Biography
UViktor Semenovich Abakmov yi-odional kunye nempikiswano yendalo esingqongileyo kaJoseph Stalin. Ikhondo lomsebenzi elikhawulezayo yegosa lasemkhosini kwaye namhlanje lubangela imibuzo emininzi kwaye uvuyise iingxoxo ezishushu. Njenge-chekist eqhelekileyo kunye neeklasi ezine zemfundo zilawulwa kwimeko yeminyaka yokukhokela iOfisi yoKohlwayo yeLizwe, igama lakhe laloyiko lokuzibiza abantu baseSoviet, imfihlakalo.
Ukujongana neentsomi kunye neentsomi elithi ibali elithi "fuduki". Kodwa ukuvula ikhethini lebhayiloji ye-bebyumov ukuya ekuqondeni kwendima yesopolitiko ebomini belizwe elikhulu, unako.
Ubuntwana noLutsha
Inkokeli yexesha elizayo yomkhonto ngoAprili 1908 yazalelwa kwidolophu enkulu. I-Ros kwaye yavela kwintsapho ehlwempuzekileyo, apho uBawo wayesebenza khona njengomsebenzi wasemnyama-osebenza: Ukucocwa, kamva izinto. Umama kwixesha langaphambi kokuguqulwa lisebenze ngokwethungo, kwaye emva kweminyhadala ka-Okthobha ka-1917, esibhedlele esibhedlele.
Ukukhupha iincwadi zezifundo, iViktor ayifanelanga: kwiDatha yobuqu, wafunda iminyaka emi-3 kwiSikolo seSixeko, kodwa kwi-biegraphy esemthethweni, ebhalwe ngu-Abokom, ebhalwe ngu-Abokois we-4.
Ekupheleni kobusika bowe-1921, iViktor Abukomiov yaba livolontiya ekutsaleni i-moscow ye-moscow yenjongo ekhethekileyo, apho wayekhonza khona eSanitar de kube sekupheleni kuka-1923. Kwiminyaka emibini, le ndoda iphazanyiswa yimali engenamsebenzi-isebenze kunye nomntu ophethe ngesandla kunye nomthwalo.
Ekuqaleni kuka-1925, umntu oneminyaka eli-17 ubudala uthathe i-packer kwi-mospromsoyuz. Kwiminyaka emibini kamva, i-Abyakumov iphathiswe ukukhusela amashishini asemzini. Umfana wangena kwi-vlksm nasenyakeni kamva, ngo-1928, wamkelwe nguPacker kwimida yenkulungwane yesenti.
Isenzo se "Viktor" Viktor Abyakumov ive ngo-1930, emva kokungena kwindawo yeqela lamaKomanisi. Amaqela amancinci athi "bathabatha" iphulo lokutyunjwa kwabasebenzi kwizixhobo zeSoviet: kumdibaniso wemanyano yabasebenzi oneminyaka engama-22 ubudala wanyula i-ofisi ye-Ofisi yoRhwebo kunye noNobhala we Iseli yeKommol.
Emva kwesiqingatha sonyaka, iViktor Abyakumov yatshintshelwa ekubeni ikhokele abahlali baseKomsomol yesityalo sasemazini, apho wayenonyulo. Omnye unyaka-kwaye inkokeli yaseKamsomolokyyy yeTramomolky intloko kwisebe lasemkhosini lase-raykom le-zamomol eZamomol eZoskvol kwi-Zamoskvolchye.
Ihonjisiwe
Isandla esingabonakaliyo sasihamba ngokukhawuleza iViktor Abyakumova ukuya phezulu. Emva konyaka womsebenzi kwisithili saseZoskvoretsky ye-Komsomol, ngoJanuwari 1932, uMabyumova wathatyathwa ukuze enze isebe lezoqoqosho kwi-OGPU yengingqi yeMoscow. Kwiinyanga ezintandathu kamva, abahambi benyuka kwisebe eligunyazisiweyo, iinyanga ezintandathu ubudala - kwaye i-chekist encinci yazifumana kwi-ofisi ye-OGpu (kamva i-NKVD).
