Biography
ERussia, awuyi kufumana umntu ongaqhekanga umsebenzi ka-Edrensky. Ubomi bam bonke, le ndoda yanikezela ebantwaneni kunye neendlela zokubenza bonwabe. Kwaye, ngokuqinisekileyo, akukho bantu kwiRussia Federation engayiboni iikhathuni ezenziwe ngokusekwe kwiincwadi zikaEduard Nikolaevich. Ifanelekile i-folk yokuqonda kunye nokuthanda umbulelo kwimisebenzi egqwesileyo ebonisa amaxabiso afanelekileyo kwifom eqondakalayo nenokufikeleleka.Ubuntwana noLutsha
I-biography ye-Eduary Nikolayevich yaqala ngoDisemba 22, 1937 e ye yegogovsk. Abazali babengenalo ulwalamano lwendlela yokubhala. Utata uNikolai Mikhailovich wasebenza njengogqirha we-filmologist kwisebe elizingelayo lekomiti ephambili yeCPU, ke kukho izilwanyana ezininzi endlini.
Umama ngemfundo yayiyinjineli yokwakha womatshini. Ukongeza e-Edik, abanye abantu ababini bakhuselwa entsatsheni, uMdala u-Igor noJr. Yuri. Ngobuzwe, utata wengcinga yayingumYuda, kwaye umama ungumRashiya.
Xa uEduardo wafumana iminyaka eli-10 ubudala, utata othandwayo uphume ebomini bakhe, abantwana bashiywe nonina. Intsapho yayihlala kwigumbi elisezantsi kwi-Kutovsky.
Kwiminyaka engaphaya kwe-Edik ros najor boy. Umntwana akazange akhathalele, ngoko "ucocekile" ukusika ezimbini kwidayari yebala. Inkxaso embi yemali echaphazelekayo: Emva kokubulawa kukaBawo, usapho lwaphila kakubi. Kodwa ngayo yonke le nto, kule meko, njengomntwana, umbhali wexesha elizayo waphupha ngomsebenzi womphathiswa okanye umfundisi.
Nje ukuba uEdward waphula umlenze wakhe wangena esibhedlele. Emva koko inkwenkwe yacela umama ukuba eze neencwadi zezifundo aza aqala ukuzibandakanya. Kungekudala, ukusebenza kokuphuculwa, kwaye lo mfana uphela ngabagwayili ukuba boyise kwi-Olimpiyads. Ngokukodwa umfana olungileyo wanikwa iMathematics.
Imfundo ka-USpensky ifunyenwe iphezulu kwiZiko lokuHamba leMoscow. Emva kokufunda, waya kusebenza njengenjineli, kwaye ngexesha lakhe elikhululekileyo laqalisa ukuqalisa iimeko namabali abantwana. Inzala ebuncinane, wayesebutsheni bakhe: esikolweni lo mfo wayengabacebisi abasisigxina kwizinto ezinabafundi abancinci abaye baxhasa iimbombo zabantwana ezihlekisayo. Imfundo yaseyunivesithi le ndoda idityaniswe nendalo kunye nokubamba iiCabag zabafundi kunye neentetho zeklabhu yasekhaya kwaye zinobuchule.
Ixesha elifutshane, lisebenze ebutsheni obukhethekileyo, i-USpensky yaqala ukubandakanyeka kuphuhliso lomsebenzi wombhali. Ndabhala amabali nemibongo yabantwana, kodwa bapapasha ngokungaqhelekanga. Imizobo ehlekisayo kunye namabali e-Eduard ngebhloko ye-satira yayifunwa kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, umbhali akafuni kuphuhlisa kule ndlela.
Akukaziwa ukuba kwenzeka njani eyona misebenzi ibalaseleyo ukuba i-Crators yeekhathuni ayizange inikezele kubo. Enkosi kumzekeliso obonakalayo wemibhalo ye-ospensky, kwafunyanwa udumo lwehlabathi.
