Biography
I-Novodvorskaya Valery Iline i-epoch iyonke kuphuhliso lwecala eliqingqiweyo elicinga eRussia. Imisebenzi yeNovadvorskaya-Intshutshiso yezopolitiko, intatheli ephumeleleyo, i-polygglot, i-polygger kunye neblogger - yayiyinto epheleleyo kuwo onke amanqanaba obomi eSoviet Union kunye ne-Russian Federation. Ngumzekelo wokholo kwinyaniso yeshishini labo kwaye ulandele imigaqo kunye nokujonga, ngokuchasene neentshutshiso kunye nezinye iimeko ezinzima.
Izenzo zale ntsika kunye neenkcazo ezibukhali eziguqukayo kuluntu zinokuvavanywa ngokwahlukileyo, kodwa umsebenzi omde we-Novodvorskaya wawenza ukuba ibe yiHlabathi kunye nezigwebo zayo.
"Ugogo" wohlaziyo lweSoviet, njengabantu ababephila ngexesha likaSoviet, babizwa ngokuba yintlangano yezopolitiko, wabhala iincwadi ezininzi, wabhala iincwadi ezininzi, wabhala iincwadi ezininzi kwaye wenza ulwazi lweyona micimbi efanelekileyo.
Ubomi buka-Veleria novadvorskaya yimbali yembali ye "ndoda encinci" kunye neziko lesango, imbali yokuzabalaza.
Intombazana engo-1950 yazalelwa eBelasus, abazali bakhe babengabameli be-Intemigiafeelia - Umama usebenze njengogqirha, kunye nenjineli katata. Kusapho, i-valeriya, ngokwelizwi lakhe, zazikho iingwele, nezikhulu, nabameli begazi lasebukhosini.
Ebuntwaneni, i-valeria ilulasapho yakhe ifudukele eRussia kwaye yahlala eMoscow. Bonke ubuntwana, uNovodvorskaya bahlala begula ngokwaneleyo, wafumana i-Asma, kwaye ke wayehlala kwi-sanatorium kwaye wawomeleza umzimba. Kunyaka ngaphambi kokuba babe ngumntu abadala, umama notata wakhe bagqiba kwelokuba baqhawule umtshato unina, uValeria wahlala nonina. Waphumelela esikolweni, emva koko uNovadvorskaya wangena eyunivesithi ukuya kufunda iilwimi zasemzini.
Imisebenzi yoluntu nezopolitiko
Eselula, uGalery Novadvorskaya wafumana iinyani ezingathandekiyo malunga nelizwe awayehlala kulo. Amabali malunga ne-Gulag ekhoyo kunye nenkqubo echasene nababhali ngo-1965, kunye nasemva kwemikhosi eCzechoslovakia, uBelery waqala kabukhali kurhulumente osele esele esakhiwa kunye norhulumente waseSoviet.
Izenzo zomntu oselula zazinganyanzelwanga ukuba zilinde ixesha elide - ubiza iqela elifihlakeleyo labantu abathandanayo, ababeka umsebenzi wokubhukuqa kwangoko, ukutshintsha kwekhadinali kwenkqubo yezopolitiko kweli lizwe. Qaphela ukuba icetywe ukuba icwangciswe nabantu abancinci ngezixhobo, kwaye ke akukho nto ingabeki ngaphandle kobundlobongela obunokwenzeka.
Njengenxalenye yokudalwa kwe-Anti-Soviet Propaganda, ivalery ihambisa amaphetshana ngeendinyana, egcwele iindinyana kunye nobubi ukuya kwisangqa esilawulayo. Oku, uqala enkundleni kwaye utyale e-Letharevo, emva koko wathuthwa waya eKazan ukuba aphathe ngoxilongo lwe-svizofrenia yeschizophrenia. Ibhinqa laphuma liye kwintando yeminyaka embalwa kamva, ngo-1972, ngaphandle kokulibaziseka, kwakhona yabuyela kwimicimbi yezentlalo, ukuqala ukusebenza kwi-sammizdat.