I-piktoff ekhawulezileyo yaphazamiseka ngehlobo lowe-1934: Viktor Abukomiova "ekuthinjweni" kwiGulag. Kuyinyani, kungengathi njengebanjwa, kodwa njengesebe lezokhuseleko ukuze ukhuselwe iinkampu eziphambili. Ngokutsho kwamahemuhemu, i-Abakumov eneminyaka engama-26 ubudala inomdla kugxilwe kwaye bafazi abalibale malunga nenkonzo.
Kodwa "Ikhonkco" le "Fittutkik" (kuba amehlo akhe abizwa ngokuba yiminyaka emi-3: ngo-1937, umqeshwa oqhimileyo wakhuthazwayo: I-Abakumov yanikwa isihloko sobuxoki bobuncinci bolusu lukarhulumente. Ukusukela ngalo mzuzu kwindlela yokukhula komsebenzi kwi-chekist akukho zithintelo. Ngo-1938, uNikolai Abyamov - I-GB yeLieutenant GB kunye noMncedisi weNtloko yeSebe lezoMfihlo.
Kule thuba, ukunyamezelana nokunyamezela ngokwasemzimbeni kwaba luncedo kuye: ekuncinwe-nye, ubuxoki abubanjiweyo. Ukukhuthala kwabaselula "iGabhesta" yaphawula intloko yeSebe lezoMfihlo yaseBogdan Kobulov. "UCobulich", njengoko ubizwa, kungekuphela kwenkosi yesiphumo sikaTovita, kodwa nesandla sasekunene sikaLaurentia Beria.
Indumiso yakhe kunye neNgcebiso ngeViktor Abukomi iphelile ukuba yindlela: NgoDisemba 1938, i-Absakumus, inyathelo labelela inyathelo, labela inyathelo lokukhokelela kwingingqi yeRostov. Ngo-1940, iViktor Abyumov - enkulu kakhulu.
U-Lavrenty Berian waxabisa umoni ophetheyo kwaye azinikele, phakathi kwabantu abangenayo. Ngale nto ngoFebruwari 1941, uLavrenty Pavlovich walithabatha iSekela lakhe, kwaye imfazwe yaqala ukuba nomkhosi onyulwe emkhosini. Ehlotyeni, iViktor Abyakumov ifumene isihloko semikhomishini ye-GB yenqanaba le-3 le-3 elilinganayo kwinqanaba leLinkgenant-gestin.
Ngentwasahlobo yowe-1943, emva kokumiselwa kwakhona, ubuchule bomkhosi babuselwa kukunganyangeki kweBhera. Ngoku ulawulo oluphambili lwe-cortintalligence (isantya) iphantsi kweStalin, kwaye iViktor Abakumov indwendwe rhoqo kwi-ofisi ye-kremlin ephambili.
Kwicandelo lokuthathelwa ingqalelo yentloko yeSebe eliphambili le-Abukov - iTiphu yaseMkhosini, ukujongisisa okuqhutywa ngomxholo wenkxalabo. Kule ntsimi, inkokeli yomthetho imalunga noJoseph Vissisriavich. I-LISHE, i-SUHE STORTALS YOKUGQIBELA KWI-Marsshal George Zhukov, i-Grigol Grigolor Kulik, i-vasily gordov (zombini i-viktov) kwaye uninzi lwabantu lukhona uViktor Abukov.
I-odolo yokuqala yebhendi ebomvu intloko ye-smedz ifunyenwe ngo-1940. Ngexesha lemfazwe, ii-odolo ezimbini zesibhengezo ezibomvu, i-odolo ye-Suvov kunye ne-Kutov 1st, iodolo yenkanyezi ebomvu kunye ne-6 yemvula yongezwa kwimbasa.
I-odolo ye-suvorov ye-2nd degree viktor inikezelwa ngenxa yokugxothwa kwabantu base-Ingute nase-Chechen, kunye nengcinezelo kunye nokugxothwa kwe-prussia nasePoland kunikezelwa kwi-oda ye-Kutuzov. Ngo-1945, iViktor Semenovich - Colonel-Jikelele, kwiZenith yozuko kunye nentando yabantwana. Kunyaka olandelayo, i-stalin yamkelwa ubume obutsha bobulungiseleli bokhuseleko lukarhulumente, ukutshintsha uMphathiswa weVevlod Merklov Abimov.