Ubomi Buqu
Intsapho ihlala iphefumlela umbhali, ngakumbi ekudalani abalinganiswa abazilindeleyo. Umbhali wasungula i-shapokyak eqaqambileyo nengalunganga, ekhumbula iRima yomfazi wakhe. Ngokutsho kombhali odumileyo, iqabane lahlulwa lingozi. Nangona uqhubeka emfanekisweni, ukho ezinye zeempawu ezingathandekiyo zombhali ngokwakhe.Ukukhala kwentombi yabantwana kuqala komthombo wegama laseCheburashka, kwaye kamva imbali yonke yolu phawu. Iqhawe laba lelifakazi; Wayethandwa ngabahlali belizwe eliphuma kwelanga, emva koko waba luphawu lweRussia kukhuphiswano lwezemidlalo.
Ubomi bombhali bombhali bekungekho lula. U-Edlly Uspensky watshata kathathu. Kumtshato wokuqala, owathi wafunda iminyaka eli-18 ubudala, wayenentombi yeTatyana uTutinskaya, onosapho lwayo kwaye onike ipopu kuMzukulwana kaEdward. Ukususela kwimanyano yesibini, umbhali wahlala abantwana - iintombi ezimbini ezibini, esitshatileyo esitshatileyo.
Okwesithathu uEdward Nikolayevich utshatele umzekeliso weTV odumileyo - inkosi yombhali yaba yi-Eleonora Fillin. Ndikunye nombhali othandekayo owakhokelela kwinkqubo kanomathotholo "eziza ezindlwini zethu." Ngenxa yoko, ubudlelwane obusemthethweni bajika baba yinoveli yokwenyani.
Inkqubo yomtshato kunye neqabane lokugqibela lalikhwaza. Umfazi owenzile kumabonwakude nakumajelo aneengxelo eziphakamileyo, exoxiwe esidlangalaleni kunye nombhali.
Emva kwamashumi eminyaka yokuphila kunye, xa ilizwe lonke lijongile esi sibini sibe ngumzekelo, u-Eleanor sakhutyekiswa ngumyeni wakhe owamnika umyeni wakhe kwaye waqala ukubala into eneneni nombhali. Amagama amaninzi angathandekiyo akutshiwo kwidilesi ngoku ebengumyeni wangaphambili, ngokungalindelekanga ukuba abonakale umlinganiswa wamadoda kunye nokuziphatha kwabantu kunye nokuziphatha kubomi bemihla ngemihla.
Nangona kunjalo, bambalwa abantu abazi ukuba lo gama umfazi owayesa umsebenzi kwimabonwakude, umbhali ngokwakhe walwa nesifo esiqatha - umhlaza. Indoda leyo yaya eJamani, apho waphumelela khona ikhosi ye-chemotherapy. Unyango lwefuthe impilo-ntle ye-EDONARNICOAVICK. Ifoto yethuba ibonisa ukuba i-USpensky ifuna uncedo oluvela.
Ekuqaleni, u-Eleanor wayesecaleni kweqabane lakhe, enyamekela umbhali, kodwa umonde wawukwanele iinyanga ezimbalwa, emva kokuba i-filina yabuya eRussia yaya kwelinye ilizwe.
Ukucinga ixesha elide akuzange kuvakale kwizenzo ze-Eleanora, kodwa kwake wenze ingxelo yokuba isigwebo sokuziphatha komfazi yimali enkulu yemali, enombhali, owenziweyo, umfazi wangaphambili ufuna ukuvala ngenkcitho kaEdward Nikolayevich.
Nangona kunjalo, umbhali wayenzima kakhulu kumbhali, izihlobo kunye noogxa bakhe zingqina. I-Slalt inaye kwaye ixhasa ngokufanelekileyo ubudlelwane bobuqu kunye nokusebenza akunanjongo. Ezinye izinto zomntu ngamnye ze-Eduard Nikolayevich kwindawo ethile kwaye zibeka umnqamlezo kwibali elingaziwayo malunga noMalume: Isincoko esikhawulezileyo kunye namabango kumbhali.
Le ndoda yayinqabile ukubhalela uMyalelo, kuba engazange aqwalasele kufanelekile ukuba enze uhlengahlengiso kwimbali kwindawo yabantu bomntu. Oku kungekho ngqiqweni kudla ngokubonisa abasebenzi kunye nobudlelwane bombhali bombhali. Kwelinye icala, mhlawumbi ngekhe babone ukukhanya kwabalinganiswa bakawonke-wonke abathandayo becingelwa yile ndlela ikhethekileyo, awabanika umbhali.
