Biography
Nge-11 kaMeyi, ngo-1904, kwintsapho yabatyesheli-ka Satalar etyebileyo uDali-i-Kusi evele kuNyana woNyana. Isibini esitshatileyo ngelo xesha sele siye safumana ilahleko ye-El Salvador, eyafa ngomntu oneminyaka emibini ubudala ukusuka ekuvuyeni kwengqondo, kwagqitywa kwelokuba kugqitywe igama elifanayo kumntwana wesibini. Iguqulelwe ukusuka eSpanish, kuthetha uMsindisi.Ubuntwana noLutsha
Umama womntwana uFelipe Footrose waqalisa ukujikeleza kwaye wamonakalisa unyana wakhe, ngelixa uBawo wayehlala ethobela inzala yakhe. Inkwenkwe sele ikhule ngumntwana ovuthayo kwaye ojikelezayo kakhulu. Emva kokuba efunde inyaniso ngomntakwabo omkhulu kwiminyaka emi-5, waqala ukubakho kule mpembelelo ngakumbi kwi-psyched yakhawuleza.
Ngo-1908, intombi ka-Ana maria uDali wavela kwintsapho kaDali, kamva owaba ngumhlobo osenyongweni womntakwabo. Inkwenkwe evela kubuntwana abancinci yathunyelwa ngumzobo, kwaye yahamba kakuhle. Kwigumbi lokusebenzisa, e-El Salvador selekhe indibano yocweyo apho wahlala khona ixesha elide kubuchule.
Ubomi Buqu
Ngo-1929 kwazisa utshintsho kubomi bobuqu bakwaSalvador Dali kunye nezalamane zakhe. Wadibana nothando kuphela lobomi bonke-uLena ivanovna Dyakonov, umsunguli waseRussia, owayengumfazi welungu lembongi yendawo ye-Elorara. Wazibiza ngokuba nguGala uElir kwaye wayemdala kunomculi iminyaka eli-10.Emva kwentlanganiso yokuqala, uDali noGala wayengazange bahlukane, kwaye utata wakhe nodade bavela kweli nyambiso. Salvador-sr. Ukuhluthwa ngunyana wakhe kuyo yonke inkxaso-mali yemali yenxalenye yakhe, kwaye uAna Maria wonakalisa ubudlelwane kunye naye. Izithandwa ezisandula ukumiliselwa zihlala kunxweme lwesanti kwiikhasikhi ezingenabuncinci ngaphandle kwezinto ezinobume, apho i-salvador iqala khona ukudala indalo yakhe yokungafi.
Emva kweminyaka emithathu, basayina ngokusemthethweni, nango-1958 ngomtshato wabo wenzeka. Kangangexesha elide, esi sibini sahlala sonwabile, ngelixa ekuqaleni kweminyaka yoo-1960, ukuphazamiseka akuzange kuqala kulwalamano lwabo. IGala endala inqwenela iijellies zenyama namakhwenkwe amancinci, kwaye uDali waqala ukufumana intuthuzelo kwisangqa sowuthandayo. Kumfazi wakhe, uthenga inqaba ePolela, apho unokuza kuphela ngemvume yeqela leqela lemigulukudu.
Malunga neminyaka eyi-8 yeMyuziyam yakhe yayiyimodeli yaseBritane ye-Ananda Lir, apho uEl Salvador wayenxulunyaniswa kuphela nolwalamano oluhle kakhulu, wanele ukuba abukele inkanuko yakhe kangangeyure kwaye ayonwabele ubuhle bakhe. Umsebenzi uAmanda watshabalalisa ubudlelwane babo, kwaye banika ngaphandle kokuzisola bahlukane naye.
Indalo
Ngaphandle kwento yokuba esikolweni waziphathe kakuhle kwaye akafundanga, utata wakhe wamnika izifundo zokupeyinta kwi-ramoni yomculi wasekuhlaleni. Ngo-1918, umboniso wokuqala womsebenzi wendodana yenzeka kwi-fieueueras yemveli. Imihlaba yaboniswa kuyo, uyilo lwalo lwalunikwe lukhuphele indawo entle yesixeko. Kude kube unyaka wakutshanje, i-Salvador iya kuhlala ingumntu ophambili weCatalonia.
Sele kwimisebenzi yokuqala yomculi oselula, inokubonwa ukuba unezixhobo ezimbi ze-ritroffs iphuhlisa ubuchule boonobumba beemvakalelo, ii-cubibs kunye nabalinganisi. Phantsi kobunkokeli bobuchwephesha bobuqili beProfayili, uNunes dalu wenza ipeyinti "iTeturka Ana yokuthunga kwi-KIDAQES", "Indoda endala yakudala" kunye nabanye. Ngeli xesha, umculi oselula uyamthanda i-European Averean Avee, ufunda uRuud, naietzsche. I-Salvador ibhala kwaye ibonisa amabali amancinci kwimagazini yasekhaya. Kwimifanekiso, ifumana udumo oluthile.