Ukususela ngo-1975 ukuya ku-1990, uNovadvorskaya wasebenza njengomguquleli kwiYunivesithi yezonyango eMoscow, apha wafumana imfundo ephakamileyo yomsebenzi "woMfundisi".
Ngeli xesha, eli bhinqa laligwetywa rhoqo njengeziphene, ukuze liqokelele iirallies ezingagunyaziswanga kunye neengxelo ze-anti-soviet kunye nemisebenzi ye-anti-soviet. Kananjalo kwigumbi lakhe behlala bekhangele phambili, kwaye uValery Ilinnu yena wayehlala ebizelwa ukuba ancinwe. Amaxesha amaninzi yayithunyelwe ngenkani ngonyango kwikhonkco lengqondo ekuchongeni.
Ngaphambi kokuwa kwe-USSR, uValery Novodvorskaya wema kwimvelaphi yeqela lokuqala lezopolitiko eli lizwe, ngaphandle, uValery Lineichna uprinta amanqaku angesobuhloni lwe-Gorbachev. Ngo-1990, incwadi yakhe yokuqala yapapashwa - ingqokelela yamanqaku uNovadvorskaya kwiimagazini kunye namaphephandaba. Olu papasho lulungiselele umsebenzi osisiseko wabafazi.
Oonobumba
Iincwadi ezininzi zeNovadvorskaya zaba ngumzekelo womsebenzi ochubekileyo wezigatya, yiyo into onokuyithetha eli lizwe. I-Bibliografi uValeria i Lineichny ineencwadi ezi-5. Zonke iincwadi zombhali zibonisa isikhundla saso kwimiba emininzi yoluntu efanelekileyo kunye neyezopolitiko.
"I-carthage yam kufuneka itshatyalaliswe", "kwelinye icala lokuphelelwa lithemba", "phezu kwenzonzobila kubuxoki", "zibonisa ukubulawa kwabantu ngembali," umthwalo wayo owodwa kunye nobuchule bokuhlalutya umbhali. Ifoto ngumbhali kwikhava yencwadi nganye ethembisa ukuthengiswa okuyimpumelelo kunye nomdla ophakamileyo kubaphulaphuli kumsebenzi ngamnye.
I-Novadvorskaya kunye nezopolitiko zangoku
Inqanaba elitsha loMsebenzi weNovadvorskaya wawa kwithuba emva kokuwa kwe-USSR kunye nomhla. Kwimeko yenkululeko kunye nokungabikho kweqela labasebenzi, umfazi wayenokufikelela kwinqanaba elitsha lomsebenzi kunokuba wenzayo.
I-Novodvorskaya yaseNowa-1993 yaba yinxalenye yemanyano yeDemokhrasi yeProussia, emva koko wagcina izenzo zezopolitiko ze-B. Helsin. Kunyaka ophelileyo, kwaqaliswa ityala lomhlaba kwinyani yobukho bomntu oxineneyo (ukuthambisa intiyo) yeengcinga kunye nezibongozo kumalungelo obunini belungelo lezopolitiko; Emva konyaka, eli tyala lavalwa. I-novodvorskaya yagwetywa linqaku elikwi-incoment yentengiso ye-noreth kunye nentiyo.
UNovodvorskaya uthathe inxaxheba kunyulo kwi-suma yendibano yesibini, kodwa akaphumelelanga ukuphumelela. Kumashumi eminyaka alandelayo, wayethathe inxaxheba kuzo zonke iintlobo zokuphakanyiswa kunye neendlela, ezenzelwe ukuxhasa imisebenzi yeSaakashvili kunye ne-VV ye-VV ye-VV. Ngo-2012, waba yinye yeenkokeli ze "" zokunyuswa ngokunyaniseka ".
Iingxelo zeNovadvorskaya malunga nezopolitiko, iingxabano zamazwe ngamazwe kunye neyanamhlanje yaseRussia zisacatshulwa. Ukungaqondi kunye nokubukhali koqikelelo kunye nezigwebo eziqingqiweyo, ezazichasene nokwamkelwa ngokubanzi, zidinisa kakhulu kwaye ziqhubeka nokutsalela uluntu.
