Biography
Malunga nobomi bukaSergius ye-radiozh, i-hierodomonach yecawa yaseRussia, iRedomer yeCawa yaseRussia, iRedomer ye-Onades kumantla eRussia noMsunguli weNdawo oyiNgelisweni, eyaziwa kancinci. Konke esikwaziyo ngo "mdala mkhulu" wamva ebusweni babangcwele, kubhaliwe nguMfundi wakhe uMfundi, epiclenia ubulumko.
Emva kwexesha, i-Sergius Radezh yahlelwa nguPahom surb (uphawu). Kuyo, abantu bexesha lethu bazobe ulwazi malunga namabona aphambili kwi-biography yomsebenzi wecawa. Kumgangatho wobomi bakhe, u-Epiphany wakwazi ukudlulisela kumfundi oyintloko yobuntu bukatitshala, ubukhulu bakhe kunye nomtsalane. Indlela yasemhlabeni yesiSergius yazihlaziya iyenza ukuba ikwazi ukuqonda imvelaphi yobuqaqawuli bakhe. Indlela yakhe yobomi ibonisa ukuba iyenza icace indlela indlela obunzima bokholo noThixo boyisa ngayo ngokulula.
Ebuntwaneni
Umhla wokuzalwa kwebhambano elizayo ngokuqinisekileyo akaziwa, abanye imithombo babizwa ngokuba yi-1314, abanye - 1322 G, owesithathu batyelele kwinyani yokuba uSergius Radez wazalwa ngegama likaMeyi 3, 1319. Ubhaptizo, umntwana wafumana igama I-Warfologus. Ngokwentsomi yakudala, abazali bakaSergius yayinguBeyar Kirill kunye nenkosikazi yakhe uMaria, owayehlala kwilali yaseVarnazn, kufutshane neRostov.
Ilifa labo lalikufuphi neSixeko-kwiindawo apho i-Traintity virnitsitky i-monastery yakhiwa emva koko. U-Bartholomew wayenabazalwana abaninzi ababini, wayephakathi. Kwiminyaka esixhenxe, inkwenkwe yanikwa ukufunda. Ngokungafaniyo nobuqili, bokubamba idiploma yabazalwana, ukufundela ubunzima obuzayo. Kodwa le yenzekile: indlela eyoyikekayo yayikukuyazi idiploma.
Lo msitho uchaza kwincwadi yakhe e-Epiphhany. UBhartolomew, efuna ukufunda ukufunda nokubhala, ixesha elide kwaye ngenkuthalo yathandaza, yabuza iNkosi ukuba iwele. Xa wayengumdala uRiza amnyama, lowo inkwenkwe exelelwayo ngobubi bakhe kwaye yamcela ukuba amthandazele aze acele uncedo oluvela kuThixo. Lo mdala wakuthembisa ngeli xesha ukubhala ngalo mzuzu iithegi ziya kubhala kwaye zifunde kwaye zidlule.
Bangena kwi-chapel, apho i-walaline ayifunda ngokuzithemba kwiNdumiso ngaphandle kokunkqonkqoza. Emva koko baphosela abazali babo. Indoda endala yathi unyana wabo iphawulwa nguThixo ngaphambi kokuzalwa komntwana, xa weza ecaweni yenkonzo. Ngexesha lokucula kwengwe, umntwana, ebela esibelekweni, wakhwaza kathathu. Kweli bhayibhile yobomi bobuhlungu ongcwele i-Nesterov yabhala "umbono wepatheni ye-Brtholomew".
Ukusuka kule nqaku, i-bartholomew iye yafumaneka iincwadi ngobomi babangcwele. Xa wayefunda isibhalo esingcwele, umdla kwicawe wabonakala ngenkcitho. Ukususela kwiminyaka elishumi elinambini, i-bartholomew inikezela ixesha elininzi kwaye igcina isithuba esingqongqo. NgoLwesithathu nangoLwesihlanu, uyalamba, ezinye iintsuku zitya isonka kwaye zisele amanzi, zithandaza ebusuku. UMaria ukhathazekile ngokuziphatha koNyana. Oku kuba ngumxholo weembambano kunye nokungaboni ngasonye phakathi koBawo nonina.