Xa lo mfana ujika 17, usapho lwakhe luyeyona ilahleko enkulu: Umama usweleka kumhlaza wamabele ngonyaka wama-47. Utata wanikwa ukuba ukuphela kobomi bakhe akuyi kusisusela isijwili kumfazi wakhe, kunye nomlinganiso we-El Salvadoor ngokwakhe uya kufuna ufanele ngokupheleleyo. Ukubhalisa kwaloo nyaka kwi-Madrid Academy yobugcisa, kuya kuqalisa ngokukhawuleza ukubaphatha ngootitshala nakubafundi. Iqhinga le-Francentrant yekratshi langqubana phakathi konjingalwazi weZiko leMfundo, kwaye yagxothwa kabini kwiziko lemfundo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuhlala kwikomkhulu laseSpain kuvumela abantwana ababaziyo.
I-Federico Garcia Lorca, Pais Bungeweli i-Bunjiwe ingabahlobo, bachaphazela kakhulu ukukhula kobugcisa base-El Salvador. Kodwa ayisiyisiseko kuphela solutsha. Kuyaziwa ukuba iGarcia Lorca yayingasithandiyo isifundo sakhe esingaqhelekanga, kwaye abantu ababephila ngexesha baphikisana nobudlelwane bakhe neDali. Kodwa i-salvador yayingenanto ifanasini, nangona ingaqhelekanga kwindalo yesini.
Ukuziphatha okucokisekileyo kunye nokunqongophala kwemfundo yobugcisa yemfundo akuzange kuthintelwe i-salvador yanikela kwiminyaka embalwa kamva ukufumana udumo lwehlabathi. Imisebenzi yakhe yeli xesha yayi: "I-Port-Alger", "umfazi oselula owabonwa ngasemva", "umzekeliso wefestile", "umzekeliso", " Umsebenzi "webhasikithi onesonka" ude ubethe umboniso wamazwe aphesheya eUnited States. Imodeli ephambili, ehlala ibangela ukuba umculi ukudala imifanekiso yabasetyhini ngeli xesha, iba ngumhlali wayo uMowam.
Owona mzobo ulungileyo
Umsebenzi wokuqala odumileyo womculi uthathwa njengememori "yenkumbulo", ebonisa ukuhamba etafileni ngewotshi yolwelo ngokuchasene ne-Sandy Beach Beach. Ngoku lo mfanekiso ubekwe eUnited States kwimyuziyam ye-ART yobugcisa yanamhlanje kwaye uthathwa njengomsebenzi odumileyo weNkosi. Ngoncedo lwe-galym elithandekayo, i-Expotitions iqala ukubanjwa kwizixeko ezahlukeneyo zaseSpain, kunye naseLondon naseNew York.I-Veiya inika i-patron ye-viscount charleles de nooul, nto leyo kwixabiso eliphezulu iqhume imizobo yakhe. Kule mali, abathandi bafumana indlu enesidima kufutshane nedolophu yase-Portygata, okufumaneka kwi-Seafront.
Kwakuloo nyaka, i-Salvador Dali yenza enye into ethatha isigqibo kwimpumelelo yexesha elizayo: Ujoyina i-Nordyalist Society. Kodwa apha iCatalan ye-eccentric ayihambelani nesakhelo. Kwanaphakathi kwe-riots kunye nokuphazamiseka komntu wesintu, njengoBreton, Arp, uDe Kiriko, e-Ernst, uMiro, Dali ujongeka ngathi yi-crow emhlophe. Ungena kwingxabano kubo bonke abathathi-nxaxheba kwintshukumo kwaye ekugqibeleni bavakalisa i-Creno-"Ukunxaxha kum!".
Emva kokufika kukaHitler ukuya kuMandla eJamani, iimbono ezingathandekiyo ngokwesini ziqala ngezopolitiko, ezifumana intetho yazo ngomsebenzi wobugcisa, kwaye oku nabo bakhuphe nabo abanye abantu osebenza nabo. Ngenxa yoko, ngenxa yeMfazwe yesibini yeHlabathi, iSalvador Dali ithoba ubudlelwane kunye neqela lamagcisa eFrentshi kunye namagqabi eMelika.
Ngeli xesha, wakwazi ukuthatha inxaxheba ekudalweni kwefilimu ye-filimu ye-louis Bonyiuel ", inja enkulu, eyayinempumelelo enkulu phakathi koluntu, kwaye ibeka isandla kwifilimu yesibini" ubudala ". Owona msebenzi udumileyo wombhali oselula weli xesha 'yimfihlakalo yeWilhelm Telly ", apho wachaza inkokeli yeSoviet yeqela lamaKomanisi elinemisipha enkulu.
Phakathi kwezithambisi ezimbalwa zeli xesha, ezazibonisiwe kwimiboniso eyam e-UK, eUSA, eSpain naseParis, yoyilo oluthambileyo kunye ne-boobs, okanye i-pumomotion yemfazwe yamakhaya. " Lo mfanekiso wabonakala ngokoqobo ngaphambi kokuqala kwemfazwe yamakhaya eSpain, kunye neyona "Jatsket" kunye "no-Omar".