Ke yena uEdiar nikoyeyeyeyeyeyeyeyeyeesich ngokwakhe, wavala izilwanyana kunye neentaka, iiparoti kunye nezinja zakhe wayehlala ehlala ekhaya, apho umbhali wayekuvuyela ukonwaba. Umbhali usebenze yonke imihla, eqokelelwe kwindlu yelizwe naseMoscow. Ngexesha lakhe elikhululekileyo, ethanda ukubukela imiboniso yeTV yamanye amazwe, ngakumbi kwimixholo yezonyango. UGqr. House yayiyifilimu ye-Multi yeVenkile.
Kuyaziwa ukuba uEduard Nikolayevich uhlonitshwe umsebenzi ka-Oleg Tabakov. Kungenxa yoko le nto i-charnatic wactor ithembele ekufeni kwekati ye-TATRASKIN kwi "Destokvashino".
Ngo-Epreli 2018, umbhali wanika udliwanondlebe awathetha ngawo ukuba iqabane lakhe lesibini uEnna u-Epponkaya wayesecaleni kwakhe. Umfazi wamkela umyeni wangaphambili wabuya. Kutshanje, uEduard nenkosikazi yakhe wayehlala ngoxolo nemvisiswano, exhasana kwaye engakukhumbuli ixesha elidlulileyo. Esi sibini sinethemba lokuba umbhali uza kujamelana nesilitho.
Kwaye u-Eleonora filina watyholwa, waya kwi-lover entsha ephantsi kwakhe kangangeminyaka engama-30. Umamkeli weTV uthathe imali mboleko ye-6 yezigidi rubles. Ukuze umntu afumane ishishini, kodwa watshisa.
I-Fillin ngokwayo ayiziwa koku. Lo mfazi uthi akanakuba kufutshane nomyeni we-depotic. Ngokutsho kwakhe, kunye ne-USpensky, wayefuna ukuqhawula umtshato kwakudala, kodwa wamiswa yimpilo yendoda yakhe kunye noxilongo.
Uncwadi kunye nokuhlolwa
Imisebenzi kaEduard Nikolayevich iyathandwa ngabantu kwihlabathi liphela. Amabali e-Suprimensk aguqulelwa kwiilwimi ezingaphezu kwama-20 zehlabathi, apapashiweyo kwaye aprintwe kwiminyaka emininzi emva kwembonakalo.
Ingqwalaselo yombhali yanikwa eSweden. Apho, iingoma zala madoda zikuthande kangangoko amaqhawe avele kumabonwakude, nakwi-edokssines u-USpensky wamenyelwa kubabhali beli lizwe. Imisebenzi yombhali ixabisile iinkosi zaseYurophu zoncwadi lwaBantwana njengo-Astrid Lindgren, Tuva Jansson kunye no-Anna Schmidt.
Ndiqale ukucinga njenge-humarist. Ngokubambisana ne-felix kamov Kamov, u-Feueyites we-Pop Duet Livshire kunye noLewenBuk. Ubuchule bakhe kolu hlobo, umbhali watshutshiswa de kwasekupheleni kwe-60s.
Eyona nto idume kakhulu kubafundi abahlukeneyo ngabafundi abaneencwadi zombhali ngamabali avela kwiinguqu zontathu ze-Estokvashino, apho kukho uMalume uFerdor, ikati nenja. Intsimbi edumileyo kunye namabali apho i-crocodile gene no-Cheburashka bayabandakanyeka.
Usasazo oluninzi lufunyenwe enye yemibhalo yokuqala yombhali "phantsi komlambo womlingo". Amaqhawe eentsomi eziba ngabantwana, izilwanyana, abantu abangaqhelekanga. Kwixa elizayo, i-bibliography yombhali igqityiwe ngemisebenzi enjalo "yeBhodi yoboya", "malunga nokholo ne-ANFISU", "amagcisa angama-25," isikolo se-cerew ".
Imbali yokupapashwa kwemibhalo emininzi yayingeyondlela. Umbhali wagxekwa ngenxa yokunqongophala kweyona nto ibinguvulindlela weSoviet kumfanekiso kunye nokuziphatha kukaCheburashka, uGarwenid wanqanda ezinye iivesi kunye nemizobo. Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lwemisebenzi yoncwadi yokuqiqa, kunye neengoma zakhe zaqaqathwa ziikowuti kunye nee-pharisms.
