Biography
Igama leGregory Yavlinsky lime kumqolo omnye ngamagama eOviet nabaPoli baseRussia abakhathalela utshintsho lwentengiso yekhadinali. Ingcali yezoqoqosho eye yasebenza kwiKremlin kwaye yachasa abasemagunyeni, bahlala kwitafile enye noMongameli Berthin kwaye bathathe inxaxheba kwizenzo zoqhankqalazo, bonke ubomi bakhe babiza kakhulu. Ngaphandle kwesimo sengqondo sokuthamba kwabantu, iqela elithi "Apple" lisekho iibhloko ezikhokelayo zaseRussia.Ubuntwana noLutsha
UGregory Yavlinsky wazalwa ngo-Epreli 10, 1952 kwiSixeko saseLvic Ukrainian SSR. Utata wezopolitiko ezizayo - uAlexey Grigorievich Yavlinsky (1917-1981) - ubomi buye bahlala umdla, bagcwala ngeziganeko. I-onyle eshiyekileyo, i-Alexey Fitrovchal. Ngo-1930, umntwana okwishumi elivisayo wawa eKharkiv Merive phantsi kobunkokeli buka-Anton Makareko.
Emva kokuphela kwakhe, waya kufunda ukuya esikolweni. Imfazwe yeMfazwe Yezwe Elinkulu yadlula, igqibile inkonzo kwindawo enkulu kwi-Czechoslovakia. Emva kwemfazwe, u-Alexey Javlinsky uphumelele kwiZiko leZiseko zeLviv kunye nesikolo esiphezulu seCandelo leMicimbi yaNgaphakathi. Wasebenza njengentloko yencwadi yombala woonyana bababhayisi.
Umama weYavlinsky - Vera Naumovna (1924-1997). Utata woqoqosho lwexesha elizayo wadibana naye xa wafika etyelele kwizihlobo ukuya e-LVVIv. Inyanga emva kokuthandana, abathandi batshata. Ibhinqa liphumelele kwiYunivesithi yaseLviv, yafundisa ikhemistri. Ndikunye noGregory, umntakwabo omncinci kaMisikali, owayehlala eLviv kwaye wabandakanyeka kusomashishini abenzi.
Intsapho yakwaYavlinsky ayitshayo. Kodwa uGregory Alekseevich ukhumbula ukuba abazali bengazisoli mali ngeholide yehlobo kunye nemfundo yabantwana. Indoda eyamkelweyo yafunda, yadlala ipiyano. Ukuzibandakanya kakhulu kwi-Boxting - kabini kwaba ntshatsheli phakathi kweenkuni zeUkraine. Ukususela ekuhlaleni, kwezopolitiko kube ziilwimi zasemzini. Ummelwane wabandakanyeka kulwimi lwesiNgesi oluncinci lwesiNgesi. Wayefunda esikolweni inguNombolo 3 yezixeko zaseLviv.
Kwiminyaka embalwa ngaphambi kokuphela kweziko lemfundo, uqeqesho lwangokuhlwa lwathunyelwa. Wayesebenza eposini, isityalo seglasi, umzi-mveliso wesikhumba. Emva kokuphumelela esikolweni ngo-1969, uYavlinsky waya eMoscow waza wangenisa iziko loqoqosho lweSizwe. I-Plekhanov, kwi-faculty yoqoqosho ngokubanzi.
Ezopolitiko
Ngo-1973, uYavlinsky wagqiba iziko ngediploma ebomvu, ngo-1976 - isikolo esiphumelele. Emva kokuphumelela kwisikolo sokuphumelela, iizalathiso kunye neenkcazo zomsebenzi eVniaugul zenziwa. Ngo-1978 wakhusela i-dissertation yakhe. Ngo-1980, iGrigenyoy Alekseevich yaba nguSekela iNtloko yeSebe leSebe loPhando, emva koko - intloko yeSebe loKhuselo lukaRhulumente. Ngelo xesha, ukuxabana kokuqala okungafunekiyo kwe-Economist yoMoya yaqala.Kwiminyaka yokuqala ye-80s, ikomiti yohambo ikhokelwa nguYuritalin yayingawuthandi umsebenzi we-jalus 'iphucule indlela yezoqoqosho kwi-USSR ", ethintela i-Isvie United States Union. Kwi-Mnonographi uGregob aletseevich waqiqa ngelithi kwakuyimfuneko ukuba ibuyele kwindawo enzima "ye-stalinist" yolawulo "okanye iqale ukuya kwintengiso yasimahla.
