Biography
Idemokhrisi i-abdierky - intanda-bulumko yamaGrike eyaziwayo, ethathwa ngumsunguli wethiyori ye-atomisclopedic, ulwazi lwe-encyclopedic. Umyeni wenzululwazi ufunda iisayensi ezichanekileyo nezendalo kwaye uthathe inxaxheba kumalungiselelo ekhalenda yokuqala.
I-Democritis yazalelwa kwisixeko sase-ABDAR, esikum. Umhla wokuzalwa uthathwa njenge-460-70 BC. Intsapho yenkwenkwe yayidume ngobutyebi noboxolo. Ukongeza kwiDemocritis, abazali banikela ubomi bababini boonyana abaninzi - uHerodotus noDamas. EGrisi, idolophu yomfana yayikuthathwa ngumzi wendawo nokungazi, kwaye abahlali babiza isidenge. Inkwenkwe ekrelekrele ibuyisela uluvo lwamathandabuzo malunga ne-abdarach.
I-Damaisp, iNtloko yoSapho, ishiye ifayilikisa abantwana behenyu yomhlaba, amakhulu amathathu eentloko zemfuyo, amakhoboka nemali. Le ndoda yayinethemba lokuba inzala iyakonyusa ilizwe. Idemokhrisi inqabile ipropathi ngokuthatha iitalente ezili-100. Izihlobo zazikholelwa ukuba uza kuthenga iimpahla okanye asebenzise imali yokusebenza. Kodwa le ndoda yaya kuhamba, ngenxa yokuba ebuntwaneni waphupha wayiqonda inyaniso.
Kwiminyaka eyi-8, ukuwa kwebhajethi batyelele iPersi, India, eYiputa kunye neBhabheli. Unyaka onesiqingatha wayehlala eAthene, apho wayezimamele khona uCocrates kwaye wanxibelelana neAnaxagor. Ndifunde ulwazi lwee-Persian Haldev kunye neMads. Buyela kwisixeko semveli yendoda inyanzela isidingo. Ukuhambisa ifa katata wokuhamba, ekunyanzelwe ukuba uphile ngenkcitho yomntakwabo Damas.
E-Abhirach, wathunyelwa phantsi kwento yokubanjwa kwepropathi yepropathi. Kwilingo, isithandi sobulumko esiselula saphumela amalungelo ngaphandle kwaye sanika ingxelo kwabanye abemi ngezenzo. Ndamcacisela oko ndangenisanga ukuba ndingakhange ndichithe imali kwibhadula engenanto, kodwa ndikwazi ubulumko bobulumko bobunye abantu, ukufundisisa isimilo sangaphandle, amasiko, isayensi.
Ekupheleni kwentetho, idemokhrisi ifundela ezona zinto zibalulekileyo zomsebenzi "Mirostroy", owachaza imvelaphi yendalo yonke kunye nesakhiwo. Abantu bale dolophu balungisa i-Sage kwaye bavuzwa ngemali. Lo mzuzu webhayiloji ye-biograsopher uqinisekisiwe zizifundo zemisebenzi ye-cicero, i-Diogen Lacia kunye neAthenagora.
Isayensi
Ubomi kunye novavanyo lwesayensi lwe-Abdirijin odumileyo ayizange ishiye abanye abantu ababengenamsebenzi ababemgqala njengongakhathalelwanga. I-Democritis ithandwa kakhulu ukuhamba iiyure emangcwabeni, apho wayecinga ngeembono zendalo ethi cwaka kwaye zizolile. Kwincoko, inokufakwa ngokulula ngaphandle kwesizathu. Le ndoda yachaza le nto yokuba ubunzima bemihla ngemihla kunye ne-nueus azikho kwanto, xa kuthelekiswa nelizwe lendalo.
Abahlobo be-Scholar bameme i-hippocutety yokuphilisa ubushushu besidlo "sokuhleka." Isizathu kukuba abantu babona indlela umntu atshaye ngayo izidumbu ezinomthwalo, ukhupha i-Ivagest kwaye igxothiwe ngenzondelelo, iqwalasele imizimba yezilwanyana. I-hippocrate irekhodiwe impilo epheleleyo-yengqondo nangokwengqondo. Ugqirha uqaphele ukuba uqalisa ukudibana nomntu onjalo nomntu ofundileyo.
