Biography
UBob Dylan, mhlawumbi, omnye wamanani aqaqambileyo kuMculo weHlabathi. Le yindoda ebuzileyo kwaye isabeka imeko ye-folk kunye neentshukumo zelitye kwihlabathi liphela. UKnockin kumnyango wezulu kwaye wonke umntu wemibuyekezo akanakuze afumane ukubaluleka. Ukongeza kumculo, i-biography yedrafti ye-bob Dylan ixhunyiwe ngokusebenza kunye nobuqhetseba bobugcisa, kunye neencwadi zokubhala.Ubuntwana noLutsha
Igama lokwenyani leDylan - Robert Allen Zimmerman. Imvumi yexesha elizayo yazalwa nge-24 kaMeyi, ngo-1941 kwidolophu yaseDuluth, eMinnesota. Oosihlo bookhokho be-bob kumgca katata ngo-1905 bafudukela eUnited States evela kuOdessa, abaleka ekutshutshiswa kwamaYuda. Umakhulu kunye notat'omkhulu ovela kwicala likamama wayefudukela eMelika ukusuka eLithuania. Abazali bonyana, u-Abraham Zimmerman noBetris, babenendawo ekuhlaleni kwamaYuda.
Xa uDilan wayeneminyaka eyi-6, usapho lwenkwenkwe lwathuka iindaba ezoyikisayo: UBob wafunyaniswa ene-polinomylitis. Intsapho kwakufuneka ijonge amagqirha anobuchule obunokunceda ukujongana nesilitho. Ke, uZimmerms fudukela kwidolophu ebizwa ngokuba yi-hibbung.
Ukususela kwiminyaka yokuqala, uBob Dilan uqengqeleka kumculo: Inkwenkwe ayizange ihambe kude nonomathotholo. Uninzi lwazo zonke uDilan watsala i-blues kunye ne-folk, ngakumbi ekusebenzeni kweemvumi ezifana noHank Williams kunye ne-Guthiri. UDidan wayechukumisekile ngumsebenzi wale magcisa, nto leyo kwi-Bob yayo yokuqala ye-Bob iya kulandelwa ngokucacileyo ngendlela yomdlalo kunye nokwenza i-witri kunye neGatri.
Sele xa le ntsapho ifudukele ekubambeni, iRobert encinci yaqala ukubazisela izixhobo zokuqala zomculo. Yayiyigitare kunye nomlomo we-ratonica. Emva koko inkwenkwe iqala ukuzama amandla akhe kwaye kwimibongo yokubhala. Ayizihoyi iikonsathi ze-Star kunye neKhonkco sesikolo: Umsitho onqabileyo wenziwa ngaphandle kwentetho yeDylan. Emva koko, kwi-ensemble, imvumi iye kwindawo yeeklabhu nemivalo, akukho mntu uneentloni inani elincinci loluntu.
Ngo-1959, uRobert wangena eyunivesithi, kodwa uhlala wafumana ixesha kunye neeklasi zomculo. Malunga nexesha elifanayo, umzobi waqala ukunika iikonsathi kwiklabhu ye-minneapolis. Into yazalwa i-alias yokuqala yeRobert Tsimmerman - Bob Dylan. Ngaphandle kwento yokuba amanqatha kubomi buka Dilan asahlala eninzi, okokuqala uya kuhlala kuye kwaye eyona nto ibalulekileyo. UBob uyasikwa egameni likaRobert. Ifani yomculi, ngokutsho kwenye yeenguqulelo, ibolekwe kwindinyana ye-Wels ye-Delsh Tylan Tylas.