UNovodvorskayaya wavakalelwa ngenkalipho phantse iingcinga zayo "eziphambeneyo". Umzekelo ocacileyo walo ngamagama empeleni malunga noMongameli weRussian Federation v.v. spin. Igama lolunye udliwanondlebe namagama awo abonakalayo.
Umsebenzi wakhe u-Valery Iyochna uqaphele kakhulu, ukukholelwa ukuba eyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu ngumnqweno wokubuyela kwilizwe elitshabalalisiweyo lenkqubo yeSoviet.
Komnye wodliwano-ndlebe nodliwano-ndlebe nobutsha, i-valery novodvorskaya yathetha kakhulu malunga nemeko eUkraine nange-prona. Ngehlobo lowama-2014, wabiza abemi beli lizwe ukuba banike iRussia ukuba baphindezele, "bangazenzi ngathi unike i-proata." Uye wavakalisa ukuba ukwenzekile ukuba iUkraine ilungiselelwe ukuphumelela imfazwe kwaye ibe lilizwe laseYurophu, kwaye iya kuba yinto yokucaphukisa iRussia, kodwa iya kunyanzelwa ukuba isebenzise umlenze kwaye iya kuhlala isebenzisa umlenze kwaye kuyo yonke indawo. "
Ngendlela, i-Novodvorskaya iyonke yayiyinkxaso ye-Euromaidan, ixhase umbono wokunyuselwa kuka-European kwi-Union Union, kwaye iinkokeli zelo lizwe zazijonga "bahlaziyo bokwenyani."
Imeko eCrimea Valey Novodvorskaya ithathelwe 'uphambene', kwaye yalumkisa ukuba iimeko ezinokubakho zikhokelela ekuqalekeni kwemfazwe yehlabathi yesithathu. Izenzo zikaRussia i-valery inyiphochna ifakwe "njengesihlomelo ngaphandle kwesizathu," ngawaphi amanye amazwe aphuhlileyo eRussia akazukulinganisa.
Ngo-2001, iNovadvorskaya kunye ne-v. I-Zhirinovsky ithathe inxaxheba kugqithiselo kwezopolitiko "kwisithintelo!" Kwijelo le-NTV. Ukurekhodwa kolu moya kuye kwathandwa kakhulu kwi-Intanethi, kusaphonononga abantu abanomdla kumabala ezopolitiko waseRussia. Ngumzekelo wendlela amandla okubekwa ityala lokugxeka linokunceda ukuphumelela impikiswano. Ngendlela, ekupheleni kokudluliselwa, uninzi lwababukeli luxhasa izwi likaV. Zhehinovsky.
UValeria Ilylinochna wabhala ngobuchule kwaye akazange aphile ngenxa yezopolitiko kwezopolitiko. Umzekelo, wabhala inqaku malunga ne-E. Northhenko. Isicatshulwa malunga nembongi kukutolikwa kobomi boyilo kunye nobomi bobuqu kwilungu lembongi, kuvavanyo lwelifa lakhe kunye nelifa lendalo, kunye nokuthandwa kweempawu zika-Eugene. Ewe kunjalo, njengawo onke amanye amanqaku aseNovadvorskaya, lo msebenzi waxoxwa ngokubanzi ngabafundi nabagxeki.
Kukho ezinye zeengxelo ezingaqhelekanga ezingaziwayo zeNovadvorskaya. Umzekelo, umfazi wayekholelwa ukuba umbono "wamalungelo oluntu" awaphelelwa ngokuziphatha kwaye ke awunakusetyenziswa kwezopolitiko zanamhlanje. Ngokutsho kwakhe, ilungelo inokuba kwaye ayifanelanga ukuba ibekhona kubo bonke abantu beplanethi, kodwa kuphela kwisangqa esithile sabantu, kuba "ilungelo - ingcinga ye-Elitar" kuphela kwaye ifanelekile kuphela Inani labemi.