Idemokhritritous Study, Asstronomy, Adds, Mathematics. Inqanaba ngalinye liphantsi kolona phawu lubalaseleyo lweGrisi. I-Sage ithathwa njenge-waser yemfundiso ye-atomisti ye-atomisti, echaza ukuba ihlabathi liququzelele kuphela kunye neeathom. Izigqibo zenzululwazi zihambelana nezi ndawo zilandelayo zezi:
- IMathematics. Ukukhanyela ukwenziwa okungapheliyo kuncitshiswa kwinto yokuba imizimba yejometri iye yahlutha amagqabi (iindiza), ezityumkileyo kwimisonto (imigca), ihlumayo kwi-GRAIT (amanqaku). Kudala ithiyori yendlela yemathematics kunye nethemba. Idemokhrisi yayingowokuqala ukubonakalisa umbono wokuba i-cone imele isahlulo sesithathu sesilinda, kwaye ipiramidi yinxalenye yePrism. I-Evdox yangqina le theorem.
- I-physics. I-ABYERES yesayensi ibonakalise ubukho bee-atoms - amasuntswana angenampilo ahamba ngokungenantlonelo. Iiathom ziyatsalwa omnye komnye, zenza umzimba kunye neemilo.
- Ibhayoloji. Imvelaphi kunye nophuhliso loluntu lwenzekile "kukuzihlaziya". IDemocriri yathi: "Iimpukane ziyakhula kwinyama ejikelezayo, kwaye iimpethu zikwi-ile." Izinto eziphilayo zilungelelaniswe kwiimeko zobomi kwaye zavela. Eyona njongo iphambili yendalo ngumntu, emva kokutshintshana nokuqalwa kwakhona akuyi kuyeka.
- Imbali nenkcubeko. Ngokutsho kwenzululwazi, abantu bamanyane emihlambi yokukhusela kwizilwanyana zasendle. Isizathu esifanayo esiphelelwe njengophuhliso lwentetho kunye nobukrelekrele. Kwiminyaka edlulileyo, ebantwini, umxholo wokuziphatha kunye nexabiso lamaxabiso enziwa, elikhokelela ekudalweni kwamazwe nemithetho.
- I-Asstronomy. Inani elingenakubalwa leathom, ihamba ngomyalelo wehagu, ukudibana nokunamathela omnye komnye. I-whirlwind, ikhulisa kwindawo, amasuntswana adityanisiweyo. Ke ngoko, ngokwenzululwazi, umhlaba wavela, othunyelwa embindini wendalo iphela.
- IJografi. Umyeni wenzululwazi wenza imephu yendawo esekwe kuhambo lwakhe. Onke amazwe kunye nezixeko ezazityelele zibhalwe kwimephu.
Inqanaba elisisiseko lezinto eziphathekayo zamaGrike amandulo Greek iba ziimfundiso zedemokhokhwe, imigaqo ezabelwe kwintanda-bulumko yazo yase-epikura.
Intanda-bulumko
I-Dionysius Galicarnas (i-Greek yamandulo) inamanqaku amathathu intanda-bulumko yamaGrike ngesilabhasi yeholo kunye nesipho sobuchule. I-Aristotle, idemokhritricus kunye nePlato. Izazinzulu zixela ibali eli-plato ukuba lenziwe ukuba lihlupheke kwaye litshabalalise imisebenzi ye-Democritson, kodwa ukungalungisi oku akunakwenzeka.
I-AP ye-ABDER ifunde ngononophelo intanda-bulumko ye-Ellinov, kodwa ifuthe elingathethekiyo ekumiselweni kweWorldmight yayishiywe nguLevip. Umcebisi kasosayensi wafudukela kwi-ABGERs e-Elea kwaye walungiselela isikolo esifundiswe apho wafundisa khona i-Itoris kwindalo iphela. Idemokhrito iba ngumfundi othembekileyo kunye nomlingane obalaseleyo wochukumiso oqinisekileyo, awayefunda kuyo iziseko zomxholo wakhe we-atomic.