Kwiminyaka ye-1328-130, usapho lwalujamelana neengxaki ezinzulu zezinto, ii-heleras. Esi yayisosizathu sokuba iCyril noMaria kunye nabantwana bafudukela eDranez - indawo yokuhlala ngaphandle kwe-moscow yobuncinci be-Mscow. Kwakungekho lula, amaxesha ngamaxesha. ERussia, i-Golden Horde yalawuleka, ukuchas 'umthetho kwasebenza. Inani labantu laxakwa kuhlaselo rhoqo kwaye lamiswa ngerhafu engaguqukiyo. Ngokuyintloko balawula iinkosana ezenziwa ngabathetheli abatyunjwe nguTatar-Mongolia Mongolia. Yonke le nto yayisisizathu sokuhambisa usapho kwiRostov.
Monakalo
Kwiminyaka eli-12 ubudala, uBartholomew wenza isigqibo sokungena kwiimonki. Abazali bakhe abazange bathintele, kodwa babeka imeko awayeya kuba nayo imonki kuphela xa bengayi kuba njalo. I-Bartholomew yayiyinkxaso yabo kuphela, kuba abanye abazalwana babehlala ngokwahlukeneyo nabantwana babo nabafazi babo. Kungekudala, abazali basweleka, ke kwakuyimfuneko ukulinda.
Ngokwezithethe zaloo maxesha ngaphambi kokufa, basamkela umgama we-winang noSkima. I-Bartholomew iya kwi-Khotkovo-Pkrovsky Monastery, apho ukhoyo umntakwabo uStefano. Wamkelwa ngumhlolokazi kwaye wamkelekile ngumphathi phambi komzalwana. Umnqweno wobomi obungagungqiyo okhokelela kubazalwana kunxweme lomlambo iKoonchura kwiphecana lamaMacove, apho kwasekwa khona iintlango.
Kwi-bor abazithululweyo, abazalwana bakha i-cullan celles ukusuka kwiilogo kunye necawe encinci, kwisiza sayo Icawa yeCativeral yoBathathu Emnye imi. Ubhuti akakwazi ukumelana nobomi be-herchride ehlathini kwaye baya kwimonkini ye-epiphany. I-Bartholomews, owayeneminyaka engama-23 kuphela ubudala, uthatha iposi, uba nguTay Sergius kwaye uhlala ehleli kwiphecana elipheleleyo.
Ixesha elincinci lidlule, kwaye i-iKanak yafikelelwa kwi-makovets, i-monansery yasekwa, emva kweminyaka ndaba nguBathathu Emnye - eSergiye lavra, esele ikho nezulu. I-igume yakhe yokuqala yayiyi-mitrofan ethile, eyesibini igume - uTata uSergius. Amandlala enkosi kwaye abafundi bengazange bathabathe imililo kumakholwa, ahlala iziqhamo zomsebenzi wabo. Uluntu lukhule, abalingane bahlala bejikeleze iimonki, amasimi kunye namasimi ahlala, kwaye lowo wangaphambili wajika wangena kumda onobuchule.
Iingubo nozuko lweemonki ziyaziwa kwi-Tsargrad. Ukusuka kwisolusapho wePhilof yeHlabathi iphela, iSoviet Sergia yathunyelwa umnqamlezo, uSchima, iparamam kunye negram. Kwicebiso likasolusapho kwimonki, i-Kinovia yaziswa - iTshatha yoLwazi loLuntu, yamkelwa ngabaninzi baseRussia ngendawo yokuhlala. Yayiyinto entsha enenkalipho, ukusukela ngelo xesha iimoatatroies zihlala kwi-Charter yomsebenzi, kanye izakhiwo ezixhotyisiweyo ngobomi babo njengoko zazivunyelwe.
I-Cynovia icinge ukulingana kwepropathi, izidlo ezivela kwi-boiler enye ngocofekoni ngokubanzi, iimpahla ezifanayo nezihlangu, ukuthobela "abadala". Le ndlela yobomi yayiyimodeli efanelekileyo yobudlelwane phakathi kwamakholwa. Iimonionastery zajika zabahlali ezizimeleyo, abemi ababezibandakanya kwimibhiyozo yomlinganiso, bathandazela usindiso bomphefumlo nehlabathi liphela. Ngokuvuma uMgaqo-nkqubo "wobomi ngokubanzi" eMakovts, uSergius waqalisa ukwazisa utshintsho olunika ubomi kwezinye iimonimaties.