Kwakhona, uNovodvorskaya wayenomdla wokuphendula abantu abane "soviet, uhlobo lweSoviet." Wade wabiza abazali bakhe 'nge-scoops'. Ngaphantsi kweli gama, bathetha umkhwa womntu ophilayo "phantsi kwengcinezelo", ukuba lixhoba, "isidalwa sokungcangcazela", singakwazi ukulwela "ityala elifanelekileyo."
Ubomi Buqu
UValery Illinichna wayesazi ukuba akabelwanga ukuba abe nomyeni nabantwana, ukuba benze iseli yoluntu ekummeli wesiko. Ukuba sisidima, umfazi wavavanya isikhundla sakhe-abantwana kunye nomyeni ekwimeko enjalo besiya kuba ziintshaba, amaxhoba kunye neendlela zokulinganisa.
Bonke ubomi bakhe, uNovodvorskaya wayehlala ngaphandle kobudlelwane bothando obuvela ngumthetho, iinkcukacha zobomi bakhe abungaziwa. Uninzi lobomi, amatshantliziyo ayehlala kwigumbi kunye noMama kunye nekati egama linguStasik.
I-Valria Ilulachny isebenza kwiqela kunye neentetho ezininzi yayingumdlalo wezopolitiko uKirill Borov, kodwa akukho lwazi luchanekileyo ukuba aba bantu babesibini ngendlela yothando.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, uNovadvorskaya wasebenza kwiRadio "Echo Moscow", epapashwe kumaphephandaba nakwiimagazini, wayeyibhlogre kwaye wayisebenzisa ngempumelelo i-intanethi kunye neqonga le-LJ kwiinjongo zabo zenkxaso. Ubhale kunye nevidiyo ye-borov kwaye wabeka kwimijelo edumileyo kwi-YouTube, ethathe inxaxheba kwimiboniso yeTV.
Kwiminyaka edlulileyo, isitayile esibhaliweyo se-valeria siphuculwe ngokuphindaphindiweyo, yaba ngumzekelo wohlobo lwe-propaganda le leta.
Ukufa
Umfazi oye waba yintsomi wasweleka ngo-2014, unobangela wokufa yimikhwa (i-isorfectious-ityhefu) ngenxa yokuvukela i-pundeled. Oogqirha bandisa ubomi beVarlery Ilnichuchny, nangona iSepsis inokuthintelwa ukuba umfazi ubhenele kwinkathalo yonyango.
Umngcwabo wabanjwa eMoscow, ukuhlonipha inkumbulo yomfazi oshiyekileyo (wayeneminyaka engama-65) amanani oluntu abadumileyo beza: irina khakamad, e-Alexey Vediktov kunye nabanye.
Ingcwaba laseNovadvorskaya ayiqhelekanga - le bhinqa lacela ukuba lizitshise emva kokuba umntu afe, uthuli lwayo lungcwatyelwe kwimithandazo yedon. Emngcwabeni wakhe ngo-2014, abahlobo abaninzi kunye nabahlobo abaninzi uValeria u-Ilulach uvumile ukuba lo mfazi wayehlala enesitholelo sabantu, kwaye waphawula ukuba indalo inzima kwaye iqaqambe "kwi-iarna yezopolitiko kwaye Yenza impumelelo ngempumelelo uluvo loluntu. Intembelo yakhe eqinileyo, ngamanye amaxesha ilizwi elinesithukuthezi lokuqhankqalaza ngokuchasene negunya elikhoyo liya kuba ligcinwe ngonaphakade kwinkumbulo kubantu abanomdla ngexesha kunye nezizukulwana ezizayo.
Akunakwenzeka ukuba uthi kunye neVarlery Inyibichnaya isweleke wonke umsebenzi wakhe. Ishishini layo liyaqhubeka kunye nabalandeli, nakwimemori kawonkewonke iya kuhlala ihleli, kunye nemibono yakhe iya kukhunjulwa. Isikhumbuzo siya kufakwa kwilizwe lakhe kwimbeko yakhe.