Biography
Ilizwi lale ndoda yalusa umnini-sandakazi, imbeko nokwakha umsebenzi ophumelelayo. Italente enqabileyo, kwanesipho, esenziwe uYuriLetan indwendwe kwikhaya lonke kwiSoviet Union. Wazisa zonke iindaba ezilungileyo zosapho kwaye ezilusizi, waxela ulwazi malunga namaxwebhu abalulekileyo aBalulekileyo.
USomlomo uLe Leta waba lilizwi lexesha elizayo kwimbali yelizwe, asinda kunye kunye nesona silingo sikhulu kakhulu esaziswa ngabantu baseSoviet. Ibinzana elithi "litsho iMoscow" yaba likhadi le-Yuri Boriovich.
Igama lokwenyani kunye ne-patrolimic yeLevitan emva kokuzalwa - uYuka Berktovich. Wazalwa ngo-1914 kwisixeko saseVladimir. Ubuzwe bosapho baziwa kakhulu kwaye buyimpawu zangaphandle, nagama - amaJuda. Inkwenkwe inyuke iphantsi, ikratshi, ine-chapel egudileyo.
Ukususela kubudala obudala, uYuri wahlula phakathi koontanga ngelizwi eliqatha eliqatha - wayehlala ebuzwa ngabamelwane ukuba abize abafana, kwaye emva koko kwavakala izwi leLevitan nangaphambi komlambo. UJURA Ophilayo uJura wayesisilwanyana esivela kubo bonke abamelwane, wayenabahlobo abaninzi kwaye ebakhulela umntwana owonwabileyo.
Ukususela ebuntwaneni, uYuri onenjongo ephuthuzelela ubophe ubomi bakhe ne-cinema, wayephupha ngobuqaqawuli nodumo-lonke ilizwe. Ukuba babaleka ezitratweni bacela ukuba bahambe ne-autograph. EVladimir, wafumana ulwalathiso kwiisampuli kwisikolo sobugcisa beprofayile.
Emva kokuphumelela esikolweni, uLevitan ufike eMoscow kwaye akaphumi kwinqanaba lokukhetha umsebenzi wokufumana. Ewe kunjalo, umlingisi waseYuri Boriovich akazange abone-ukukhula okuphantsi, umzimba omncinci, ulwimi oluhle, ukubonakala okubi kunye nokungabi komfanekiso ocacileyo kunye nokungabikho komfanekiso ocacileyo kuthintele i-fildiator kunye nomabonwakude.
Mhlawumbi umhlaba ngekhe wazi malunga neLevitan ukuba isiphelo sangasingamboniseli ukuba sizame isandla sakhe kwirediyo. Endleleni enesampulu kwisikolo sobugcisa, uYuri wabona isibhengezo esingakholelekiyo sokuba kusekwe iiseti zezithethi. Ugqibe kwelokuba afumane ithamsanqa kwaye akazange alahle.
Ewe kunjalo, iKomiti yokwamkelwa kuqala ayizange iqonde le ndoda. Wavela phambi kothumo lwamadoda angenangqondo, kwizemidlalo nezezezezembezi kunye ne-hairstyle engaqondakaliyo. Ngapha koko, wayegxininisa kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, izwi likaLevitan lahlaba iingcali - wayecacile, womelele kwaye egure, ixesha elide lalinqabile, liphantse landa. Kwangoko ke wacela ukuqeshwa kwirediyo njengenxalenye yeqela labafundi kwi-radiacom.
U-Yuri Boriovich waqala ngendima ye-charm yamaphephandaba kunye neekripthi zekofu kwizithethi ezikhukulayo. Yayilusuku, kwaye ebusuku wachitha iiyure ezininzi, esebenza ekukhuthazeni kwakhe. Ufundile yonke into ngokulandelelana - Prose, imibongo, iindaba, kuye kwami, behleli, bahlala betshintsha isikhundla, ngamanye amaxesha bade banyukele imilenze.