I-Sergey Radenezh monies
- I-Trine-Sergium Lava;
- I-Alle-goolin kufutshane neKolomna kwingingqi yeMoscow;
- I-vysotsky monastery e-serphov;
- I-Blagoevenskcheyn Conastery eKirzhach, iVladimir;
- I-Georgievky Monastery kwi r. Kyazma.
Abalandeli beemfundiso ezingcwele besekwe ngaphezulu kweemonima ezimashumi mane eRussia. Uninzi lwazo lwakhiwa entlango. Ngexesha, kwavela iilali ngeenxa zonke kubo. "Ikholoni yeMonic", yaqala nge-radalozh, yenza ukuba ikwazi ukudala iindawo ezixhasayo zophuhliso lomhlaba kunye nophuhliso lwelizwe laseRussia kunye nevolga.
I-Kulikovskaya
USergius Radeozh wayengumkhweli oxolo omkhulu owenza igalelo elingaka kubunye babantu. Wafumana i-krobry ihambisa indlela ezintliziyweni zabantu, ndicela ukuthobela noxolo. Waxolelanisa amaqela adliwayo ngokutsala inkosana kwi-moscow kunye nokumazisa wonke umhlaba waseRussia. Emva koko, yadala iimeko ezifanelekileyo zokuxolelwa kwaTatar-Mongols.
Indima yeSergius Radeozh edabini kwibala le-Kulikovsky lilungile. Ngaphambi komlo, i-Grand Doke Demery Donskoy yeza e-Saint ukuze ithandaze kwaye icele ingcebiso, ukuba indoda yaseRussia iyichasa ngoThixo. UKhan Mamai kunye nomkhosi wakhe omkhulu bafuna ukubangela inkululeko enothando, kodwa abantu baseRussia bamkela uloyiko. I-Sergius yanika inkosana eyinkosana emfazweni kwaye waxela kwangaphambili i-tatar horde.
Ngokudibeneyo neNkosana, uthumela i-inkosi ezimbini, ngaloo ndlela aqhekeza iingcuka zecawa, zaliwe ukulwa neemonki. USergius wayekulungele ukunikela usindiso lomphefumlo wakhe ngenxa yelizwe lika-Bawo. Umkhosi waseRussia uphumelele kwidabikuyo le-Kulkovsky ngosuku lokuzalwa kukaNata. Obu bolunye ubungqina bothando olukhethekileyo kunye nokungakhathali kukanina kaThixo kaThixo ngomhlaba waseRashiya. Umthandazo weyona nto ihamba nobomi bomntu ongcwele, i-icon yakhe oyithandayo ye-celles 'yayinekazi lethu le-Odigitria "(isikhokelo). Azange zenzeke ngaphandle kokucula i-akahlast-i-chant ekhutshiweyo, yanikezelwa kwintombi enyulu.
Imimangaliso
Ukunyuka ngendlela yokuphucula ukuphuculwa kokomoya kwe-HoullEn ihamba kunye nemibono engacacanga. Wabona iingelosi kunye neentaka zeparadesi, umlilo waseZulwini kunye nokusebenza nguThixo. Ngegama labangangenisayo inxibelelanisa imimangaliso eyaqala ngaphambi kokuzalwa. Ummangaliso wokuqala okhankanywe ngasentla wenzeka kwisibeleko sikamama. I-Inkcolo yomntwana liva bonke ababeseCawa. Ummangaliso wesibini uqhagamshele ukuyeka ubuchule bolwazi ngokungalindelekanga.
Incopho yokutyhileka ngokomoya yayiyinto entle yentombi enyusiweyo yendoda enyuliweyo, eyathi yanikwa indoda engcwele. Ngesinye isihlandlo, emva komthandazo wokuzicel 'umngeni phambi kwe icon, ukukhanya okuqaqambileyo kwakunyibilikisa, kwimitha yalo yabona eyona nto iphambili kuyo imbize, ehamba nabapostile ababini, noYohane. I-MONK iwele emadolweni, kwaye eyona iguqukela kuye yaza yayiva imithandazo kwaye iyaqhubeka nokunceda. Emva kwala mazwi, waphinda akabonakali.