Ukuqala kwe-Drier
Njengoko kusenzeka njalo, umsebenzi unomdla kwi-udilan oselula ukuba uthathe isigqibo sokuphosa iyunivesithi kwaye wenza ishishini lakhe elithandwayo. Ngo-1961, uBob uhamba eNew York. Apho imvubule iqala ukunxibelelana noogxa kumanqanaba ocweyo, ahlangabezana nabadlali abadumileyo belo xesha kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe baqala ukuzoba kwiqela elibizwa ngokuba liqela. UDilan wayenethamsanqa ngokwaneleyo ukuba angancokola nge-Woody Guthirie, i-Kumir ye-Orphanage.Iingoma zeBob Dilay ngokuthe ngcembe zidume njengabathandi bomculo kwisitayile sabantu. Kanye kwikhonsathi, uBob wajika waba nguRobert Worbert Sheelton, owachukunyiswa yi-Dylan, kwaye sele emva kwexesha elithile kunye nokukhuthaza imvumi etyikitywe isivumelwano neRekhodia. Oku kwenze ukuba kwenzeke ukuba iqale ukusebenza kwi-albhamu elindelweyo. Iplate yokuqala kaBob Dilan yavela ngo-1962. Yabizwa ngokuba nguBob Dylan. Le albhamu iqukethe iingoma zengoma ezidumileyo kwisitayile kunye ne-folk, kunye nokusuka kwi-abs yengoma yombhali. Ngokukhawuleza emva kokukhululwa kwe-albhamu ye-Debut, imvumi ithathe igama elinguBob Dylan.
Emva konyaka kamva, uBob wavuya abalandeli i-albhamu yesibini ye-freewhelin 'uBob Dylan, iingoma ezizele luqhankqalazo lwezopolitiko. I-Dilan's yanyanzelisa ukuba iingoma ezivela kule pleyiti zenziwa kwilungiselelo le-Acoustic ngokuthatha inxaxheba ngokukhethekileyo kunye negitare, nangona umculo ngokwakhe wayenomdla welitye kunye nokwamkela imvume. Iingoma zawa luluntu, kwaye i-spelon 'kwingoma yomoya kwafuneka ibe kwindlela ekumloni wokulwa amalungelo abantsundu.
Ngo-1964, uDitani wakhulula ii-albhamu ezimbini ngokulandelelana. Ukuqulunqwa kweepleyiti zokuqala ngamaxesha ayo a-changngin 'asazaliswe ziimvakalelo zoqhanqalazo. Kwi-albhamu yesibini, iingoma zombhali zangeniswa, zazaliswa ngeli xesha kwindlela yesingqisho kunye neeblues. Abagxeki bagxininisa ngokwahlukeneyo isicatshulwa esinzima sembongi - iminyaka emininzi yokuhambisa imvumi yehlabathi elichaphazelekayo. Ngeli xesha, imvumi iya ithandwa kakhulu, mhlawumbi iifoto zikaBob zivela, mhlawumbi, ekuqokeleleni yonke iMelomanana, kwaye nayiphi na i-bob yentetho iba sisiganeko sokwenyani kwihlabathi.
Unyaka olandelayo odluliselwe uDilan phantsi kophawu lwelitye le-Folk. Imvumi ivelisa iingoma ezisele zidume kunye nelungiselelo elitsha. Emva koko uBob waqokelela ibhendi yelitye kwaye wabhala irekhodi lekhaya lasekhaya. Nangona kunjalo, isiqalo esitsha kwimisebenzi yeBob ekuqaleni sasingafikeleli ekuqondeni abalandeli: Zikho iingoma ezintsha ezivela kwisithixo, zibonisa uqhanqalazo lweNtlalo. Kwikonsathi ye-folk kwi-Newport Pronerglene den. Kwakuloo nyaka, umzobi wabhala i-albhamu yelitye elibizwa ngokuba yi-readhoy 61 ihlaziyekile. INgoma ye-Bob ye-Dilan njengelitye eliqengqelekayo, elandulelayo yindawo yokuphuma kweplate, ihlala isebenza kwaye ngeli xesha.
