa nge-14 (27) ngo-Okthobha 1900 kwintsapho elula elula kwingingqi yeSaratova. Ngokutsho komnye umthombo, igama layo lokwenyani yayinguPraskovyavya, ngokutsho kwabanye - i-Agasya, ngokobungqina babahlobo, elalini wayebizwa ngokuba yiPan. Le ntombazana yayingomnye wabantwana abathathu kusapho lwamakholwa lakudala uLeukini. IPana yayinomntakwabo-Avedy noDade Julia.
Emva kokuqala kweMfazwe yaseRussia yaseRussia, utata kaLeukin waya ngaphambili, umama wasweleka. Ke le ntombazana yeza kumqeqeshi we-orphan, apho imvumi yexesha elizayo ihlawuliswa ngegama negama elitsha kunye nefani. Ndikunye nomzalwana noDade Ruslanov. Intombi yomcudi emva kokuba ifile iLidiya kuphela, igama lalinguligama kuphela eli tyePsuundum.
Italente yaziveliswa eRuslanovaya ebuntwaneni. Ngexesha lokuhlala kwi-Helphan yeHelon Sang ecaweni yecawa. Idatha yelizwi eyahlukileyo yamnceda ebutsheni bakhe ukuze angene kwi-Saratov agcinele, kodwa emva kweminyaka embalwa yokufunda, uLidiya waqonda ukuba izicaka zemfundo zazingenamdla kuye.
Wayengumdlali wokuzalwa wabantu abazaleyo. Ngo-1916, le ntombazana ingudade wenceba yaya ngokuzithandela ngaphambili. Ngexesha leminyaka yemfazwe, wakhonza ngololiwe ococekileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha wayecula ngenxa yenzakeleyo ukuba aphule ukubandezeleka kwabo. Ke into yokuqala yenzeka ebomini bakhe.
Umsebenzi womculo
Ekugqibeleni uLidiya wathatha ubume njengo-1921. Wayenendlela yakhe yokusebenza, umfanekiso wesiko kunye ne-themba elikhethekileyo. Indawo yokuqala yomsebenzi we-Orgrest Orgress njengoko imvumi yayingumdlalo weqonga "kwi-scromovch" eRostov-on-don.Phezulu kwinqanaba leSolo Sloydia aqala ngo-1923, ikona yokuqala yayo yayiphumeleleyo. Kwiminyaka engama-20, i-rislanov yaqalisa ukuqokelela iincwadi kunye nempahla ye-rolk yaseRussia. Usebenzise uncwadi lwemfundo, kwaye impahla njengekonsathi.
Umyeni wesibini womculi wambulala uthando lwayo ngobomi boBohemia. URuslanov wayenomdla ngokuqokelela iipeyinti, i-antique kunye nempahla. Ngelo xesha, iirekhodi ezinerekhodi yelizwi lika-Lydia andreevna uphume kunye nokujikeleza okukhulu kwaye kuphambuka njengeekeyiki ezishushu. Imvumi emkhosini yayithandwa kakhulu.
Emva kokuqala kweMfazwe yaseSoviet-Finnish ngo-1939, iRuslanov yayingaphambili, kodwa sele njengenxalenye yekonsathi. Usebenze kwiimeko ezinzima, kubanda, ngaphandle kweemeko eziqhelekileyo zokuzonwabisa. Ukuze ungaphulukani nelizwi likaLidiya Andreevna asamkela amachiza anjeyo, awafumana igama lesidlaliso "lidchka-spyptocid".
Ke kukho imfazwe enkulu yokuthand 'izwe. URuslanova wawuphinde kwakhona njengenxalenye yekonsathi esebenza ngaphambili. Eli xesha lazisa imvumi kwinyani engaphambili. Uchithe imali yokuthenga iidayimani, ukuphuma, ifanitshala ye-Antique kunye nezinye izinto ezinobuninzi.
Ngo-1942, wabelwa isihloko somculi ohlonelweyo se-RSFSR, ngendlela, kuloo nyaka, isihloko esifanayo nesifumene kunye nomhlobo uRuslaNova - owenza ngaphambili. Kwiminyaka yeMfazwe, imvumi inike iikonsathi ezili-1120. YayinguMdlali waseRussia ngo-1945 ukuya ecula nge-fighters yomkhosi obomvu eBerlin eBerlin eReikstag.
