Biography
Igama leemvubuli eziqaqambileyo ezihlala kwinkulungwane ye-BC (460-377 BC), idume ngabantu bexesha eliphilayo kwisifungo, oogqirha abasinika namhlanje xa bemkelwe kwinkonzo yokuhlangula abantu abasindiswayo. Isithandi-sobulumko samaGrike esidala, ugqirha onetalente, inzululwazi yendalo, kunye nomhlali wesayensi yezonyango unokubizwa ngokuba "nguyise wamayeza", kuba ngenxa yobuso bemisebenzi yezonyango ebuyayo, imigaqo yokuziphatha ye Umsebenzi wonyango.
Ababhali-mbali bazama ukuqokelela ulwazi ngobomi bobuntu. Olunye ulwazi malunga nesithandi-sobulumko siphikisana, ke uninzi lwedatha evela kwi-bibgraphy ye-hippocral ayichanekanga, kwaye ezinye zinentsomi.
Abaphathi bebhayoloji bazama ukusonga umfanekiso wokwenene wobomi bukagqirha, ibali lakhe. Umsebenzi kaCeran Efse (umbhali-mbali waseRoma) wathatyathwa njengesiseko, eyayingowokuqala ukuchaza i-biography yomxhasi wakudala wesiGrike, iinkumbulo zikaSpreyita (umfundi weSocmosopher), kunye nokukhankanywa emva kwexesha I-Corps ezikhulu zombhali ngokwakhe.
Indalo yazalwa malunga. I-KOS (i-turkey i-turkey namhlanje). Utata we-hiproche waphiliswa ngokuphiliswa kwakhe, igama lakhe yayinguGeraklid, umama - uFenartat (Praxitia ngokweminye imithombo).
Iyeza "leHolide yeHlabathi" (Hippocurate kwi-verter. kwitalente kwicandelo lemisebenzi yezonyango.
Kwiminyaka yobutsha, iHippocrat yaba ngumfundi wentanda-bulumko yelo xesha - i-gorgiya, idemokhrasi, eyamncedayo ukuba aphucule umthwalo okhoyo wolwazi. Ukuba nomlimo onomdla, ugqirha wexesha elizayo wagqiba kwelokuba aqhubeke nophuhliso kwaye aqhubeke nohambo kwihlabathi liphela ukuze aqonde.
IGrisi iqhekeza oogqirha abaninzi, kwaye ikamva lavumela ukuba bahlangane ngehippocrates. Umntu otyhafileyo unolwazi lolwalo lwalo mfana uxhela onke amagama malunga nesayensi, funda ngenyameko iitafile ezitsalelekileyo kwiindonga zeetempile ezahlukeneyo ze-ASCLEPIA.
Iyeza
Ngexesha lobomi be-hippocial, abantu abangafundanga abangcwele babekholelwa ukuba izifo zivele ngenxa yobugqwirha, kwaye izifo zithunyelwa yimimoya engendawo yelinye ilizwe. Intanda-bulumko yogqirha wamandulo waza waba yinto eyahlukileyo, enobuchule, kuba wayekholelwa ukuba yonke into ibiyindalo, ngokwemvelo. IHippocrat iphuhlise indlela yesayensi kwiinkolelo zonyango, ibonakalise ubuxoki beethiyori ezithintelweyo. Wabaphatha abantu kwizixeko nakwilizwe.
Ugqirha omkhulu kunye nomxholo wabhala imisebenzi, okubhaliweyo apho ingqiqo yesigqibo sakhe icacisiwe ngokucacileyo. Iziphumo zesithandi-sobulumko zixhaswa ngokuqaphela kunye nezibakala ezivela ebomini, kunye noqikelelo kunye nezifo zezifo zisekwe kwimizekelo ephilayo nakamatyala.
Emva koko, ukumiswa kwehippocrete esekwe i-Kosko yesikolo, efumene udumo kunye nokuchuma, ukuba inzala kwicala elifanelekileyo kuphuhliso lwamayeza.
