Imbali yomlinganiswa
Eyona laliin iphambili yoncwadi lwaseFransi kunye ne-famamos fanmas itshintsha i-larva njengegloves. I-Antagonist, hayi i-broger ibulala abantu ngeendlela ezinobunkunkqele. Ulwaphulo-mthetho oluhle kakhulu ongenakwenzeka ukuba ubambe. Uhlobo lweenoveli zeMarseille Allen noPierre Suventra baba yinye yeevili zangaphambili, befihla ubuso bakhe phantsi kwemaski.Imbali yendalo
Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane edluleyo, iBellerristrrists yaseFelle iArcel Allen noPierre Suventr baqala ukusebenza kuthotho lweencwadi malunga netyala elikhohlakeleyo nengaqhelekanga. Ababhali bafeze iminyaka emibini ngaphambi kokuba - i-jeentali edumileyo iFeventr yayifuna ukhangela uNobhala. I-Allen Diredtance yayigqibelele kule ndima, ephulukene nelifa likayise, ifuna umvuzo ongezelelweyo.
Njengababhali kamva kamva, babemanyene ngumthetho ombi wokuziqhelanisa nexesha elidlulileyo kunye nokungakwazi kwepeni yobugcisa. Amadoda asamkela isicelo se-fayra bhala iinoveli ezintlanu, imbono yakhokelela kwimiqulu engama-32.
Umsebenzi wokuqala wabona ukukhanya ngo-1911 kwaye wavelisa umqukumbelo kwimijikelezo yoluntu yokufunda. Nangona ababhali bengazange bakhuphele ibhayisekile, umfanekiso waseFanmas wakhumbuza ulwaphulo-mthetho olubonakalayo, umlinganiswa wencwadi ethi "Imfihlakalo yegumbi eliphuzi". Kwaye iyelenqe lomsebenzi wokuqala owenziwe lintatheli intshabalalo iqhubele umsebenzi wombhali weGaston Lero.
Igama lomlinganiswa ophambili lalingekho mthethweni. UAllen wambiza ngokuba yi-fansomuus, kwaye umshicileli wafundwa ngokungachanekanga- fanmomas. Ishiywe.
Itekhnoloji yokubhala engaqhelekanga yeenoveli zenze ukuba ababhali bakhulisa kakhulu kwaye baququzelele umsebenzi wabameli beshishini lefilimu. I-Suvent no-Allen zakhutshwa kwiNcwadi ngenyanga. Ngaphambi kokubhala ivolyuyi elandelayo, badibana ukuze baxoxe ngamanyathelo awona manqanaba aphambili kwiyelenqe, kwaye emva koko wabhabha kwaye wabhala izahluko zazo nganye. Kwintlanganiso elandelayo, bazama ukunxibelelanisa ngokwesiseko somsebenzi wabo kwinkqubo ye-pillmimonce.
Isantya sokubhala, kunjalo, sichaphazele umgangatho wemisebenzi yoncwadi. I-L LYIAPI, iimpazamo zesitayile-into eqhelekileyo kuluhlu lweenoveli malunga ne-fanmas. Kodwa i-binema yayivuya-kwakungekho ngxaki ngokukhululwa kweendlela, kwaye ke ngoko ukuhamba rhoqo kwengeniso.
Ngo-1914, uPierre Suventr wasweleka 'kwiSpanish "(uhlobo lwe-influenza), kwaye uMarsel Allen kwafuneka aqambe amabali malunga ne-Edvents ngemaski yedwa. Ngenxa yoko, uthotho lukaRomanov lungengeze ezinye iincwadi ezili-11. Le yokugqibela yapapashwa ngo-1963.
Imifanekiso kunye nebhayiloji
I-etymology enegama emva kokuba umlinganiswa uchazwa njengoMntu we-phantom. I-fanmas kwiinoveli ivela kunye ne-faces enobuqili, enobuchule obunandipha iindlela zokubulala. Indoda efihla imaski yokwenene inetalente yokuvela ngokutsha. Ngokwesiqhelo yenza iimeko ezimnyama ngokomfanekiso wexhoba lazo okanye phantsi kwegama labantu abanqwenela ukufaka endaweni.
Kwindlela yokutshabalalisa, kukho i-sulfuric acid (ibhotile enolwelo ithatha indawo yezixhobo), i-razor blades (ifumaneka kwizihlangu kwivenkile yezihlangu), i-uqhus isuswe sisibetho. Ukusweleka kwe-antagonist akuthathi phantse kuyo yonke incwadi athi uthanda ubomi, kodwa kwakhona kwakhona.