Isithethi esiyintloko selizwe elinemihla ngemihla sasusa "i-Okney", siyibeka kumbuzo kwaye siphuhlise idatha yakhe yelizwi. Ndenze izwi lam ndiphumelele ngakumbi, melodic kwaye ndisebenzisa onke. Ngokuthe ngcembe, yaqala ukukhululwa e-Erten-Levitan Funda imiba emitsha ye-tericals, ukuze abahlali emimandla ekude yelizwe baqala ukuva ezona ndaba zibalulekileyo zeMoscow.
Ukuqala kwe-Drier
Ubusuku obunye buye bafumana ikamva le-Yuri Boriovich echaza. Usemlilweni wokulinganisa kwaye wafunda iphephandaba elihlala phantsi, kuvakalisa i-ajenda yosuku oluzayo kweli lizwe. Kwaye babengazi ukuba ngeli xesha zimbalwa umntu ophambili welizwe uxhwisela i-ether yakhe ebusuku.
Kuyaziwa ukuba intloko yeSoviet Union isebenze ebusuku kunye nonomathotholo oluchaziweyo. Kwaye ilizwi eliqinisekileyo, eliqinisekileyo nelinomtsalane laLevitan kwaye banyamezeleka kakhulu uYosefu. UJoseph Vissisrianovich ubizwa ngokuba yintloko yerediyo kwaye wanika ingxelo yokuba ingxelo yakhe kwiNgxowane yeqela kwirediyo kufuneka ifunde le radio, eli "lizwi."
Ngemini elandelayo, uYuri, owayenexhala kwaye wayephantse wathabathela kwi-nerves, wahlala phantsi ukuze afunde ingxelo ye-stalin moya. Ngexesha leeyure ezintlanu ezintlanu, isibhengezo senze lo msebenzi, soze sibe nokungxama okanye senze impazamo. Ke, enyanisweni, ngenye imini, uLevita waba lilizwi eliphambili lelizwe.
Ilizwi eloyikileyo
Elona xesha linzima lomsebenzi weLevitan waba, kunjalo, ixesha elisusela ngo-1941 ukuya ku-1945. Yayinguye, ukoyisa uloyiko kunye nokoyika kwakhe kunye nokoyika, ukukhwaza ngokuvakalayo abahlali belizwe awayebhengeze umlo kwimanyano. YayinguLevin oxele lonke ulwazi malunga neemfazwe ezifikayo kwi-ofisi yolwazi yeSoviet.Kwiminyaka emide emihlanu, wasebenza enyanisweni ngaphandle kokuphumla - abahlali beSoviet bavuke naye balala. Ilizwi likaYury Boriovich laliphulaphule amajoni ngaphambili, abasebenzi abasemva kunye nabantu ababekhutshiwe, abantu kwizixeko ezihlalileyo.
Ngo-1941, uYuri wakhutshwa kwikomkhulu eSiverlovsk, kunye naye ndaya kusebenza kwimfihlo epheleleyo ye-Olga vysockkaya. Basebenza ngokudibeneyo kumbhobho, basazisa abemi base-USSR malunga nenkqubela phambili yeziganeko, babakhuthaze ithemba kunye nokholo kwinto yokuba uloyiso lunokwenzeka kwaye lunokwenzeka.
Kukho imbali yokuba unxulumano phakathi kweLevitan kunye ne-ambulensi yamaJamani yaqina kakhulu phakathi kwabantu abesichonga i-Hitler ebizelwe kwaye bangathathi cala isixa semali sokufa kwakhe.
Ngo-1945, uLevitan waxela lololiwe olindelwe lutshaba. Kwakusengqiqweni - kuphela nguYuri Boriovich, ofunda isibhengezo sokuqala kwemfazwe, unokuyigqiba le mbali yeli lizwe.
Iminyaka yeMfazwe yePosi
Emva kwemfazwe, isibhengezo sayeka ukusebenza kwirediyo, sifunda iindaba eziqhelekileyo. Ilizwi elinxulunyaniswa nabo bonke abahlali base-USSR ngeendaba ezimnandi, ubunzima kwaye bakhululekile, abanakutshintshwa ngokugqitha imiyalezo yolwazi. ILevitan iqala ngokuvakalisa iifilimu ezibhaliweyo malunga nemfazwe, ekhokelele ekukhokeleni malunga ne-goterans, yenza iingxelo ezivela kwiminyhadala ephambili yelizwe kwindawo ebomvu.
