Imbali yomlinganiswa
I-Hamlet ngumbono we-British Classic ye-William Shakespeare ye-Britic Classic. Namhlanje, iqhawe lomdlalo lithathelwa ingqalelo omnye wabalinganiswa abaziwayo nabangaqondakaliyo boncwadi lwehlabathi. Izithsaba zoncwadi ezahlukeneyo zanamhlanje zizibuza ukuba inkosana yasePrish yaseDanish yagutyungelwa okanye yayinomdla kwimibono engaqhelekanga, yayinomdla kwimbali yakhe, inkcazo yembonakalo. I-Shakespearer iqhawe iphakamisa imibuzo engapheliyo kwincoko kunye ne-monogues, ucinga malunga nendawo oya kuyo, bonakalisa uthando oluhlwayekileyo.Imbali yendalo yempawu
Ukufunga i-william shakespeare, isebenza kwimidlalo yeendawo zokudlala zenziwa kwisiseko sedrafy ekhoyo. "I-Hamlet" ayizange ihambelane nenkulungwane yesi-7, i-Danish Cusson Grammar irekhodwe ngeNqaku lePrince Hamlet (kwi-Okwentla, inxenye ye-ADEDLE), eyinxalenye ye-ARMEAV.
Ngokutsho kwakhe, okokuqala kunye nomlinganiso wesiNgesi sokudlala (cebisa ukuba yayinguThomas Kid) wasonga umdlalo, kodwa wawungagcinwanga kude kube semini. Ngezo ntsuku, ihlaya laya malunga "nemfumba yeemfumba zasasaza i-mogic of moged."
Kwithuba le-1600-1601, uShakespeare ucombulula nje umsebenzi woncwadi. Ukusuka kumthombo ophambili waseScandinavia, umsebenzi wembongi omkhulu wahlulwa ngu-Olcvas kunye nentsingiselo ye-ARDVAs kunye nentsingiselo: Umbhali ugxothe ugxininiso kumlo ophambili.
Ngexesha lobomi be-shakespeare kuhlobo lwentlekele, iimpapasho ezintathu ziye zaqubisana. Nangona kunjalo, abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba bonke badalwa ngaphandle kwemvume yombhali kwaye bathathwa njenge "pirates", kuba ezinye iibhulethi zirekhodwa ngokupheleleyo kuye, ngelixa ientetho zabanye abalinganiswa zimelwe kakuhle, okanye azikho Zonke. Inyani yile yokuba abapapashi bahlawule abadlali ngeetekisi zemidlalo, kodwa iHyserie yayinokuvelisaza amazwi abo kuphela kwimveliso.
Uvandlakanyo lwencwadi kade luye lwakwazi ukwenza itekisi epheleleyo yentlekele. I-farince yanamhlanje yomdlalo kwiZenzo kunye neZenzo ayisiyombhali. "IHamlet" yaguqulelwa izihlandlo ezininzi eRussia. Imisebenzi ye-mikhail lozinsky kunye ne-boristenak ithathelwa ingqalelo kwiinguqulelo ezidumileyo zentlekele eyaziwayo yeShakespeare. Elokugqibela umsebenzi osemgangathweni ngolwimi lobugcisa obuqaqambileyo.
Umfanekiso kunye ne-biography ye-hamlet
Entliziyweni yeyeleyibhile yomdlalo unxanelwe ukunxaxha kweNkosana yeDenmark yenza inkosi yaseDenmark, uClaudia, ukubulawa kukayise. I-Hamlet ifike kwiDyunivesithi yaseWrightberg yomngcwabo katata. Kwangelo xesha, izihlobo zakwa-rince eziphethe ubukhuni ebusuku zidibana nesiporho, zibiza umlawuli ofileyo. Abafana bayazisa ngale hamlet, kwaye kungekudala i-Hetro ibona ngokwakhe.Umfana olawula ukuthetha nesithunzi sasebusuku, okwazi oku kulandelayo: Ukumkani uCoudius uClaudius xa umlawuli waphumla ngoxolo egadini. Ghostmthandazela unyana ukuba aziphindezele kuye. I-Hamlet igqiba kwelokuba yenza ngathi uphambene ukuzisa uMalume kumanzi acocekileyo. Kwangelo xesha, umlinganiswa uyaqhubeka esenza lusizi malunga nokuphulukana notata, ukubandezeleka kwakhe kukhuthaza ukungcatshwa kukamama, uGertrudida - ngokukhawuleza emva kokusweleka komntakwabo uClaudia.