Phakathi kokumangaliswa kwesayensi kwesayensi 'kuyilo lwamayeza "anokubelwa:
- Ukuvulwa komsindo womntu. I-hippocurate ixelwe malunga nokwahlulahlula iintlobo zendlela yokudlala eyaziwayo namhlanje, echaze isifo kunye nonyango, ifanelekile ngohlobo ngalunye, linikezwe utyekelo lwabo kwi-ams.
- Ithiyori yamanqanaba ezifo. Ngokutsho kwethiyori ye-hippocratic, eyabelwe inqanaba eliyingozi lesi sifo - "Ingxaki", kwaye ikwathetha malunga nenqaku "leentsuku ezibuhlungu".
- Iindlela eziphuhlisiweyo zophando lwezigulana (ii-ausculting, i-percussion, i-palppisotion). Ugqirha wafunda ngaphambi kwexesha lakhe, wayefumana isampulu yangaphambili, kodwa yayiligalelo kwisayensi.
- Iimpawu zongenelelo lotyando. Ngenxa yolwazi kunye nezinto ezintsha zentanda-bulumko yakudala, ogqirha emva koko baqala ukusebenzisa utyando, imaski, iminqwazi. IHippocrat iphinde yazisa imigaqo yokuqhuba (isibane esifanelekileyo, indawo yezixhobo).
- Inkcazo yemigaqo-nkqubo yokufumana ukutya. Ngokutsho koluvo lukagqirha, abalandeli bakhe baqonda ukuba izigulana zifuna ukutya okhethekileyo (ukutya). Umzekelo, ngomkhuhlane-i-porridderage ye-Bars, i-tin kunye nesiqhumiso, kunye ne-rumsics-intlanzi ebilisiweyo kunye ne-beet.
Ukongeza kwezi zinto zidweliswe apha ngasentla, i-hippoct idume ngeekhonsepthi zemilinganiselo yokuziphatha, ukhathalelo kunyango. Amayeza amakhulu aceba ukuba angabi gadalala iziyobisi, ukuthemba indalo, kodwa ebomini bavula ngaphezu kweentlobo ezingama-300 zeziyobisi. Ukusetyenziswa kwabo kuya kwenziwa ngoku (ubusi, i-pococy ye-poppy, ijusi yobisi, njl njl).
I-hippocrate iyayazi indlela yokutywina amazinyo (inkqubo engagcinwanga), ukungena ngaphandle kwe-velocations, iqhekeza kwi-BBM ekhethekileyo yophuhliso lwazo (ifoto efana netafile ye-orthoric). Kunyango lwe-hippocrates, ingqalelo ehlawulwa emphefumlweni yesigulana, umnqweno wakhe wokuphila kwaye awuzange ubhekise kwisiphumo sobugqirha ngokukodwa ngumcimbi wokuzisala.
Oak hippocrata
Isicatshulwa se-hippoceral isifungo kwiminyaka yeminyaka siye satshintsha kwi-ofisi yoHlelo xa siguqulelwe, kodwa imigaqo esisiseko ihleli ingaguqukanga, kunye neekowuti ezichazwe kwindalo yayo. Ziqulathe uluntu olukhethekileyo, inceba, ubuntu kumntu ngamnye. Umzekelo:
- Uxanduva lwabanye (uncedo lokungakhathali kwi-).
- Umgaqo "awuyingozi."
- Iingcebiso koogqirha ukuba bakhanyele abafazi ngokuprinta, kwizigulana ezinzulu-kwi-Euthanasia, musa ukungena ngokuthe ngqo kwizigulana kubudlelwane bothando.
- Umgaqo wokuthula, ubumfihlo, izikhungo zengxaki yesigulana.
Kumazwe amaninzi ehlabathi, isiko lazisiwe - ukubiza ifilosofi yamandulo yamaGrike xa ifumana iDiploma yeNgeniso yezoNyango kwiiyunivesithi. Isicatshulwa sayo siguqulelwe kwiilwimi ezahlukeneyo, ngamanye amaxesha ukuphulukana nentsingiselo yokuqala. ERussia, isifungo safundelwa ngesiRashiya ukusukela ngo-1971 'njengesifungo sogqirha wase-USSR', ukusukela ngo-1990 - njengesifungo sogqirha "sibizwa ngokuba yi" isithukuthezi sikagqirha "(Itekisi entsha, ebhalwe yiNqaku lama-71).