Emva kotyelelo e-Itali ngo-1936, uDali waqalisa ukubhadula ingoma ye-Italiya. Iimpawu zobuchule bokubonakala zivela emsebenzini wakhe, owabalunye ukuphikisana nolwahlulo. Ubhala "i-metamorphoz ye-freud", "Gala - iSalvador Dali", "I-Carnken Cannibalism", "Spain".
Umsebenzi wokugqibela kwisitayile sokungakhathali 'kukulala kweVenus ", ebonakala eNew York. E-US, umculi akazibandakanya ekupeyinta, wenza iiposta zentengiso, wenza iivenkile, usebenza ngeDisney kunye nokuzinceda ngohonjiso lweefilimu. Kwangelo xesha, ubhala i-autobiography yakhe edumileyo "Uhlobo loNobhala we-El Salvador Dali, obhalwe nguye", othengwayo.
Iminyaka edlulileyo
Ngo-1948, uEl Salvador Dali ubuyela eSpeyin, ukuya kwi-portyy tygat, kwaye edale "indlovu", i-elephants ", iMfazwe yeMfazwe yeMfazwe. Ukongeza, emva kokuqhushumba kwenyukliya eJapan, iinjongo ezintsha zivela emsebenzini we-genius, efuna umbukeli wobomi beemolekyuli kunye neeathom, ezibonisa ukuba "i-atom ihluma". Abagxeki bawaphatha ezi zinvas kwisitayile sophawu olungaqondakaliyo.
Ukusuka eli xesha, Dali uqala ukubhala ngelaphu kwi amayelenqe yonqulo, ezifana Madonna Port-Lygata, "The Last Sangokuhlwa", "Umnqamlezo okanye Hypercubic Body", ezinye zazo wavuka imvume eVatican. Kwisithuba se-50s, kwingcebiso yomhlobo wakhe, uShishina u-Enrik Bernata uphuhlisa uphawu lwe-pipi edumileyo kwi-pipi edumileyo kwi-chup-chupale e-chamomile. Kwifom ehlaziyiweyo, isasetyenziswa abaqulunqi bemveliso.
Umculi usisiqhamo kakhulu kwimbono yokuba umzisela umvuzo oqinisekileyo. I-Salvador kunye neGala iqhelene nomthetho we-chanerar yecoco yecoco kwaye yabahlobo naye de kube sekupheleni kobomi bakhe. Umfanekiso okhethekileyo wanikwa i-idrey yakhe ephathwayo, awayelala kuyo sele ebutsheni bakhe, iba sisithembiso sexesha lakhe. Inkampani idala ihlelo lomculi.
Ubukrelekrele buhlala bunyusa uluntu ngee-antics zayo. Ukuphindaphinda ufotwa zizilwanyana ezingaqhelekanga, kwaye kwakanye ihambahamba ijikeleze isixeko nge-Amicist, eqinisekiswe ngemifanekiso emininzi kwiimpapasho ezidumileyo zexesha.
Ukutshona kwelanga kwelanga kwe-biography yomculi kwaqala kwi-70s ngenxa yokuwohloka kwemeko yakhe yezempilo. Kodwa kusaphela kusaqhubeka kuyaqhubeka nokuvelisa imibono emitsha. Kule minyaka, ujongana nendlela ye-stereoscopic yoonobumba kwaye idala imizobo "Polygidra", "U-Ole, Ole, eVelasquez! I-Gabor! ". I-genesia yaseSpain iqala ukwakha indlu enkulu yendlu-imyuziyam kwi-fuene, eyayibizwa ngokuba yibhotwe "lomoya". Kuyo, umzobi wacwangcisa ukubeka uninzi lweepeyinti zakhe.
Kwiminyaka yokuqala ye-80s, e-El Salvador Dali ifumana amabhaso amaninzi kunye namabhaso avela kurhulumente weSpain, yenziwa nguNjingalwazi weHondi wase-Academy of Acris of Acadey. Ngokuthanda kwakhe, eyenziwe esidlangalaleni emva kokufa, uDali, umculi we-eccentric wachaza ukuba yonke imeko yakhe yi- $ 10 yezigidi inika iSpain.
Ukufa
Kwi-70s, i-Salvador iqala ukucaphukisa isigulo sakhe sengqondo. Iphelile kakhulu ziindlela, kwaye ikwanengxaki kwiyeza le-psychotopic apho ogqirha bakuye kumnika. Oogqirha abakho ngaphandle kwesizathu, bakholwa ukuba banikwa nguSchizophrenia, ofumene ubunzima ngendlela yesifo sePakinson.
Ngokuthe ngcembe, ukuphazamiseka komdala kwaqala ukuthatha amandla okugcina ibrashi esandleni kwaye ubhale ipeyinti. Ukusweleka komfazi wakhe amthandayo ngo-1982 ekugqibeleni kucime umculi, kwaye kangangexesha elithile uxoka esibhedlele ngokupheliswa kwemiphunga. Emva kweminyaka esi-7, intliziyo ye-genius yendala ayiyeki, kwaye ifile ukusuka ekuswelekeni kwalo ngoFebruwari 23, 1989. Phezu kwaphela imbali yothando lomculi uDali kunye ne-galya yakhe yemyuziyam.