I-biography yokuqala yomlinganiswa ifihlakele kwaye igutyungelwe yimfihlo, njengoko ibeka ubomi be-phantom. Lo mfanekiso uqhubeka neenkozo. Iqhawe eliphambili le-Noveli yaseFransi lazalwa ngo-1867, eneminyaka engama-29 ubudala phantsi kwegama lase-Ertzgerzog Jorta-I-Saimar eJamani. Apha ndinendlalifa eVeladimir, kwaye kamva ndangena ebaleni lokujonga amapolisa kwaye ndichulumancile ukuba ndisentolongweni.
Kodwa sele ngo-1895, i-fanmas ihlala eIndiya, apho intombi yakhe awazalwa kuyo. Kwiminyaka emibini kamva, i-astagonist iwela eMexico naseMelika yokwaphula imicimbi yeqabane lakho. Ngasekupheleni kwenkulungwane, umlinganiswa, ukwabela igama elithi Gerna, ukulwa e-Afrika, apho uMaudo Madrid, umfazi weNkosi uEdwar. Ndifundile ngeqabane lomfazi wenkosikazi ye-fantôms. Le minyhadala iphambi kokumisela inoveli yokuqala.
Ezi ncwadini, abantu abavini bazama ukujongana nomphenyi wePhepha, kunye ne-imeyile yephephandaba elithi "capital", abenzanga, ezakhayo uHelen othandekayo.
I-Dentôs kwiscreen
Iincwadi ze-allen noSuventra zasinda kwinani lezihlangu. Eyokuqala ye-phantomos kwi-phanmas kwi-cinema yathatha ubuhlakani kwe-binema ye-cinem ethuleyo louis fead, inika iifilimu ezintlanu kumbukeli. Kwiparaka, isilinda kunye nesiqingatha semaski emnyama esiyintloko. Kumfanekiso ngamnye, ubuso bomlingisi butshintshile ngoncedo lwe-grima.
Ngexesha lokususela ngo-1930 ukuya ku-1940, umhlaba wabona imveliso engakumbi. Indima ephambili (phantomas kunye ne-Zhuva) zenziwa nguJean Gallan noTom Burdel, uMaurice Taynak no-Alexander Rinho. Nangona kunjalo, iiribhoni bezingazange zidume kwaye zibanda kakhulu.
Kodwa iguqulelo lomlinganiso lolwaphulo-mthetho lolwaphulo-mthetho oluhle, lwenziwe ngesandla esilula sika-Andre Sambelela ngo-1964, yaba luthotho lwemveliso yaseFrance. Impumelelo yomfanekiso ityhalele uMlawuli ukuba idubula ngakumbi iifilimu ezimbini. I-Trilogy ibandakanya:
- Fanmas (1964)
- "Phantom ivele" (1965)
- "I-fanmas chasm-yards" (1967)
Abadlali kunye neendima zasasazwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo. I-phantomas isuti, uJean Mare, owayefanele anxibe i-fapup eluhlaza okanye imaski yerabha- kwaye enye yayingunobangela wezinto ezimangalisayo. I-Actress Mhonzier idlala ubuhle bukaHelen, kwaye uLouis De Fühnes waba yidayimani yomsebenzi wejenali yejenali yejenali inoncumo.
Abalinganiswa basebenzise i-tetricican engathandekiyo kangange-60s, ekuchitheni amagorha egadasi kunye nezixhobo ezinzima. Umzekelo, "iZaporozhets" i-vamin ijika ibe yinqwelomoya.
Ukuthandwa kwe-trilogy kumasikishi baseSoviet akubanga ngaphantsi kwengqukuva yangaphandle. Ulwaphulo-mthetho olunobunkunkqele lwaba yi-kubur yamakhwenkwe - emva kokubukela imovie, badala imidlalo apho i-fanmas ivela khona. Lowo wayifumana eyona ndima iphambili, epeyintiwe ubuso bepeyinti eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Kwaye kwi-fan fan fan fanmas ngaphandle kwe-rima kunye nemaski evelise i-Indelffiction i-Inded-Amakhulu amawaka abalandeli kwilizwe laseSoviet bavela kwi-jean enomtsalane uJean.
Ngo-2008, abalawuli baseRussia bazama ukukhulula ukuqhubeka kwezinto zetrikhi yesiFrentshi, apho iziganeko ziphila kwiminyaka emininzi kamva. Kwiseti ye-Ivan Thandeli (Yuri Saltykov), Rock Munh Alexander Liver, Atorist noMlawuli uNikolai Kopeikin.