Owokuqala ukukrokrela ngobuqhetseba sikaHamat waqala u-Ophheli, intombi ye-ponia, ekhonza ukumkani omtsha. Kungekudala iindaba ezihlanya yinkosana, noClaudia. Kodwa inkosi akulula ukuyichitha, uthumela abahlobo bomfana-iRosenCrana kunye neGuillant-fumanela ukuba umtshana mtshayini. Injongo ye-hemrade etyiwayo yeHamlel ityhila, ke iyaqhubeka nokudlala ngaphandle.
Ukufika kwesixeko samagcisa kuqinisekisa iqhawe kwi-"uqinisekiso" elitsha letyala likaClaudia. I-Hahamt ibuza i-gouupe efakelweyo kwi-"Mouserrap" imibongo yesincoko sakhe malunga nokubulawa kukaKumkani umninawa wakhe. Umyeni kaRrdruda obekho ekumbonakalisi akakwazi ukumela ukhokelo ngqo kwityala kwaye ayeke iholo yemidlalo yeqonga, ngaloo ndlela akhupha ityala. I-Prince Hamt imbongoza ukumkanikazi, wabanjwa kukuziphatha koNyana. Ngexesha lokuncokola, ngempazamo uthatha i-polonium efihliweyo kukumkani, aligcule ikrele lakhe.
Usothukile kukubulawa kukaYise, uLatet ufike eParis. Ekhaya, abantu abaselula balindele enye into yokumangaliswa-uyaphambana ngodade wabo Opilia. UKreudius uthatha isigqibo sokutshabalalisa iHamlet ngezandla zomsindo, owenziwe yimbono enobuchule: Inzala ye-Porloria iya kudibana nenkosana egumbini, apho uya kumbulala ngekrele elinetyhefu.
Ngaphambi komlo, umlawuli wokunyaniseka ubeka ikomityi ne wayini netyhefu kwitafile ukuba isele isiselo esiya kwiHamlet. Ngale ntetho, yayiyenzelwe ukuba ife yonke: Lahedt yenzekile utshaba, xa itshintsha iPrimo kunye nokumkani, uKumkanikazi, uKumkanikazi wasela wayila i-ini.
Xa uhlalutya umsebenzi wolwaphulo-mthetho loncwadi unika uphawu olukhethekileyo lwegorha. Owona mlinganiswa uphambili wentlekele iba yinto emnyama, kuba ukuhlala ugqirha wephila, ngelixa ugcina imbeko, kuluntu olunjalo alunakwenzeka. Ngokutsho kweCeonics, uhlobo lobuntu lwe-hamlet yindawo yokuziphatha yendlela yokuziphatha: i-goduous ethandekayo inothando ityekelekile kwiimpikiswano ezingapheliyo, amathandabuzo kunye neengxaki zehlabathi lonke. Ngaba siya kubuzi ukuba abantu bafanele ukonwaba, yintoni injongo yobomi, ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba kuphelise ububi.
Uluntu, indoda etsha, ithuthunjiswa yimfuno yokuziphindezela. Kodwa izigqibo zinikwe iHamt kunye nobunzima, kuba aziqinisekanga ukuba umhlaba uza kutshintsha ube ngcono ngokumka kwe-claudia. Ewe, kwaye ukubulala kwamsa kunye nabo bakwi "icala elimnyama". Iqhawe lilinde ukuphoxeka okuqhubekayo, nokuba luthando. Uza kwisigqibo sokuba umntu usisidalwa esibuthathaka phambi kobubi. Ayinakukwazi ukwamkela okungekho sikweni, kodwa ukufumana imikhosi yamanyathelo aqinisekileyo kungalula.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo yentanda-bulumko ye-gamletta yintlekele yomntu ophakamileyo ungqubana noluntu apho ubuxoki, ukungcatsha kunye nohanahaniso luyachuma. Impikiswano yenkosana ithetha ngomzabalazo wangaphakathi, iqhawe liyaphula phakathi kwetyala kunye neWahlaba leHlabathi. Kunye ne-monologue edumileyo "ukuba ingaba" ayibonakali nje imbamba yawo onke amaxesha: Kulula ukwamkela ngelishwa kwaye uqhubeke ukuphila okanye uyeke uxolo lwengqondo. Umcimbi wokukhetha uthandwe ngaphambili: kulwa nokungabikho kokusesikweni okanye ukungasebenzi.
I-Hamlet kwiifilimu kunye nokudlala
Inani lezikhululo zomsebenzi zeqonga kunye nefilimu zomsebenzi ongafiyo awunaxanduva. Umfanekiso wokuqala we-Shakespeare Hamlet wakhutshwa iRichard Barberd Arbedzh kwi-London Globast Theatre ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yeXvii. Kwi-cinema, iHamlet yavela ngo-1907 - i-French Georges inika ifilimu emfutshane enkulu kubaphulaphuli.