UJoseph vissionovic wayefuna ukubona entlokweni yenkonzo yobulungiseleli bomntu ozinikeleyo kunye nokukhokelela koloyiko konke konke, kuquka ngaphezulu kwePolitiki. I-Viktor Abyamov ihambelana neekhrayitheriya: Intloko ye-CC (ke uStalin ibizwa ngokuba yiMGB) yayisoyika kwaye ithiywa. Abantu ababephila ngentloko "Chekist" bakhumbula ukuba wayekholiswa yimeko edabukisiweyo yoloyiko, ukrokrela indalo iphela kunye nentsingiselo yayo. I-Abyakumov iyakuthanda ukuqhayisa ukuba ulwazi lumelwe yiMGB isetwa emnqamlezweni, kwaye nobomi bamagosa aphezulu abaphathi abaphezulu kwe-ECHONOn.
Ababhali-mbali kunye nabaphandi baqinisekile ukuba kwisazela sikaViktor AbukoImov, ukubulawa komculi we-USSS SIMS SIMSSS. Kule "chekist No. 1" Kamva wavuma ukuba angancinwa, esithi uJosephu Stalin wayalela ukuba aphelise ii-mikhoels yi-MGB inyanzela, ingozi.
Ayizingaphantsi kuphela, kodwa ne-Abyakum ngokwakhe ebandakanyeke ekuphathweni nasekuthatheni amabanjwa. Kodwa ngonyaka we-1950s, i-pendulum iguquka kwelinye icala: Viktor Abyetov yangena kwinkokeli. Ukuqulunqwa kwe-MGB Leelium wazisa iiParbulls, ezithetha ukungathembani kweengcebiso zeChekist.
I-stalin ekugqibeleni isuse i-Abyakumov emva kokuba ibuyele kwiholide ngoDisemba 1951. Ixesha lokugqibela iViktor Stepanovich Lawela umbungu wenkokeli ngo-Epreli 1951, usuku emva kokususa kwindawo yemigangatho.
Ubomi Buqu
UVictor Abakumov uphakame, ngeempawu ezichanekileyo zobuso, uqinile kwaye womelele - uyonwabele impumelelo kubafazi. Ekuqaleni kwenkonzo yeChekist, wakhokelela kumagumbi okwenza amantombazana okuziphatha okulula okanye aqengqelekayo, malunga nawo abaphathi be-OGPU abawazi kwaye bawavala amehlo akhe kwi-pore.
I-Abyakumov itshatile intombi yomthamo odumileyo uNikolai Smirnov (Ornaldo Hypnetist) - UAntonine. Kungekudala uAntonina uMirnov waba ngumphathi wokhuseleko lukarhulumente.
Intsapho yeChekist yayingenazibonelelo zenyama. Amaqabane ahlala kwindlu yemitha engama-300, apho iintsapho ezili-16 zazikhutshwa ngaphambi koku. Xa ukukhangela, i-Abyakumovov yafumana ifanitshala enexabiso eliphantsi, inqabile ngelo xesha, iifriji, iiwotshi zamabhinqa kunye neewotshi zamadoda, ngokucacileyo imvelaphi, izibini ezingama-100 zangaphantsi.
U-Antonina Smirnov wabanjwa ngehlobo le-1951 kunye nonyana weenyanga ezimbini. Ibhinqa lachitha iminyaka emi-3 entolongweni. Bamvumela ahambe ngoMatshi 1954.
Unyana Igor Viktorovich uSmirnov waba yinzululwazi. Uye waphuhlisa itekhnoloji ye-psychodiaglestic. Wasweleka ngo-2004.