Imbiwe ngumbhali kunye ne-folklore yabantwana. Wadala incwadi eyoyikisayo apho amabali "awoyikekayo" aqokelele khona. Ushicilelo lufumene igama "Isandla esibomvu, iphepha elimnyama, iminwe eluhlaza".
Ukuhlolwa kwamabali abantwana kwenzeka phantsi kolawulo olubuthathaka lombhali. U-Edward Uspensky wenza umgcini wesihlolo kubo bonke oomona ngokwamabali abo. Ngokwamabali kunye namabali ombhali, iifilimu ezimbini ze-Artional zadalwa, kwaye kamva ungcelele wadutyulwa.
Ngokuqala kokuthandwa ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yee-1970, uEdysernsard Uspensky uqalisa ukwenza usasazo-ukufunda imibongo namabali. Ubhala idles echaza malunga nabalinganiswa abathandayo. Ngeminyaka yee-1980, ukuqulunqwa kokuqala namabali malunga neShapokyak, iMatriskin, Kolobca.
Nditsho nokuba phantsi kwe-feather of thesserd, i-faids "iwaranti yewaranti" kwaye "zikhokelela" Corobs ". Umbongo uyathandwa ngumbongo "ibali eyoyikisayo" kunye "kwindlu yethu".
I-Eduard Nikolayevich isebenze kumabonwakude. Waba ngumkhuthaze kunye nombhali womjikelo wokuhambisa abantwana abaneminyaka eyahlukeneyo.
Kude kube ngentsuku nje, umbhali wabantwana wayehlala eRussia kwaye wapapasha imisebenzi entsha kwindlu yokupapasha uSamovar. Ngo-2016, umdlalo malunga noMfula weMlingo waba sisiseko sokudala intsebenzo epheleleyo kwiholo yemithi yaseRussia.
I-Soviet kunye noMbhali waseRussia wafumana umvuzo. Ngo-1997, wagwetywa ngomyalelo othi "ukuze abe ne-toritay". Ngo-2010, uEduard Nikolaevich waba ngugqirha wepremiyamu yeK. Chukovsky, enikwa ababhali babantwana.
NgoNovemba ka-2017, indoda yabhala ileta evulekileyo kuMongameli weRussian Federation Vladimir Spin, apho watyhola "i-soyulffilm" ifilimu yokuphulwa kwelungelo lokushicilela. Ngokutsho kombhali, ungcelele olutsha "uPristokvashino" uphume ngaphandle kolwazi lokucinga. Utshixe ukuba akazange anikezele ngokuqhubekayo.
U-Anton Tabakov, uJulia Mensshova, ivan Okhlobystin kunye ne-Gark Sukaches thatha inxaxheba ekuvakaleni amaqhawe athanda amagorha. U-Anton noJulia bayazisola ngokuba uEuard Nikolaevich wathetha kabukhali ngothotho olutsha lwefilimu. Ukukhutshwa kokuqala kokuqhubeka, okupapashwe ngo-Epreli ngo-2018, kuqokelele izimvo ezininzi ezizigidi kwinethiwekhi.
Isiqendu sesibini sekhathuni saphuma. Olu ngcelele lwazinikela kwinkumbulo ka-Oleg Tabakov. Ngosuku lokuqala, ukukhutshwa babekhangeleka abantu abazizigidi ezingama-25.
Ukufa
I-Eduary Ithamsanqa iminyaka emi-5 ilwa nesisu esiswini. Emva kokuchacha, waphinda wagula: Ngaphandle kwento yokuba izifundo zeChemotherapy Conser ezidluliselwa eYurophu, wasilela ukususa isifo.Kwiintsuku zokuqala zika-Agasti ka-2018, uEduard Aspensky wafunyaniswa kwikhaya lakhe, umbhali walahleka. Yabangela ukuba inqwenele inqwenele. Kwisicelo soogqirha ukuba baye esibhedlele, waphendula ngokwala ngokwala. Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa kamva, Agasti 14, umbhali wasweleka. Oogqirha baqinisekisile ukuba unobangela wokufa kuka-USpensky waba ngumhlaza.