Ubomi Buqu
Kuyaziwa ukuba ubuhlakani bezinto zeSayensi zoNyango batshata nentombazana evela kwintsapho ebalaseleyo ehlala kwilizwe lakhe. Umtshato wabo wenzeka emva kokufunda imvubu. Emtshatweni, amaqabane azalwa abantwana abathathu (amakhwenkwe ayi-Fessal, iDragon kunye nentombazana).
Oonyana bomphilo-bulumko ngokwesiko lentsapho elithunyelwe kwingingqi yokuphiliswa, kwaye iintsomi kunye namabali ziyenziwa le ntombazana. Intombi yeyeza elikhulu yayihlala kwi-astipalee (isiqithi kwi-Aegean Ulwandle). Apha watshata nomntu ngePolybius. Wayengumfundi kunye nomlandeli we-hippocter.
Isithandi-sobulumko samandulo sinegunya elinzima ebantwaneni. Ukubhekisele kuBawo woonyana bakhe, bade bakhetha amagama abo obuzuki wabo omkhulu.
Ukufa
I-hippocrate ishiye eli lizwe sele ikhulile (ngo-83- 104), ishiya inzala yelifa elinemigangatho kwintsimi yezamayeza nentanda-bulumko. Wasweleka kwisixeko saseLarissa (iFessel Valley e Greece), kwaye ingcwaba lakhe likwindawo yeHirton. Kwiminyaka yobude, ilitye lesikhumbuzo kwi-hippoctrat ekwakhiweyo eLarilassa-yindawo ye-utrission yohambo ethandwayo esixekweni.
Kweminye imithombo kubhaliwe ukuba i-beelem ye-BEE YENZIWE EBUMBI. Ababhinqileyo ababhinqileyo bahlala beza apha ukuze baphile ubusi bokuphilisa izilonda kubantwana ngokurabha.
Emva kokusweleka kwe-hippocrates efumene "isihloko" somntu we-Demigod. Abemi besiqithi sikagqirha minyaka le kwimbeko yakhe babingelelwa ngokomyalelo kaThixo. Kukho uluvo lokuba kwihlabathi elidlulileyo, intanda-bulumko yaba ngumphilisi wemiphefumlo.
Imisebenzi ye "Bawo yezamayeza" ngexesha lomkhosi, imililo kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kweGrisi, emva kwabo zasiwa eConstantinople, ke umsebenzi kagqirha ulawula ukongeza kwaye ugcine.
Iinyani ezinomdla
Ayiqinisekiswanga ngababhali-mbali bentsomi yendlela elumkileyo yamandulo, kodwa ubukho babo abunakurhoxiswa. Nazi ezinye zazo:- Ngesinye isihlandlo, iHippocrat yafika eAthens, apho kwachukunyiswa khona isibetho esoyikayo. Wayeqhuba iziganeko zonyango kwaye wasindisa isixeko ekufeni.
- Xa intanda-bulumko yayizibandakanya kuphando kunye nokuphiliswa kwelasedonia, kwafuneka aphatha inkosi. I-hippocurate ityhila ukugula ebizwa ngokuba yi-agnografing kumlawuli, okuthetha ukungasebenzi kwakhe ngokungafakwanga.
- Ukusuka kwiinkumbulo zesatellite engacwangciswanga yemvubu, iyabalisa ukuba kunye badibana nentombazana enye kabini ngexesha elincinci. Ugqirha ukwazisa ukuvunywa kokuphelelwa ngumalusi emva kwentlanganiso yesibini. Wayenza kwi-gait.
Ucaphula i-hippocrata
- "Ukuba iphupha liququzelela ukubandezeleka, esi sifo asibulali"
- "Esi sifo soloko senzeka nokuba sikude, okanye ekusweleni, oko kukuthi, ukuveza ukulingana"
- "Inxalenye yesi sifo ivela kuphela kwindlela yokuphila"