Ingxaki yeziseko zezinto ezisisiseko zithathwa njengesiseko kwimfundiso yentanda-bulumko. Kwilinge lokuzama ukuveza umxholo wento, i-Denike i-Deepered ibeka phambili iingxelo eza kamva zinobuchule. Ngokwethiyori, imeko kunye nombandela ungoyena uphakamileyo, kwaye ubuntu, umphefumlo, ukuqonda kunye noothixo babini. I-Atom kunye nokulilungisa sisiseko, ukuphumla kukongezwa.
Akukho mibala, ivumba, incasa, imilinganiselo, kwaye kuphela kwesiphumo seemvakalelo ezineemvakalelo.
"Akukho nto ayiveli kungenabukho kwaye ayisebenzi nto. Iiatom aziphinde ziphinde zenziwe ngokutsha, kodwa zihlala zilingana. Umanyano kunye nokubola kweeatom kukhuthaza ukuvela nokutshutshiswa kwezinto. "
Kwintanda-bulumko yaseYurophu kunye nokupeyinta, inkcaso yentanda-bulumko emibini ixhaphakile, izimvo zayo ngobomi ziqhelekile. Ukuhleka idemokderius kunye nokukhala kukaHerakhi kunye namaxesha anomdla okhutheleyo kwathunyelwa kwinzala. Owokuqala waqwalasela ubomi bomntu kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle nokuhlekisa, kwaye nosizi lwesibini kwaye lwazisa iphangalala. UWalter Scott wabhala:
"Aba basebenzi babini bomthetho bagcwele imbandezelo omnye komnye ngenkangeleko kunye nokwamkela."Ubomi Buqu
Ubomi bobuqu kwisayensi yamandulo yamaGrike yayingekho. Ubomi bezesondo abukhangeleka, cinga ngale nto iphambili kusonwabo malunga nokuqonda. Ngexesha leCaria, indoda ikhokelwa zizilwanyana, ezingalungelanga inzululwazi. Abafazi bathathela ingqalelo izidalwa eziziziyatha kunye nezingento kuphela ezifanelekileyo zokuqhubeka nohlobo.
Indima katata yayingaphefumlelwanga yifilosofi. Wayekholelwa ukuba abantwana abancinci baya kuthintela umsebenzi wengqondo nangobuphi. Idemokhrittous idemokhrittor ayishiyi. Ngokwengxelo kaTertullian, kubudala abangama-90, aziwamfameze ukuze angafumani mfazi. Le hypothesis yamkelwa njengempazamo kwaye ibonakalise ukuba kulo nyaka umyeni wesayensi akaboni.
Ukufa
UHipprist uxela ukuba intanda-bulumko enkulu yafa ngaphandle kobuhlungu, ayizukubandezeleka ngenxa yezifo, isindayo ukuya kwi-109 iminyaka. Kwiintsuku ezintathu ngaphambi kokuba afe, wacela yonke imihla ukuzisa isonka esishushu kunye neeblus egumbini ukuze wonwabe kwivumba. Umngcwabo wabanjwa kwi-akhawunti karhulumente, kwaye xa usahlukanisa, abemi bahlonipha kulwelo olukhulu.Iinyani ezinomdla
- Wayengakholelwa kuTixo. Oothixo badala abantu ukuba bacacisele i-oda yehlabathi.
- Ifunwa kukuziphucula nokukhula ngokomoya.
- Ithumele imisebenzi engama-70.
- Kukholelwa ukuba umphefumlo une "Atom yoBomi" yombala womlilo.
- Ingqondo yomntu ibekwe esifubeni, kwaye hayi entloko.
- Ukuvela kwezobugcisa kucacisiwe ukuba umntu "uhlolile" kwilungu lezilwanyana.
- Kwinkulungwane yama-20, i-crater yenyanga yabizwa emva kososayensi.