Isikhundla esinjalo saphikisana ne-ajenda yangoku. Iikopi ezininzi ze-100 yencwadi kunye nezinto zakho ze-novice zahluthwa phantsi komgaqo-nkqubo owosulelwe yi-ruberculosis. I-Yavlinsky yaba yindwendwe rhoqo kwi-KGB. Ibali lagqitywa ngokuhlala ixesha elide kwityhubhu evaliweyo. Bayikhuphe emva kokufika kukaMikhail Gorbachev.
Ngokusekwe kwi-bigody yebhayiloji eyandisiweyo kwi-Grigmeevich, ukusuka kwi-Econorist izamile ukususa, kulungile, ngokukhubazeka. Ngaphambi kotyando lokususa inxenye yemiphunga, omnye wabagqirha wancuma nomfana osempilweni, enobuncinci obuphilayo. I-Yavlinsky isiba esibhedlele, kodwa kungekudala sabuya nge-8 flooography evela kwamanye amaziko onyango, eqinisekisa ukungabikho kwesifo.
Ikwaxelela ukuba ugqirha oyintloko ucaciswe ngqo kwisigulana: "Inkqubo ihambile." Kungekudala, uYuri Andropov weza emandleni. Njengoko kubonisiwe kwi-Apple "Apple", i-Yavlinsky ikwazisiwe, igcina impilo ngokufumana "i-vainces".
Ngehlobo lowe-1989, owayesakuba ngumfundisi-ntsapho wase-Yavlinsky kunye nosekela-sihlalo weBhunga le-USSR Leon Alery Alery kwi-Alery yeBhunga le-USSR. NgoJulayi 14, 1990, iBhunga eliPhakamileyo le-RSFSR lavuma isekela-Sekela-Sihlalo weBhunga labaPhathi be-RSFSR. Kwangelo xesha, wakhwela iKhomishini yeLizwe kwinguqulelo yoqoqosho.
Inguqu igqityiwe kwisenzo senkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi- "500 yeentsuku" ezenziwe nguYavlinsky kunye ne-mikhalil Zadornov kunye ne-Alexei Mikhailov. Uqukethe ekuguquleleni uqoqosho lwemanyano kwiimeko zentengiso, ukungeniswa kobunini babucala, ukomeleza icandelo elincinci leshishini. NgoSeptemba 1, 1990, le nkqubo "yeentsuku ezingama-500" yabhengezwa ngaphambi kweBhunga eliPhezulu le-RSFRR.
Emva kokunikezelwa kwe-mikhail gorbachev, ukudibanisa le projekthi "ngeentsuku ezingama-500" zolawulo oluphambili ", uSihlalo weBhunga le-USSR), uYavlinsky warhoxa. Ngo-Okthobha 1990, uGrigori Alekseevich wavula iziko lophando lwezopolitiko noqoqosho. Ukususela ngo-Okthobha ukuya ngoDisemba 1991, yavlinsky - ilungu leKomiti yeNgcebiso ngezopolitiko phantsi komongameli we-USSR.
NgoSeptemba 1991, uJelthin waqwalasela uGregory Alegory Alekseevich kwisithuba se-rust yaseRussia, kodwa ethanda ukuhambisa i-hydar. Ngokuka-Economist, wayengafuni ukuwa kwe-USSR.
Emva kokutyikitya iJeltsin kwi-Belarus ", i-Veevezhsky", yavlinsky, ekuqhankwenisweni, zashiya urhulumente. Ipolitiki yenze owona mchasi uphambili weskimu sevancer sokwehla kwe-asethi ye-asethi yamashishini amakhulu aphambili acetywayo liqela le-Gadar.
Ngehlobo lowe-1992, i-Grigory Alekseevich, ngokomyalelo weRhuluneli Bori yase-Bori neMtsov, iye yaqulunqa inkqubo yokutshintsha uqoqosho lwe-Nizhny novgoroD. Iprojekthi ephuhlisiweyo yenze iziphumo ezilungileyo. Malunga neli xesha, uYavlinsky kamva waxelelwa kwinkqubo "i-resipozner".
