Biography
Malunga nommeli we-zlakokoty wesilivere yenkulungwane uZidius wathi uThixo uyamzukisa "impahla yakhe yokunxiba", ukubakhulula abanye abantu 'kunye "namaqashiso" kunye "namaqashiso" kunye "namaqashiso" kunye "namaqashiso" kunye "ngamaqashiso". Umbhali uthande ukunyusa uluntu ngezinto zokukhupha, iingxelo ezothusayo kunye nokuziphatha okungaqhelekanga. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, yedwa aphilile imisebenzi yabanquli, abanye babonisa imbono yokutyeshelwa kwesibonakaliso saseRussia, besithi ubuhlakani bakhe yi-gestiocred.Ubuntwana noLutsha
NgoNovemba 8, 1868, igqwetha likolai Romanovich Hippius kunye nenkosikazi yakhe i-Anastasia valilytevna (iStepanova yazalwa njenge-zinaida. Intsapho yayihlala eBellev yePhondo, apho uNikolai Romanovich wanikwa khona emva kokuphela komthetho. Ngenxa yemigaqo yomsebenzi kayise wendawo yokuhlala esisigxina, uHikiius wayengenazo. Kwiminyaka yaBantwana, i-poetess ikwazile ukuhlala eKharkov, naseSt. Petersburg, naseSaratov.
Ngo-1880, uNikolai Romanovich ufumana isikhundla sejaji, kwaye intsapho iphinda ihambe: Ngeli xesha ilizwe laseNikolai Gogol sisixeko saseNezhin. Kuba kwakungekho phemmine ye-fennasium kwidolophu encinci, uZina wanikwa i-kiev iZiko lentombi yaseKieV, kodwa emva kweenyanga ezintandathu bayibuyisela endlwini awayeyichithe iinyanga ezintandathu kwimimandla yeziko.
Ukusweleka kukayise kwaba sisikimu esikhulu sezingobisi. Indoda yasweleka ngequbuliso ngoMatshi 1881 ukusuka kwisifo sephepha. Ekhohlo ngaphandle kokubakho, uAnastasia Vasneevna ngeentombi (iZinaida, uAnna, uNatalia kunye noTatiana) baya eMoscow. Apho uZina wanikwa umlingisi weGymnasium. Iinyanga ezintandathu zokufunda, i-poetess yexesha elizayo ikwafunyaniswa nesifo sephepha. Umama woyika ukuba bonke abantwana abazuze njengelifa utata utyekelo lokuba uCachotka ngekhe aphile ixesha elide, kwaye ke waya eCrimeda.
Ngenxa yolondolozo lukamama olugqithisileyo, ukufunda ekhaya sele kuphela kwendlela yokuqonda. IiSayensi ngqo azizange zinomdla kuncwadi. Ukususela kwiminyaka yokuqala ye-zina yaqala ukugcina iidayari kwaye ubhale imibongo - okokuqala ngcembe malunga namalungu osapho. Uye wakwazi ukosulela inzondelelo nerhuluneli.
Emva kwePrista, le ntsapho yafudukela eCaucasus. Kwakukho umntakwabo kamama - uAlexander Stepanov. Izinto zakhe ezibonakalayo zibavumele ukuba bachithe ihlobo eBorjomi. Kunyaka olandelayo, le ntsapho yaya eMangli, apho uAlexander Stepanov wasweleka ekukhokeleni kwengqondo. UHidiyo wanyanzelwa ukuba ahlale eCaucasus.
Ubuhle baseZlatovlasa bulawule ukoyisa i-tifli yolutsha. Umtyholi kunye neliso likaRus Malochy lakutsala amehlo, iingcinga, iimvakalelo zabantu bonke abaza kuye. IZinaida ibizwa ngokuba "yi-poetess", ngaloo ndlela ziyiqonda italente yakhe yoncwadi. Kwisangqa esahlanganisayo esimngqongileyo, wonke umntu wabhala imibongo, exelisa eyona ithandwayo ngexesha leSoman. Imibongo ye-hipsius yayisele igqithile kwi-5 yezinto ezizezona maqabane.
Uncwadi
Indlu kaMerezhkovsky yaba liziko lenkolo kunye nefilosofi nobomi beSt. Bonke ababhalisi abancinci kunye nababhali abaqalayo bephupha ngokufumana iindlela zoncwadi zamaqabane. Iindwendwe zeSalon zikuqonda ukuthembeka kukaHidiyo kwaye uninzi lwalukholelwa ukuba yeyona ndima iphambili kumanyathelo oluntu olwenziwa kwi-DMIMMGEeevich.Kwisangqa sobulo kwi-zinaida nikolaevna besikwizikhundla eziphezulu: kunye nokukhuthaza kwakhe i-Alexander Blok, wazisa i-novice ye-vallstam, unika umntu odumileyo USergey Yesenin.