Ilitye lelizwe
Ngo-1966, uBob wangena kwingozi yemoto enkulu. Ukulinganisa emva kokulimala kunye nokuvumisa, umculi waphila ixesha elithile, uqokelela izinto zeplate elandelayo kwaye uvavanye izitayile zokwenza izinto kunye nohlobo lomculo.
Iziphumo zolu hlobo lweholide yokuyila yayiyiAlbum Yohane Weskey Harding, ebone ukukhanya ngo-1967. Iirakhi ezivela kule pleyithe zaziswa ngomxube omangalisayo womculo welitye. Oku kwazalwa ikhosi entsha kumculo wehlabathi-iLitye eliLizwe. Ngequbuliso ngokwaneleyo, inkanuko entsha yeBob Dianana kwakhona ayizange ithande abalandeli esele ikho, kodwa wanika umcudi osele ekho, kodwa wanika imvumi kwimvumi yelizwe.
Emva kwexesha elithile, uDylan wafudukela eNashville, owayethathwa njengekomkhulu lomculo welizwe. Umculi uyaqhubeka nokuzama indlela yokuphunyezwa kunye nelizwi lelizwi. Iziphumo zokufuna ukufuna kwendalo yayiyi-Nashville Skyline Skyline, irekhodwe kunye ne-Johnny Cache. Ebutsheni beminyaka yee-1970, amahemuhemu esasasaza ukuba uDylan "wazalwa" kwaye unamava okuyisiza. Imvumi ibalulekile ukuba ibe nzima: Iphango lomsebenzi kunye nokhenketho lachukunyiswa, kodwa uBob waqhubeka nokurekhoda iingoma ezintsha. Ke, kwi-discoricy yomculi, iplate yayo entsha yavela, eyathi yabetha iminyaka emininzi.
Kunyaka emva koko, uBob wabhala iplanethi elandelayo ye-albhamu kwaye kwaoko waya kutyelelo olukhulu lwezixeko zaseMelika. Olu tyelelo luya kubizwa ngokuba yeyona nto inkulu kwimbali yomculo we-Rock. Kungekudala wazisa igazi le-albhamu kwimikhondo, iingoma ezazikho zobuqu kakhulu: imvumi yabelana nabalandeli ngamava akhe. Impumelelo yale diski yayiyi-colossal.
Umculo wamaKristu
I-albhamu icotha i-quist, ikhutshwe ngo-1979, yaphawula i-SINGMPE eNtsha kwimisebenzi yeDylan: Imvumi yaphethwe kakhulu ngumxholo wobuKristu. UBob oye wenza njengomchasi ovuthayo iphosografi kunye nobuhenyu. Kwaye enye yeengoma zakhe ezithunyelwayo zisebenzela umntu othile waphawulwa libhaso leGrammy kwicandelo "eyona nto ilungileyo yelizwi.Nangona kunjalo, le disc, njengeealbhamu ezithile ezazilandele, zasilela ukuba zisilela: abalandeli bayala ukuqonda "i-" entsha "dilan. Ukuzama ukudlulisela izimvo ezintsha zabaphulaphuli, imvumi ayizange isebenzise i-vermore esele idume kakhulu kwiikonsathi, kodwa ibonakalise ukholo. Inkxaso evela kubalandeli emitsha ye-speeves ayifumananga.
Ukwehla kwezorhwebo
Ngaphandle kokwehla umdla kuluntu emsebenzini wemvumi, waqhubeka esenza iikonsathi. Ngo-1985, uBob wathetha eMoscow, obe nefuthe kuphuhliso lweSoviet Rock Rost: UManeru we-Bob Dilan wayezama ukwamkela i-bob Grebenchikov, eMike Naumenev, eqalisa ukulandela indlela yabo emangalisayo.
Ngo-1988, uBob wabhengeza ukuqala kotyelelo olungapheliyo loTyelelo olungenasiphelo, olwanikelwa ngokungaze uphumle. Olu tyelelo alugqithanga kwaye unanamhla. Incoko eneminyaka emibini kutyelelo yenzeka ngo-2007 kwisixeko saseDiton, eOhio.