Ruslanov ekupheleni
Kwiminyaka emibini emva kokuphela kwemfazwe, "iyelenqe lasemkhosini" kunye nokuqhelana neMarshal Zhukov ichaziwe kwi-Opil. Phakathi kwazo yayiyintloko yehedy kunye nenkosikazi yakhe. Ngo-1949, uLidia nomyeni wakhe bahluthwa amabhaso, impahla kunye nababanjiweyo. Iingoma zikaRussalav zavalwa. ULidiya Adorvna waphinda wadityaniswa ixesha elide, baza ke bazanywa, bathunyelwa enkampini. Amaxesha amaninzi yayiguqulelwa ukusuka kwenye indawo yokuqukumbela kwenye, inciniba, kubandakanya ubudlelwane bakhe noZhukov.
Kwanasenkampini khange ayeke ukucula, azame ukubamba, nangona wayefumana umgubo wokomoya onzulu ngenxa yehlazo elinamava. Ngo-1950, uLidiya Andreevna wawa kwi-vladimir, apho ngelo xesha eyayikukuqhutywa kweMbamba Zoya Fedorov. Abafazi bafumana ulwimi oluqhelekileyo kwaye bangcangcazela. Kwintolongo yentolono yaseLidiya, uRuslanov wala ukucula, ngenxa yokuba ungene kwikhekhe izihlandlo ezininzi. Ngexesha lokuqukumbela, idlulise kwakhona ukuvuvukala kwemiphunga.
Ngo-1953, emva kokusweleka kukaStalin, uLidiya Andreevna kunye neqabane lakhe iqabane lakhe bahlaziya. Bazigqibela beyinxalenye yepropathi kwaye baqala ukuzama ukuphucula ubomi. Intolongo iye yalungisa impilo yeKryukov naseRuslanova, umzobi wayefuna ukulibala ngendawo. Imvumi yatshintshelwa kakhulu ekuhlazelweni apho yayiphantsi kwelizwe liphela. Indoda yomculi, nayo, ayikwazanga ukubuyela kwimeko yokubandezeleka entolongweni.
Ngenxa yentlalo-ntle yentsapho iRuslanov ibuyele kwinqanaba. Imali efunyenwe kwanele ukuthenga ifanitshala kunye nemoto yendoda yakhe. Emva kokubhubha kwakhe ngo-1959, imvumi icinyiwe zonke iikonsathi kwaye yayizokushiya imeko kwakhona. Kumashumi amathandathu, ilizwi lakhe lidla ngokuvakalisa kwirediyo, idumbulo alizange libe buthathaka. Ngokuthe ngcembe, uLidiya Adoreevna wabuyela kwimisebenzi yekonsathi.
Ubomi Buqu
I-Lidia Ruslanova yobomi bobuqu iqukathabani kwaye iwele. Ixesha lokuqala watshata ngo-1916 kwi-vitaly vikolay vikolaevich stepanov. NgoMeyi 1917, umntwana wazalwa kwisibini. Kukho inguqulelo yokuba umyeni wokuqala wasinda neGypsy, ebambe umntwana. Igama lonyana wakhe uRuslanov waqhubeka eyimfihlo, kunye neenkcukacha zokunyamalala ezithandwayo. Ngokutsho kolunye ulwazi, umntwana wafa, ngaphandle kokuphila kwiinyanga zombini, kodwa yingcamango malunga nale nxalenye yebhayiloji yakhe yayingafuni ukuthetha.
Ngo-2014, kwiNkqubo yeTV "I-ETER ngqo", umhlala-phantsi eKirov, obiza yena ngunyana kaLidiya Ruslanova, wakwazi ukubonisa ubungqina nomvuna wemvumi. Le nyaniso ithetha ukuthanda kukaRuslafova ngo-1917 kusenokwenzeka ukuba yayihlala iphila.
Umtshato wesibini wemvumi wayede. KuNauma Naumin Ruslanov etshatile ngo-1919 eVinnitsa, kwiminyaka emibini intsapho eselula yafudukela eMoscow. Ngokudibeneyo, amaqabane ahlala iminyaka elishumi, ngelixa uLidiya engafuni uqhawulo mtshato. Emva kweminyaka eyi-8, iNapin yacinezelwa kwaye yadutyulwa.
Ngeli xesha, rislanova yayinenye indoda. I-Mikhail Gartavi Artist yayitshatile ngo-1929 kwi-Moscow yaseMoscow yaseMikhail Garkavi. Bahlala kunye iminyaka eli-13, ngelixa uRuslanov wayengenalo uthando olutsha ebusweni kunye nomhlobo uGeorge Zhukov.
Jikelele wentliziyo ebanjiweyo yemvumi yaseRussia ebizwa ngokuba yiVladimir Kryukov. U-Lidiya uqhawule umtshato eGarpavi, kuba andizange ndinyamezele kwaye ndingabakhathali. Eli bhinqa lathi iyasithandazela "kwibhere" yakhe, kodwa intliziyo izele uthando ngomkhosi, njengasebutsheni bakhe. Imvuminisi iphakamise ukuba uKryukov uphawu. Ubukumkani babenentombi eneminyaka esixhenxe yeArgarita, eyathi i-ruslanov yayithabatha njengemvelaphi.