Umngcwabo wombhali wabanjwa eMoscow, umsitho wokuvaleka wenzeka kwi-ofisi ekumgangatho wababhali. Ingcwaba lika-Upensky likwindawo yeTroeCorsky.
Isikrelemnqa
Emva kokufa Uspensky, lwemo wahlala, nto leyo kuqikelelwa kwi $ 20 ezigidi. Kule myolelo, lonke ilifa efika umkakhe yesibini neyesine Elena Uspenskaya. Le nyaniso yacaphuka nguTatiana-Assenskaya, lo mfazi wafumana isibonda esivela kwindlu yombhali kwi-Kyazma kwaye eya kwabona kanye ngexesha lobomi bukaBawo. Nangona kunjalo, intombi yombhali ayizange ingene kwingxabano yezemali nendlalifa.
Nangona kunjalo, isigameko esitsha sobutyebi obuqokelelweyo sivele sijikelezwe ngumbhali. Baba ngumbhali weValentin Postnikov. Umfana wesitudiyo seStudio yeStudio "ngqo" wabhengeza ukuba wayengunyana ophelileyo wengcinga. Ngokutsho kukaValentina, umama wakhe wamkela kuye, owathi ngaxesha linye wayenenoveli yexesha elifutshane kunye noMbhali woncwadi lwabantwana.
Ngo-2020, kwimemori yombhali, ilayibrari yabantwana baseRussia ibhengeza ukhuphiswano lwe-fairy fagle Simahla I-Tatyana I-Upenskaya iphendule kwesi sibongozo, eyabhala ileta evulelekileyo ifuna ukuba isebenzise umvuzo kuYise.
Eli bhinqa lanika ingxelo yokuba uqhubeke rhoqo nobundlobongela basekhaya, kwaye e-Eduard Nikolayevich, ukhumbula kuphela njenge-hytch yosapho kuphela eVictor Colebun. Emva kwexesha, amazwi kaTatiana aqinisekisile uEleanor filina.
Uluntu alunakuphendula kwingxelo enkulu. UBoris Grachevsky unike ingxelo yokuba kwimeko yebhaso, kuphela ukuba i-gonrit yoncwadi yombhali ithathelwa ingqalelo, kwaye ayinantsingiselo. Kwaye i-yuritin yatyholwa, yacebisa ukuba intombi yombhali inomsindo kumsindo kuYise ngenxa yokusilela kwegama lakhe kwiTestamente.
I-Bibliography
- Ngo-1966 - "I-Crocodile Vea kunye nabahlobo bakhe"
- Ngo-1972 - "phantsi komlambo womlingo"
- Ngo-1974 - "Umedwe Feder, inja kunye nekati"
- Ngo-1975 - "Amadoda aphantsi"
- Ngo-1976 - "Ishishini elimangalisayo"
- Ngo-1983 - "Iholide ePristokvashino"
- Ngo-1985 - "Ukholo kunye ne-ANFISA E-ANFISA KWIKCINTSI"
- Ngo-1987 - "I-Kolobok ihamba kwindlela"
- 1990 - "Isandla esibomvu, iphepha elimnyama, iminwe eluhlaza"
- Ngo-1997 - "ubusika ePristokvashino"
- Ngo-2001 - "amakhosi e-cheburashka"
- I-2007 - "Ubomi obutsha ePristokvashino"
- Ngo-2011 - "Amadoda angamadoda abuyiselwe"
- Ngo-2011 - "Ghost evela kwi-Deptokvashino"
I-filmography
- Ngo-1969 - "Antoshka"
- Ngo-1971 - "Cheburashka"
- Ngo-1971 - "HARDH HAHED, Red, Konopatoy"
- Ngo-1978 - "ezintathu ezivela kwi-Prestokvashino"
- Ngo-1979 - "Umalume Au"
- Ngo-1980 - "Baba Yagi chad!"
- Ngo-1981 - "crow yeplastiki"
- Ngo-1983 - "Uphando lukhokelela kolobki"
- Ngo-1986 - "Malunga nokholo ne-ANFU"
- Ngo-2011 - "Intwasahlobo ePristokvashino"