Ukususela ngo-1888, waqala waprintwa: Ukupapashwa kwakhe kwaba yimibongo kwijenali "kwi-vestnik yasemantla", emva koko ibali "leYupile laseYurophu". Emva kwexesha ukupapasha amanqaku oncwadi kunye namanqaku amanqam, uthathe iPseudugungeloym - uAnton tyhekile. Olu ncwadi lwalubhala ngayo yonke into: Ngobomi ('kutheni "," ikhephu "), malunga nothando (" ukungabi nakhonza "), malunga" noDisemba 14 "," Ke, "ke, ayizukufa "), malunga nabantu (" Creek "," iglasi ").
Imibongo kaZinaida Hippius, kunye neproses merery merezkovsky, ayikhange ingene kubume boncwadi ngokubanzi oluzalufumanayo. Ke ngoko, abavakalisi baprinta imisebenzi yabo ngomngcipheko wabo.
IHidiyo Yayiyimvelaphi ye-neascent ye-neascent eRussia. Ndikunye ne-fer perdo, valery brusov, nikolai balmont, uKonstantin Balmont, Annena Annensky, owakhiwa yinqanaba "ngexesha lokuphila kwakhe.
Ezona njongo ziphambili ze-typius ze-typius-quya ngenyani yokwenyani kunye nokuzukiswa kwehlabathi le-fantasy, imvakalelo yokwaphuka ngenxa yokungavisisani nabantu kwaye kwangaxeshanye kunxanelwe ukuba lilolo. Kumabali eencwadi ezimbini zokuqala "(1896) kunye" nezibuko "(1898) zaye zavela kwimibono ye-Dostoevsky, ophulukene ne-hypis kwi-prism yendawo yakhe yehlabathi.
Ngophuhliso lombhali kunye nokuyila wombhali, inguquko yokuqala yaseRussia yayidlala indima enkulu (1905-1907). Emva kwakhe, ingqokelela ye "Mnyama" yamabali ama-"08), "iintsana" (1912) zaphuma (1912); Iinoveli "Doll" (1911), "Roman-Tsarevich" (1913). Ngemisebenzi yakhe, uHipius wathi ngaphandle kwe "moya yomoya", utshintsho lwentlalo alunakwenzeka.
Ukudibana ne-actyrkaya ye-actyrskaya ka-1917, uHippius nendoda yakhe inika eParis. Umsebenzi ofundiswayo weZinaida unemibongo, iinkumbulo kunye neentatheli. Wayethetha nohlaselo olukhawulezileyo kwiSoviet Russia kwaye waprofeta ngokukhawuleza.
Ukuhlalisa eParis, apho kuhlala khona igumbi elinamaxesha angaphambi kwexesha, i-meriazhkovsky yaphinda yathandana nombala we-Russia: UNikolai Berdyaev, ivanTantin Balmont, Ivan Bunin, Alexander Cooky, Alexander Cooky, Alexander Cooky, Alexander Cooky, Alexander Coky, Alexander Cooky, Alexander Cooky, Alexander Cooky, Alexander Cook Naback kunye nezinye.
Ngo-1926, amaqabane alungelelanisa imbonakalo yoncwadi kunye nefilosofi "- isibane esiluhlaza" - uhlobo lokuqhubeka kwe-Endonymous Uluntu lwase-Xix, apho i-alexander typkin ithathe inxaxheba.
Iintlanganiso zavalwa, kwaye iindwendwe zamenyelwa ngokukodwa kuluhlu. I-Alexey Redov, i-Boris Zaitsev, ivan Bunin, Nedan Bunin, nedan Bunin, uNadezhda Teffi, uMark Aldanov noNikolai Berdyaev bengabathathi-nxaxheba "beentlanganiso". Ngokuqala kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II, uluntu lwayeka ukubakho.
Ubomi Buqu
Ukuphila malunga nothando lwe-adventhes ye-advestical yemhlophe, iintsomi zafunyanwa. Ibhinqa elalineqela elikhulu labalandeli lalitshatile kanye. Umyeni wakhe wayeyintanda-bulumko ephosakeleyo kunye nembongi-i-Dhitry Merezkovsky. Umanyano lwabo lwaye lwaphinda lwachazwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo: I-Zinaida yachazwa kwiinoveli kunye nolwalamano lonke loncwadi lweSt. Petersburg, naseDMMMY-i-insulvency eyindoda. Kuphela ngabahlobo abasondeleyo babesazi ukuba la mangakanani abantu abahlukileyo babini babethandana.
Abantu abancinci badibana ngo-1888 eBorjmi. Apho, uHippius walungisa impilo yakhe, kwaye uMerezhkovsky, ehamba ngelo xesha eCaucasus, wayekwindawo yedolophu. Kwincoko yokuqala, uZinaida wayiva imiphefumlo yawo yobuchule. I-DMMMMY inomdla kwi-poetess eneminyaka elishumi elinesibhozo. Wayengabibuhle kakhulu ubuhle bentombazana njengengqondo yakhe. Emva kweenyanga ezimbalwa, indoda yenza isigwebo esithandwayo, yena, hayi olwesibini, wasabela ngesivumelwano.