Ngethuba lika-Agasti ka-1991, icala leJelthin kunye neBhunga eliPhakamileyo le-RSFSR. Emva kokusilela kwe-GCCP ethathe inxaxheba kukhangelo lwamalungu akhe. Ukuwa kuka-1993 emva kokusilela kwe-Okthobha i-Okthobha (apho i-Yavlinsky yathatha indawo esebenzayo yenkxaso ye-Grigori Alekseevich igqibe ekubeni enze iqela lezopolitiko. Ukulwa le ndawo kwi-tuma Duma, umbutho omtsha obizwa ngokuba ngu- "Apple" wasekwa. Kunyulo lweqela, isahlulo sabo savakale ngathi "injongo ayizithembi iindlela," zibekwe kwi-6th.
Ukuba uyakholelwa ukuba i-Yavlinsky kunye ne-biographers, ukukhula komndilili-175 cm) ngo-1994 ngenxa yesenzo sobuqhawe ngokwenene. Ukusuka kumajoni awayebamba i-chechen, abasemagunyeni baseRussia bayala. UJohar Dudav utyunjelwe i-Yeltsin I-Iltimatum: "Siyaqonda ukuba la ngamajoni akho, sibayeka, kwaye ukuba asizi ukuba, siyazidubula."
Emva koko i-grigmey alekseevich idluliselwe esidlangalaleni: "Benze imiyalelo. Unamaxwebhu akhethiweyo kubo, wafihla i-lepaulets yabo, akazange azixelele abazali. Ngoku baya kubatshabalalisa apho. Njengesekela likaRhulumente Duma, njengalowo wezopolitiko endiwaqonda la majoni kunye nesiRashiya. "
UYavlinsky wanyusa uDudaev ukuze atshintshele kuye. Emva kothethathethwano olunzima, uGregory Alekseevich wakwazi ukuthatha amajoni ahlala esi-7 kwaye ahlala engaphezulu kwama-20 avela eChechnya. Emva koko, wadlala umthendeleko ngexesha lokuhlaselwa kwabanqolobi kwiDubrovka (i-nord-ost).
Ngentwasahlobo yowe-1995, uYabloko wabhengeza ukuqala kwephulo elitsha lokuthatha inxaxheba kunyulo kwi-suma ye-duma. Ukutsala iphulo: Ukupheliswa kweMfazwe kuChechnya, uguquko lomkhosi, umboniso uqoqosho. Nge-4 kaDisemba, "I-Apple" yathatha indawo eyi-4 kunyulo kwi-suma ye-duma. KwiDuma, iqhezu elibhekiswe kwiqela elichasene nenkcaso. Amalungu eqela angabandakanywa kurhulumente.
NgoFebruwari 1996, i-Grigory Yavlinsky yonyula unyulo lukaMongameli. Kumjikelo wokuqala, wafumana amanqaku ayi-7.35% yeevoti kwaye wathatha indawo ye-4. Ngo-1997, ezopolitiko zavakalisa umnqweno wokuqhuba oomongameli ngo-2000.
Kuqala nge-2000s, wangena kwiKhomishini yeZizwe ngezizwe "(Intshona Melika, iNtshona Yurophu, i-Asia), uNjongo ka-Ania), uNjongo ka-AIA kukukhangela iindlela zokusombulula iingxaki zehlabathi. Kulonyulo luka-2000 uMongameli, i-Grigory Yavlinsky yathatha indawo yesi-3, enika indlela e-Vladimir Spin kunye neGennady Zyuganov.
NgoDisemba ka-2002, i "Apple" Iqela elilahlekileyo kwi-duma iDuma. Kwaye ngo-Matshi ka-2004, ngesigqibo sika-Presidium, uJavlinsky wala ukutyumba ukungaqiniseki konyulo lukaMongameli, ukubiza umzabalazo ukungalingani. NgoJuni ka-2008, wabanjwa ngokuthatha inxaxheba kwi-repy kwisithuba seNkokeli yeapile. Imisebenzi ethintelweyo yezopolitiko, ukuba ngutitshala kwi-HSE.
NgoDisemba ka-2011, iCongress ye-Yabllooko yonyula umgqatswa kamongameli kwisithuba sikamongameli waseRussia ngo-2012. I-CEC inqabile uGregory Alekseevich oBemishini. Isizathu yayilinani elilahlekileyo leevoti zevoti, kodwa uYavlinsky wabiza isigqibo se-CCC.