Intombi yentombi eswelekileyo i-Ariya yayiyinto ehleliyo kumabonwakude nakwiiRashiya zonke. Kwakukho imfazwe enkulu enamatakane, abantu babekwimeko yokuphazamisa. Umbono sele sisiprofetho, iindaba ezilungileyo malunga nesiphelo esichumileyo kunye noloyiso oluzayo kwi-horde. Umxholo wento ye-phenonon ye-IgUmen ye-IgUmen iye yaba yenye yezona zinto zithandwayo kwipeyinti ye-icon.
Ukufa
Ukutshona kwelanga ilanga, owayehlala kubudala obukhulu, wayecacile kwaye ethule. Yayingqongwe ngabafundi abaninzi, wayezukiswa ziinkosana ezinkulu kunye nabafune bakutshanje. Kwiinyanga ezintandathu ngaphambi kokuba kusweleke uNigius, waphinda wagwetywa nguNikonu, wathi: "Lala kuyo yonke ihlabathi," waqala ukuthula ", elungiselela ukufa.
Xa isilivere iqalisa ukoyisa yonke into eyomeleleyo, emoyeni yokukhathalela uqokelela ubuzalwana obufana nembonakalo kunye nokubongoza nawo ngomyalelo. Izicelo "zokoyika uThixo", zigcine ukubophelela, ukucoceka komphefumlo kunye nomzimba, uthando, ukuthobeka kunye nokukhathalela umngcelele kwaye ungenakhaya. Ehlabathini lelinye indoda endala lahamba ngoSeptemba 25, 1392
Imemori
Emva kokusweleka kweenkosikazi zoThixo, bazakhela emqaleni wabangcwele, bebiza uFendrerondi, umsebenzi kunye nengcwele. Icawa yelitye elibizwa ngokuba yiTroisky yakhiwa ngaphezulu kwengcwaba laseNgcwele. Iindonga zekati yecawa kunye ne-iconostasis zipeyinta i-ARTEEL phantsi kobunkokeli base-Andrei Roblev. Iipeyinti ezindala azigcinwanga, kwiindawo zazo ngo-1635 ezintsha.
Ngokutsho kolunye uhlobo, ukwenziwa kwekhenon ye-radiozh yenzeka kamva, nge-5 (18) kaJulayi, xa kwafunyanwa iziqwengana zomntu. I-DEALS ukuza kuthi ga kulo mhla ikwi-tritity yeshumi elinanye. Iindonga zakhe zashiya kuphela isisongelo esomeleleyo - ngexesha lomlilo kunye nehlaselo le-NAPOOONIC. Ukufika kwe-bolshevings, kwavulwa iziqwengana, kwaye amasiko agcinwa kwimbali yembali yeSergiev.
I-ramonez ethobekileyo i-raden igume ifumane ukungafi kwimemori yabalandeli, onke amakholwa nakwimbali kaRhulumente. I-Saint ithathwa njengezithanda izinto zawo kunye nombala we-charron ookumkani baseMoscow abatyelele eManty kwiNdawo yokuNdwenya-Telity. Umfanekiso wakhe waphathwa ngamaxesha kabusha abantu baseRussia. Igama lakhe laba luphawu lobutyebi bokomoya baseRussia nabantu.
Imihla yememori yesango losuku lokufa kwakhe ngoSeptemba 25 (nge-8 ka-Okthobha) kunye nomhla wokuzukiswa kwabangcwele beefonti ze-Inok-Sergiyev Lavra 6 (19) kaJulayi. Kwibhayoloji ye-Saint Saint Zininzi iinyani zokuzinikela kuThixo. Ngobukumkani bakhe, uninzi lweendawo zezindlu, iitempile kunye nezikhumbuzo zaza zakhiwa. Kuphela kwikomkhulu leetempile ezingama-67, uninzi lwakhiwa kwiXvii-Xviiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii. Kukho nakwa kwelinye ilizwe. Iimpawu ezininzi zibhalwa kwaye zipeyinti ngendlela yayo.
I-icon yommangaliso "Sergius Radeozh" inceda abazali xa bethandazela abantwana babo ukuba bafundele kakuhle. Kwindlu apho kukho i-icon, abantwana baphantsi kwemeko yakhe. Abantwana kunye nabafundi baphinde babuyela kuncedo lwengcwele, xa benobunzima bokufunda nangexesha lokudlula kwiimviwo. UMTHANDAZO Phambi kokuba i icon inceda kumatyala enkundla, ikhusela kwiimpazamo kunye naboni.