Kwixesha elizayo, mhlawumbi abalandeli basePintomos baphinde bahlangane nesithixo. Umlawuli waseFransi waseChristoph Gan ngo-2010 ugqibe kwelokuba akhulule uhlobo olulandelayo lweenoveli malunga nobusika obungaphezulu, kodwa iprojekthi ikwimeko yomfanekiso ngaphandle kokuvumelana nabavelisi. Kuphela ziinkcukacha ezingatyhilwanga: Ifilimu iya kushenxiswa kwi-3D, kwaye iindima ziya kwenziwa nguJean Drenault naseVolsen Ksselse.
Iinyani ezinomdla
- IMarseille Allen ngaphambi kokuqala komsebenzi wokubhala yayiligqwetha, kodwa ke bekungamiswanga. Elona tyala elingaphumelelanga yayilityala lokuxoxwa kwenkampu, icele ngengozi ukuba ife. I-celprit, eyathembisa uAllen, yanika isigwebo sentolongo ephezulu. UMarseille wayebandakanyeka kwi-adventure enomdla, ebeka inqaku kwingoma yakhe esemthethweni. Lo mfana egameni lephephandaba isebenzise umthetho wegqwetha ukuba lingene kwigumbi lokugxekwa elidumileyo.
- U-Andre wangenavalelwa ukususa enye ifilimu ebizwa ngokuba yi "fanmas eMoscow", kodwa iqhekeza lezizathu ezaphukileyo. Enye yazo-Mare khange ifune ukubeka imaski yerabha ngaphezulu kwaye idlale kwi-facupe engafakwanga.
- I-Helen Actress Milen Demonimo nge-1960s, i-Dardeaux eBordeaux eBordeaux, isihloko seyona nkwenkwezi intle kamabonwakude.
- I-Soviet Union "itshintshiselana" ifilimu "uAnna Karena" ngasekunene ukubonisa amakhasethi e-fanmas. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba ufike kumbukeli waseRussia, i-riclor ye-French iye yangena kwilungelo lokubeletha.
- I-Homedy Andrere engafakwanga kudweliswe uluhlu lweenkokheli zentsimbi eziqengqeleka eRussia, wakwazi ukutsala ababukeli abazizigidi ezingama-45.5.
- I-fanmas isebenza njengeqhawe elincinci kwiimarike zeeprojekthi zefilimu. ERussia, ibonakala kwisiqendu sepeyinti "amadoda asixhenxe amadala kunye nentombazana enye", "abaphangi abadala". Nakwincwadi yeNicholas Nolov "Dunno enyangeni" yakha isixeko esibizwa ngokuba yi-fantômas.
- ERostov-on-don, iqela leqela laseTelltophathy lenziwa. Ukudibana kwabaphangi kwathiwa "phantomas" ngenxa yokuba abaphuli mthetho ngexesha lomsebenzi babekwa ebusweni bezitshixo ezimnyama.
Iikowuti
"Ubhubhile kwaye akasafuduswa" - enye yeeflethi zencwadi yencwadi yaseFrance. "Undibizele i-Bumler Buler. Mna, isidalwa esihle, esichwayitileyo! Ewe, ndiyakuthanda ukubulala, kodwa ndiyayenza ngoncumo. "Ukuthozama luphawu lwengqondo, ndabathanda ngoko nangoko." Abanye abafazi bayabathanda kakhulu baziqonde njengentyatyambo. Abanye bayabathanda ukuba baphumelele kwaye baguqa ngamadolo. Kwaye kukho abo bafuna ukoyikiswa kubo. "" - bendikwisihlandlo sokuqala neyokugqibela wayiphindisa le bhli.-Kwindawo yokwamkela eScotland, i-aristocrats ibeka i-kilt.ASIYENZI, NOKUGQIBELA NE-TUXEDO!
-Ndifunde kwisikhokelo elizweni. Kukho emnyama ngokumhlophe obhaliweyo "
-Angathethi. Mnyama kwi-Whitem White yi-tuxedo! Ndiyeke ndedwa!
Hlekisa
Ukufa jikelele de gaullele uthi:- Yenza umnqweno wam wokugqibela: Ndifuna ukubona ii-fanmas ngaphandle kwemaski.
Jikelele yayingenguye umntu onokwala. Onke amapolisa athatha inxaxheba, umkhosi wonke. Ekugqibeleni, bakhokela kwiiPhantomos, kodwa kwimaski. Ngokubanzi iyalela:
-Khulula imaski.
- Vumela wonke umntu ahambe.
Wonke umntu oshiyekileyo, kwaye ii-fanmas zasusa imaski. Wamjonga, jikelele uthe iinyembezi:
- Ewe ... ndilukhula, vasily ivanovich ...
-Iminyaka ihamba, - phantom waphendula. - Ewe, kwaye wena, Peka, hayi oselula.