Kwangelo xesha, kunye nabahlobo bakhe noogxa bakhe, uGeorge Harrison, i-Tom Petty, uRoy Orbison wadala i-Wilburys Supergroup elandelayo ikhuphe i-albhamu ezimbini.
Kwimithombo yeBob yazo ye-SET ebuya xa kusenziwa i-albham emhlabeni. Ezinye ii-hits zikazwelonke ezidumileyo ziye zatolikwa kombhali, kwaye i-ballad ka-Lne Pilgrim yayidibana kakuhle nabagxeki kunye nabathandi bomculo.
Ngo-1997, uDylan wasinda kwiingxaki ezinkulu zentliziyo. Imvumi yayilahliwe esibhedlele, kodwa yonke into iphelele kakuhle. Kwakuloo nyaka, uDylan watyelela i-promopi ye-rografi kwi-bogna, esekwe kumagama egazi 'emoyeni.
IXesha elitsha
Kwangelo xesha, ngo-1997, kwamenyelwa imvumi ukuba ihlangane noBill Clinton, owayekulo xesha uMongameli waseUnited States. Kwimozulu ecacileyo, uDiben waveza embindini we-kennedy.Ukubonwa okukhulu kweBob: Emva kwexesha, uDylan wakhupha ixesha ngaphandle kweplate yengqondo, eyaphinda yamangalisa abalandeli. Abagxeki be-albham kunye nabaphulaphuli badibana kakuhle. Ngo-1999, uBob wafumana amabhaso e-Oscar neGolden Globe yokwakhiwa kwezinto itshintshiwe, eyayisetyenziswa njenge-soundrack kwimovie "yoqondakala".
Idiski elandelayo ayizange ilinde: ngo-2001, uthando kunye nepleyiti yenkunkuma. Le albhamu iphinde yabonisa italente ye-Delan ye-Delan, ngeli xesha bendizama njengeJazzman. Irekhodi yale mihla, ikhutshwe ngo-2006, iphinde yathandwa. Abagxeki baphawula ukuba ilizwi lemvumi yaba lukhulu ngenxa yobudala, kodwa i-albhamu yadibana kakuhle. I-disc ingenise imvumi kwibhaso leGrammy njengoMdali weProjekthi yeLitye leSolo.
Imibongo yezicatshulwa, abo bagxekwayo bahlala bephawula, banika uBob Dilan Paice. Eli bhaso, laziswa ngo-2008, laphawula impembelelo yokuba umculi abe nenkcubeko yomculo wehlabathi. Kunyaka kamva, umzobi wafumana elinye imbasa: Barack Obama, uMongameli wase-United States, wanika imbasa yomculo wenkululeko - enye yeebhaso zaseMelika.
Ngo-2016, kwenzeke imeko yokufuna ukwazi: UBob Dilan wanikwa ibhaso likaNobel kwicandelo loncwadi, ephawula igalelo lomculo kuphuhliso lwengoma ye-US yokuyila. Ukuhlekisa yinto yokuba iindaba ze-pircunglimentyile zincinci, kuba ngokuhlwa kwalo mhla wanyanzelwa ukuba enze intsebenzo kwiLas Vegas.
Iincwadi
Ekutshintsheni imisebenzi yokuyila, iDylan inikele ingqalelo kuncwadi. Inoveli yakhe yokuvavanywa ivele ngo-1966. Xa ubhala i-tarantla, umbhali wasebenzisa ukuhamba kwendlela yokwazi. Ngaphandle kwento yokuba imvumi ngokwayo yathelekisa le ncwadi 'ndibhala, njengoko ibhalwe nguJohn Lennon, wafumana uphononongo olubi. Kwaye ngo-2003, kwangaphaya kwenqanaba le-5 leziphakamiso ezingacacanga ezivela kwiincwadi ezibhalwe ziimvumi. "
Imvumi yabuya kwi-Epistoalar ngo-2004, yakukhupha i-autobiography ye "Kronike", ezazingcwalisayo ukuya kunyaka wokuqala wobomi eNew York. La mava aguquka ukuba aphumelele ngakumbi: Inoveli ifikelela kumgca wesibini kuluhlu lweetafile ezithandekayo zeNew York Times kwaye ityunjelwe iBhaso lencwadi yeSizwe ye-US.