Ngo-2014, wagxekwa ngokuqatha korhulumente waseRussia kumgaqo-nkqubo wangaphandle. Inkcazo ye-Yavlinsky malunga ne-Crimea kunye neUkraine yabangela impindezelo enkulu kumaphephandaba: "U-Annexia we-irria uye wenzeka phantsi komsindo ... bafuna le (i-Ukraine) ukuba iphumelele kwaye ihlome yeRussia. "
NgoMatshi 4, 2016, uYavlinsky wabhengeza ukuthatha inxaxheba kunyulo lukaMongameli waseRussia 2018. Ukuphehlelelwa kwephulo lezopolitiko kuphawula ingxelo: "Ndiza kuphumelela unyulo ukusuka kwi-spin kwaye ndibuyise i-prorisa." Izimvo eziphambili emva koko zichazwe kwiPhabatha lePhathi "INYANISO YAYE
Ngokwenzululwazi yezopolitiko, iGregory Alekseevich iqhinga lenkqubo ye-borit Titov. Ezinye iintshaba ezikhanyayo, ukongeza kwi-vladimir spin, genady zyuganov kunye neVladimir Zhirinovsky, yaba nguPavel Beadlin,
Ilinsi le-Alery Gregory AleryEevich yaba lisenzo "ixesha lokubuyela ekhaya", eliqale ngoJuni 19, 2017. Injongo kukuqokelela i-siginetings ukuze uqhubeke nokuphuma kweRussia kwiingxabano. Slogan Yavlinsky:
"Ukuziphatha njengo-Superpower, kuyafuneka ukuba yiyo. Kwaye oku akunakwenzeka kuqoqosho olunjalo, oko sinako namhlanje. "Ubomi Buqu
I-Grigory Yavlinsky itshatile. Umlingane-I-Elena AatolyEvna, injineli yezoqoqosho. Esi sibini sinabantwana ababini. UJR., UAlexey, wazalwa ngo-1981. Uphumelele kwisikolo sabucala kunye neyunivesithi evulekileyo eLondon. Imisebenzi kwi-england injinila-umphandi wokudala iinkqubo zekhompyuter.
I-MAGEAXIAP, uMikhail, unyana weqabane lomtshato wokuqala, wazalwa ngo-1971. Uphumelele kugqirha ugqirha kwi-MSU ekhethekileyo "ye-Nuclear Physics", isebenza ngentatheli. Emva kokuthathwa kukaMichael nakwizoyikiso zezopolitiko, uGregory wase-Alekseevich ngo-1994, usapho lwagqiba kwelokuba lufunde oonyana eNgilani.
Iziganeko ezoyikisayo kubomi bakhe buqu zenzeka emva kohambo lukaJavlin ukuya eChechnya. Kufanelekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba inyathelo alikhutshelwa nje, uMikhail watshutshiswa kakhulu. Kwangelo xesha, umphathi weSikolo seMoscow, apho uAtexey wafunda khona, wacela i-Economist ukuba ithathe unyana esikolweni, njengoko kwakusoyika uhlaselo lwabanqolobi olunokwenzeka.
I-Grigory Yavlinsky ngoku
Ngoku i-grigomey alekseevich ihlala nenkosikazi yayo kwilali yase-Asspensky kwiSithili se-Odikisor yengingqi ye-MOSCOW. "Instagram" ayisebenzisi, "facebook" kunye "ne-twitter" ivela kwiindawo zale mihla. Ihlala iba lundwendwe lweenkqubo "njengeemvo ezikhethekileyo". Inkqubo yezopolitiko, iingxelo, ibhayiloji kunye neefoto zihlaziywa kwiwebhusayithi esemthethweni ye-Yavlinsky.
Kuphela ngoFebruwari 6, 2021, inqaku elithi "Ngaphandle kwe-PAPINIsm" lavela, elibangela isiqu senkcaso yenkcaso yaseRussia. Ingcali yezoqoqosho igxeke uAlexei Navalny, othi, ngokutsho kukaGrigoria Yavlinsky, isebenzisa impindezelo ngokuxhasa abemi bayo ukuze batsalele ingqalelo kuye.
Nge-12 kaFebruwari, le ngxoxo iyaqhubeka ngexesha lodliwanondlebe nenkqubo "ichukumisa" kwisikhululo sikanomathotholo "echo se moscow". Ukufakwa kweNavalny, umhleli oyintloko we-Alexey Venediktov.