Ukubanjwa kunye netyala lolwaphulo-mthetho
I-Abyakumov ibanjiwe kwisigwebo somphambukeli ophezulu M. Rumin. URrubin wavuma ukuba intloko yakhe ayikhange inike ingxelo kwikomiti ephakathi yokusilela komsebenzi wobugcisa eJamani, apho i-Uranium ye-Uranium incinci kwiifektri ze-bismth. Kwaye waphulukana nokuphaphala kwakhe kwaye wavumela i-criiologist ye-YAKOVA EKELE, ngubani onokuthi axelele i-MGB malunga "namagqirha aphantsi". I-Russian ngobuzwe i-Abakumov ihlawuliswa ngeyelenqe leZionist.
NgoJulayi ngo-1951, ipolitiki ityholwa i-Abyakmov kwi "nkohliso yeqela". Nge-12 kaJulayi Wabanjwa yi-MGB. NgoFebruwari 1952, uStalin wayalela ukuba adlulisele imeko yabantu abathandwayo kwi-ofisi yomtshutshisi kwi-MGB. Ababekade bephantsi kwentloko etshutshisayo ngenzondelelo ekhethekileyo: Viktor Abyetov inamava 'apheleleyo "lokuhlukumeza, kubandakanya ukuhlala kwigumbi lokuphela.
Ngo-Matshi 1952, izolo intloko ye-SOSOCH kunye neMBB emva kokungcungcutheka kwi-LetThovo Play, ngokungafanelekanga igcinwe emilenzeni. Kodwa uViktor Abyemov akazange avume ukuba unetyala, uphando lwaluhamba kancinci. Watshintshelwa kwiNtolongo ye-Byyer. Iziphatho ze-handcupuff ayizange isuse ibanjwa.
UStalin wayenomdla kwikhondo lophando "ogqirha" kunye nemeko ka-Abukova-Schwartzman, evakalisa ukucaphukisa ngenkqubela kancinci yophando. NgoFebruwari 1953, phantsi koxinzelelo lwengcinezelo yonobhala ngokubanzi, uMphathiswa wezokhuseleko sikarhulumente uceba ukuba aqwalasele imeko kwi-collegium yasemkhosini ngaphandle kokutsala ukukhuselwa nezityholo kwaye zigwetywe ukudubula.
Ukufa kukaStalin khange kubenze uxolelo luka-Abukov. Ingqumbo yakudala yakhunjulwa ngu-Malenkov naseMolotov. I-Beria ukhuphele ngaphandle kwe-duncgeon abyengov ayizange ilumke.
Uninzi lwababhali-mbali luqwalasela izityholo ezityunjwe kwi-Akwa-Akwangamov jikelele ifakwe kude. Kwaye iGosa langaphambili leGooviet sudoplatov kwiizezisiko zabhala ukuba iViktor Abtor Abukom, ukubandezeleka okumangalisayo kunye nokuntywila, "ngenxa yoko ngentwasahlobo yowe-1953 yabanjwa.
Ukufa
Imeko kaViktor Abukoumova wabuya ngentwasahlobo yowe-1954 emva kokudubula kwe-beria, kumsukela kwi "Gai's Gang". Bamgweba ngendlu yesithili seLeningrad yamagosa ngamanye amabanjwa amahlanu. I-AbyakOv ityholwa ngokungabanjwa okungenangqondo, ukusetyenziswa kweendlela zolwaphulo-mthetho zophando kunye nokuqina kwamatyala aphandisayo. Abasebenzi abahlanu boonobhala abatyholwa ngokuqonda izikhalazo zibanjiwe. I-Abyakuv igwetywe ukudubula.
Isigwebo senziwa ngoDisemba 19, 1954 kwiLeviavian engenanto - eyayisakuba yi-Polygon yangaphambili ye-NKVD kwiLeridrad.
Ngo-2013, iViktor Abyakumova yavela kumangcwaba eRockytiki kwiikhilomitha ezilishumi ukusuka kwi-moscow yendlela. Ngokutsho kwenguqulo enye, intsalela yase-Abyemov ithuthwe eSt. Petersburg eMoscow kwaye yabalekela engcwabeni, kwelinye ilizwe - i-kenoath (ingcwaba lezinto ezifuziselayo ekungekho sisambuso).