Emva kwemfazwe, bahlala kunye kunye, njengoko kungqinwe ziifoto zovuyo zexesha. Intombi ikhumbula ukuba iLidiya Andreevna isoloko iwathanda ucoceko nentuthuzelo, ilungiswe ngokugqibeleleyo, kwaye ngokuhlwa babenezihlobo ezininzi kunye nabantu abanomdla endlwini.
Ulwalamano olusondeleyo ne-ZHOV lube nemiphumo ebulalayo kwikamva leKryukov nenkosikazi yakhe. Umyeni wesine weemvumi akakwazanga ukuphilisa emva kwentolongo yeminyaka emihlanu kwaye wasweleka ngo-1959. Ukusweleka kweqabane lakho kuphembelela kakhulu rislanov, wayirhoxisa zonke iikonsawu, kwaye unyaka awuzange uvele kwinqanaba.
Iminyaka edlulileyo kunye nokufa
Emva kokusweleka komyeni wakhe, uRuslanov waqalisa ukwenzakalisa kwaye ukhalaza ngentliziyo. Uchithe ixesha elininzi ekhaya ebhedini, kwaye intombi yakhe yayifunda ngokuvakalayo. Xa impilo ivunyelwe, iRuslanov yayihamba neMargarita yethiyetha, yenziwa kwiikonsathi ze-POP. Isihloko sobugcisa babantu uLidiya Akevanga, sasingakhutshwa phesheya. Imeko yempilo yaphantse yabonakala kwilizwi lemvumi, wahlala enemihla, emhle, emncinci kwaye enobomi obugcweleyo.
Ngo-Agasti ka-1973, uRuslanov wathatha inxaxheba kuthotho lweekonsathi ezinkulu, okokugqibela ukudlula eRostov, apho imvumi yaqala khona ukucula kwakhe kwi-1921. U-Lidiya Andreevna wasweleka ngoSeptemba 21, 1973. Unobangela wokufa sisifo sentliziyo.
Emva kokuba i-autopsy, yaziwa ukuba umzobi wobomi bakhe akazange abe ngaphantsi kwesithandathu. Imvumi ingcwatyelwe kumangcwaba e-Novoddevichy eMoscow. Kwakuninzi kakhulu abantu ukuba basebenzise umqulu wakho owuthandayo kwikhondo lokugqibela ukuba intlungu yezothutho evela emangcwabeni kufuneka iyeke.
Imemori
Ngo-2007, ifilimu yoxwebhu "ithole inkohliso iLidiya Ruslanova" ngobomi bemvumi yabantu. Ngo-2008, umdlali wanikwa i-Irkutsk, eyanikelwa kwimemori yeLidiya Andreevna. Nyaka ngamnye, ukhuphiswano lweengoma zabantu lubanjwa kulo lonke elaseRussia, eligama lemvumi elidumileyo, kwaye eVenus kukho i-crater ruslanov. Amanqaku ngobomi kunye nomsebenzi wemvumi aqhubeke nokuvela kumaphephandaba.
Inkumbulo yomdlali wengoma "ye-WHOVKKa, Valenki" ayitshabalali, nangona ilizwi lakhe lingaphantsi kwaye lingavakali kwirediyo okanye i-tester. Ngo-2015, umfanekiso waseRussalar waphuculwa kwangoko kusulelo lokuzonwabisa "ngokuchanekileyo kanye." Ingoma ethi "Valenki, Valenki" yazisa i-bargy divil dunaev, ephinde yazisa kwi-Folk Golder ngaphandle kwaye yakopa indlela yakhe.
Kumdlalo ofanayo, ndilinganisa iRuslanovas izame i-Pop Incride Elena Valonga, yenze ingoma ethi "ekhwela esikhepheni." Kwiminyaka engamawaka amabini, ngokulandelelana kweendlela zeTV eziphambili zaqala ukuba zifakwe kwi-futopics ngobomi bamagcisa abalaseleyo kunye namaxesha omaxesha aseSoviet. Isazisi sika-Lydia Andreevna sizisiwe kwiqela labo ("UZoya", "LwadmiliLa", "Zhukov") I-Iros Iros Morozova.
I-Discography:
- Ngo-1996 - I-Lydia Ruslanova
- Ngo-2000-ukumkanikazi wengoma yaseRussia
- Ngo-2001 - abadlali abakhulu baseRussia benkulungwane ye-XX. Lidia ruslanova
- Ngo-2002 - iingoma zaseRussia. Ukurekhoda ngo-1930-40s
- 2007 - amagama kuwo onke amaxesha. Lidia ruslanova