Bambalwa abantu ababaziyo, kodwa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-60-700 yentetho yeLevitan kwirediyo benziwa ukuba baphile, ngoko akukho ngxelo yeMiyalezo yakhe yerediyo. Zonke ezo audio, ezikwiRussia zanamhlanje ezithathwa njengezingeniselwano "LeLevi, ezazisa imfazwe", zazibhalwe ngokwahlukeneyo kwiminyaka emininzi. Abanazo ezo zinto zingalunganga ezisindayo kwaba bathunyelwe kuloo maxesha ekhonkrithi, kodwa ngokubanzi banika umbono wesandi sikaYuri Boriovich kwiminyaka yeMfazwe.
UYuri Boriovich waba sisithethi sokuqala kwimbali yelizwe, efumene isihloko sobugcisa be-folk.
Ukufa
ULevitan wasala Somlomo ophambili kwilizwe lonke ixesha lomsebenzi, ukuze yonke imihla ebalulekileyo kunye nezizathu ezinxulumene nemfazwe yokuthathelwa kwakuthathi mali zazingaqhutywa ngaphandle kwenxaxheba yakhe. Ngo-1983, isithethi esikhulu samenyelwa kwilizwe labo, ukuya kwingingqi yeBelgorode, kumsitho ngokuthatha inxaxheba kwamagqala edabini kufutshane neKurk. Kwanangaphambi kohambo, uYuri waphawula ukuba wayengenampilo.
ULevitan wagqiba kwelokuba aqhubele ngokuqinileyo, kodwa akukho mntu wayelindele ukuba ubushushu obungenabu bunganyamezeleki kunye nelanga ziya kukhokelela ekuqaliseni kwentliziyo. Unobangela wokufa yayikreqisa, ubudala kunye nokusilela kwentliziyo kwimvelaphi yobushushu bomoya kukhokelele kwisiphumo esibi.
Umngcwabo walo mntu mkhulu wenzeka eMoscow, ingcwaba laseLevitan likwindawo yeNovodevichy.
Ubomi Buqu
Wayedume kwilizwe lonke, kodwa ebusweni beLevitan, iiYunithi zazizazisa kuphela oogxa bakhe, izihlobo kunye nezihlobo. U-Yuri Boriovich wanelizwi elinembali engalihambelani nembonakalo yakhe. Oku kwamnika ilungelo lokufumana ubumfihlo ngaphandle kongenelelo kubantu abadlulayo - abalandeli.
UYuri Lehitan wayenosapho olwenziwe ngokupheleleyo kangangeminyaka eli-11-umfazi onothando kunye nabantwana abafundileyo. Nangona kunjalo, umtshato wawa, iqabane eliyintloko lelizwi laseSoviet Union yaya kwenye indoda, ishiya usapho. Ngendlela, umtshato wesibini wawungahlali xesha lide, ihambile yalomntu nonyana wakhe ezandleni zakhe.
UYuri akazange agqibe umtshato wesibini omnye umfazi, osele eneneni de kube sekupheleni kwemihla yakhe. Waqala ukuhlala kunye notata wangaphambili, owamkela umkhwenyana. Emva kwexesha, intombi yaseLevitan yangena endlwini. Xa intombi yaqala eyakhe intsapho yaza yamzalela uNyana, uYuri Boriovich wafudukela kwigumbi elahlukileyo kwindawo yokuhlala ekufutshane.
Kwintsapho yeLevitan emva kokuba efile, into enkulu yenzekile yenzekile - ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane entsha, intombi yakhe ibulawa. Umrhanelwa ophambili yayingumzukulwana u-jury, owayenonina kwigumbi lokufa. Kwenzeka njani ukuba ukubulala, nokuba yayikhokelwa kuyo - kusenokuseka umphumo. Eli shishini lagutyungelwa ngokubanzi kumaphephandaba.