Iifilimu
Ukongeza kumculo, uDylan wayenomdla kwi-cinema. Ebutsheni bakhe, imvumi yenze umqambi weefilimu ezininzi, kwaye yazama njengomdlali wepeyinti "iRenaldo neClara" kunye "ne-billy umntwana".Iingoma zenkanyezi zinesandi esinesandi ngaphezulu kwamakhulu amathandathu eepeyinti. Phakathi kwazo, ungaphawula "umkhweli ongenangqondo" uPeter (kulungile, ingoma (ingoma ye-chang i-a-chankin '), "Big Lebovski" Cohen (umkhondo wendoda kum).
Ngo-2003, uBob waze wabhala iskripthi "Show" Show "iqhekeza igama elikhulu phantsi kwe-pseuduundury sergey petgey. Ngo-2005, umfanekiso wabonakala u "Akukho ndlela ibuyayo: Bob Dylan". Le filimu ithetha malunga neminyaka emihlanu ukusuka kubomi bemvumi: Ukususela ngo-1961 ukuya ku-1966. Umsitho wefilimu ugubungela ixesha elaqala ukuhambisa umculo ukuya eNew York kwaye yaphelisa ngengozi yemoto.
Umlawuli wepeyinti yayinguMartin Starsin, owayenako ukudlulisela uhlobo lweDylan, amava akhe kunye nelizwe langaphakathi kwiscreen. Ngapha koko, le filimu igqithile kwibali lomculi omnye: UBob nabanye abadlali bethetha ixesha elide kwihlabathi elide.
Enye iteyiphu yebhayiloji - "Akukho kum," -nikezela ngobomi kunye nendlela yokuyila yemvumi, yenziwa ngumlawuli uTodd Haynes. IKate Blanchett, iphinde yaqala kwakhona umlinganiswa ophambili, wanikwa i-Oscar.
UDylan wayenomdla kwintsebenziswano kwaye xa esenza ifilimu "Mauritan". Umfanekiso apho ingoma ingoma ingoma ingoma ibandakanyiwe kwi-sockrack, yaya kwizikrini ngo-2021.
Ubomi Buqu
Ubomi bobuqu boBob Dilan yayingabinamdla kangako kunomsebenzi womculo. Uthando lokuqala lwabantu abadala lwemvumi waba ngumculi onetalente ogama linguSirius Rotolo. Abantu abancinci badibana ngo-1961. Ifoto entle ye-Sew yabekwa kwisiciko se-freewhelin 'i-disc. Ngelishwa, obu budlelwane buqhawukile: le ntombazana yayingeyongqwalaselo yanele enye intanda. Emva kokuhluka, uphando lufudukele e-Itali.
UDylan wayifumana kakhulu ilahleko yentanda. Iimvakalelo zemvumi zadityaniswa kwiibhutsi zengoma yesiSpanish. Kunyaka kamva, uRotolo Rotolo wabuyela eMelika, ubudlelwane noDylan bathabatha ixesha elingakumbi, kodwa ekugqibeleni le ntombazana yaphula intliziyo yemvumi. I-Dylan ivelise iintlungu kwingoma elandelayo ye-ballad ecacileyo D.
Kungekudala, intliziyo kaDiben yatyhala ngothando kwakhona. Ngeli xesha, uJoan Baez waba ngumculi onyuliweyo. Le ntombazana yenze iingoma ngohlobo lwe-folk. Inqanaba lothando lweemvumi ezimbini zaba nguManyano: UJoan wacula iingoma ezininzi ezibhalwe nguBob, umzekelo, uvuthuza 'emoyeni. Nangona kunjalo, obu budlelwane baphela: Ngo-1965, kwaqhekeza isibini.