Ngo-1964, iGrigori Kozintsev isuse idrama ye-sterlene ezimbini, enyula kwindima ephambili ye-Innotsia engapheliyo i-Inzkintia Scoktunovsky. Iminyaka eli-10 ubudala ngaphambi kokufihlwa kwe-Kozesev Beka umdlalo kwindawo yemidlalo yeqonga. I-Pungkin, kwaye wadlula ngempumelelo. Isikrini sasilinde ukuthandwa okufanayo. Ukwazisa ngombono wefilimu, umlawuli ngokukhawuleza wagqiba kwangoko kwi-hamlet. Nangona kunjalo, abadlali ngendima yabanye abadlali bangenzi ndlela italente ye-smktunovsky. U-Ophelia wadlala i-fragile anastasia veertinskaya, i-claudia - mikhail nazvanov, gertruda - Elsa Rodzin.
Ngo-1990, uFranco DzeFirelli wazisa ingxelo yakhe yekati, apho inkosana idlale i-mel gibson. Iphethwe nguKenneth Bhokan inike abaphulaphuli ngo-1996 umdlalo womdlalo, othetha kunye nomntu ophumeleleyo kwindima ye-Hamlet. Kwifilimu yaseBritane ngo-2009, uluntu lwalubonwa kumfanekiso wenkosana yomculi weDanish David Toning.
Ukusebenza kuka-2013 "I-Hamlet | Ikholaji yomlawuli waseKhanada Robert LePage iloyisile uluntu kunye no-on-oge, ukuba sisipikili semidlalo yethiyetha yezizwe. Into engaqhelekanga yomsebenzi kukuba yonke imifanekiso ye-Exboding Mironov, kwaye itekhnoloji e-3D ye-3D yafakwa ngokomsebenzi. Umdlali weqonga uyawukhulisa umhlaba, ukutshintsha kwangoko imifanekiso yabalinganiswa abaphambili. Ababhali bendlela yokuseta bakwazile ukuba badibane ngokuhambelana namaqhinga besekethe kunye noopopayi, baqiniswa ngumdlalo oqaqambileyo. I-biegraphy ye-gamletta yenziwa utshintsho olubalulekileyo.
Ulonwabo lweesaterons zesiNgesi ngo-2015 kubangele ukusebenza ngeBenedic Cumberbatch. Kwintwasahlobo yango-2016, kwi-St. Petersburg imithi yemidlalo yeDeterma yeDrama, ingonyamakazi "yazisa" i-hamlet "entsha, apho umfanekiso weprint yeprint ifakwe kwinqanaba le-Danil Kozlovsky. Umlawuli wahlaziya iingcinga ze-hamler kunxano olunxano lokubuyisela ubulungisa ukuze uphinde ukubonakaliswa kwayo ecocekileyo. Lo mfana ubonakala ngathi ngumbulala otyhafileyo. U-Ophelie uPhetha uElizabeth Brashasa. Ngo-2018, i-TeetpostAnovka yemidlalo ye-Shakespied, apho kwindima ye-Hamlet - Andrew Scott.
Iinyani ezinomdla
- Indima ye-Hamlet yeyona inde kakhulu kwimidlalo yeShakespeare. Umthamo wesicatshulwa esivela emlonyeni wakhe yimigca ye-1506. Ewe, kwaye ngokubanzi, intlekele inkulu kuneminye imisebenzi yombhali-yawoluliwe amawaka ama-4 amawaka imigca.
- Ngemvelo yombhali, le ntlekele yayilibali malunga nokuziphindezela kwegazi. Kwaye kuphela ekupheleni kwe-Xviii kwinkulungwane, uJohann Goete wajika umbono womsebenzi - wabona umntu ophambili hayi umveli, kodwa ummeli wendlela yokucinga yexeshana.
- Ngo-2012, umlinganiswa wathatha indawo yesibini kwincwadi yeGuinness yeGuinness kwi-Roquency yeNdlela yokuNgenya-Ncwadi phakathi kwabantu kwiimuvi nakumabonwakude (kwiinkokheli zajika zaba yi-Sherlock Holmes).
Iikowuti
Ininzi indalo, umhlobo wam ongumhlobo, engazange aphuphe izilumko zethu. Ewe, abafazi bethu, unegama elinguGorique! Ungaseli wayini, gertruda!I-Bibliography
- 1600-1601 - "Hamlet"
I-filmography
- Ngo-1964 - "Hamlet" (i-USSR)
- 1990 - "Hamlet" (United Kingdom, France)
- 1996 - IHamlet (United Kingdom, United States)
- Ngo-2009 - I-Hamlet (United Kingdom)