NgoJanuwari 8, 1889, umsitho womtshato othobekileyo wenzeka kwi-Tifli. Usuku lomtshato esi sibini asikhange siqwalasele. Ekugoneni kwabo, Umntu ngamnye wabo waya emsebenzini: Mezhkovky - kwiprose, noHypiyo - kwimibongo. Kuninzi emva kwexesha kwi-poetess ye-poetess iyavuma ukuba iyinto yonke ukuba ingabalulekanga kangako ukuba wayengakukhumbulanga ngentsasa elandelayo xa wayetshatile.
Kuxhomekeka ngokuthembekileyo ukuba akukho lwalamano lusenyongweni phakathi kwamaqabane. UHippius Kwimigaqo akazange abe nomdla wokuvuya. Umfazi akacingi ngobomi ngaphandle kwezinto ezimbini: ukucamngca kunye nomsebenzi wengqondo. Yonke enye into ayidela kwaye yakhanyela, okanye igculelo. Ewe, iZinaida yebiwe yamadoda. Ishumi elinamali i-Madoning Madonna yayisazi indlela owonwaba ngayo ubuhle bakhe. Uthanda ukuba umdla kwaye wayekuthanda ukuba inomdla, kodwa ke imbalelwano ayizange ibe njalo.
"Ulwalamano" wayenalo nombhali nikolai Minsk, kunye ne-prosaik Fedvinsky, kwaye ngokugxekwa kwe-Akim Voly Volyvinsky. I-Pemoustica yam emhlophe eyamkelweyo ukuba ijonge ngamehlo ngaphandle kwenkumbulo yabathandi bamadoda akhe kwaye ibone eyakhe ibonakaliso.
Ngo-1905, i-Meriazhkovsky yasondela kwintanda-bulumko yeDmitha. Ababhali abacacanga nje kuphela, kodwa kwakhona bahlala. Emehlweni oMbutho, "umanyano" wombutho wababhali yayiphezulu yokungaqiniseki. Abantu bayamgweba uHidiyo, esithi, ukuba akawuba nokuziphatha, nomyeni wakhe.
Abasuki bakaMorrali balibale ukuba i-poessoss, kunye ne-vitrosophes ye-Dhitpy, ngenxa yokuba uluntu olubi lukhona, ngenxa yokuba uluntu olubi lukhona ngokwesondo olungelulo ngokwesondo, kwaye ukusuka kwenye ingcinga malunga nomfazi wakhe "wajika ngaphakathi." I-Cohabication yabo - imvavanyo elaphumelelayo, injongo eyayikutshatyalaliswa kwemilinganiselo yokuziphatha yaseZarad.
Nokuba yintoni na engahambanga malunga ne-poetess, nokuba iinoveli zayo bezingekabikho nto, kuba umphefumlo wababhalisi khange aqonde mntu, ngaphandle kwe-Dminaida UNikolaevna wayehlala isiqingatha senkulungwane.
Ukufa
Emva kokusweleka komyeni wakhe, uHipius waqala ukubhala incwadi ethi "Dmipry Merezhkovsky", kodwa ngenxa yokuba uZinaida ephela ukuba asebenze ngasekunene, akunakuwugqiba umsebenzi.Ukuhluthwa kwethuba lokwenza i-poetess ngokuthe ngcembe ilahlekelwa yingqondo. Umbhali wayefuna ukudibanisa kwakhona nomyeni wakhe ngokukhawuleza, azamile ukuya ehlabathini enye ngaphambi komhla obekiweyo. Emva kothotho lwentsilelo, iimbono zokoqobo zisebenza kakuhle, apho i-DIMMICGEEvich yayisaphila.
Owona mfazi rhabaxa ohamba ngekati. Ngolwesibini, isilwanyana esingashiyanga vistess sashiya umfazi kwakanye, ngomhla wokufa kwakhe. Ukufa, uZinaida Nikolaevna wazama nelize ukukhusela iminyaka yakhe yokugqibela ngezandla zakhe.
Ngorhatya lwe-1 kaSeptemba, ngo-1945, utata uVasily Zhenkovsky hippius hippius. Wayekuqonda okuncinci, kodwa umthendeleko waginywa. Intsomi yeSilutel ikwinkulungwane yaqhubeka i-Ablivion nge-9 kaSeptemba, ngo-1945 (eneminyaka engama-76). Wangcwatyelwa kumangcwaba waseRussia wase-Saint Saint-Geneva Deua engcwabeni elinye neqabane lakhe. Ilifa lembali lezimzimba ligcinwe kwingqokelela yemibongo, iidram kunye neenoveli.
I-Bibliography
- 1889-1903 - "Ukuqokelelwa kwemibongo"
- Ngo-1896 - "abantu abatsha"
- 1898 - "Izibuko"
- Ngo-1901 - "Incwadi yeBali lesiThathu"
- Ngo-1903-1909 - "Ukuqokelelwa kwemibongo"
- Ngo-1907 - "Isaphetha esibomvu"
- I-1908 - "Mnyama kwi-White"
- I-1911 - "Dostova Doll"
- Ngo-1912 - "Iintsana"
- Ngo-1913 - "Roman-Tsarevich"
- Ngo-1914-1918 - "Imibongo yamva"
- Ngo-1916 - "iringi eluhlaza"
- Ngo-1922 - "imibongo. Idayari 1911-1921 »»