Emva koko imvumi yaya i-Adress Eddgevik, imvumi encinci yanikwa iGillepi kunye nemodeli enomdla yePlayboy Magazine i-Sarah. YayinguSara okwazile ukuyifumana ibhola yeBob Dilan ixesha elide. Abathandi batshata. Iqabane lethu lokuqala elisemthethweni Umculo unikezele ngengoma yenkosi ye-eye yanenekazi lemigangatho yamanzi. Lo mtshato wanika uBob ukuya kuDilan abantwana abane. Nangona kunjalo, kwanale nyaniso ayizange ilondoloze ubudlelwane bomsantsa: Ngo-1970s, uDiben waqonda ukuba umfazi owayekunye naye ngengamqondi ngokupheleleyo. Imvumi yokutya okutshata kwaye, oko kufunwayo, kucwangcisiwe kuwo onke amangcwaba.
UBob Dylan watshintsha inkohliso, ezama ukufumana loo nto, kuphela ubudlelwane kunye nokuqonda okuncinci okuyileyo kuya kuzisa. Ukukhangelwa kwabethwe ngempumelelo ngempumelelo: ICaroline dannis yaba ngumfazi wesibini kaDylan, i-wack-vocalist yeqela lomculo kaBob. Umtshato wesibini wanika iMpilo yentombazana uDezir Gabriel Dabis Dylan, owazalwa ngo-1986. Ngelishwa, ngo-1992, kwaqhambuka isibini, kwaye ukusuka ngelo xesha uBob Dylan ethathwa njengeBachelor enomdla.
Bob dylan ngoku
Ngoku uBob Dylan, ngaphandle kwexhego, usakhepheshe kwaye afaka imikhwa kwaye afaka imikhwa emitsha. Ngo-2020, imvumi ikhuphe ikliphu kumprofeti wobuxoki yengoma. Ukwenza ividiyo, indlela ye-NOR yakhethwa. Le yingoma yesithathu eyandulela i-disk yediski yayo kwaye ihambahamba.Ukushwankathela umsebenzi oneminyaka engama-60 ubudala, ngo-1521 uDylan wagqiba kwelokuba athengise ilungelo kuzo zonke iingoma zakhe zendalo iphela. Isixa sentengiselwano, kwi-NYT, yayiyi- $ 300 yezigidi.
I-discography
- Ngo-1962 -Bob Dylan
- Ngo-1964 - amaxesha ayo a-chajin '
- Ngo-1970-I-Vererait yokuLunga
- Ngo-1980 - Ugcinwe.
- Ngo-1981 -udlule uthando
- Ngo-1986-inkqonkqozisiwe
- Ngo-1988-phantsi kwi-Groove
- Ngo-1990 - phantsi kwesibhakabhaka esibomvu
- Ngo-1992 - Kulungile njengoko bendikho kuwe
- Ngo-1993 - iHlabathi lihambe kakubi
- Ngo-1997 - ixesha ngaphandle kwengqondo
- 2006 - Amaxesha aNyaka
- Ngo-2009-kunye nobomi
- Ngo-2012 - evuthuza.
- Ngo-2015 - izithunzi ebusuku
- Ngo-2016 - Iingelosi eziwileyo
- Ngo-2017 - kathathu.
- I-2020-Iindlela ezirhabaxa kwaye zikrozo
I-filmography
- Ngo-1960 - "BBC: NgeCawa yangokuhlwa piez"
- Ngo-1973 - "Page Garrett kunye neBilly Kid"
- Ngo-1978 - URenaldo noClara
- Ngo-1987 - "Iintliziyo zomlilo"
- 2003 - "Show Show"
I-Bibliography
- Ngo-1966 -Tauerl
- Ngo-2004 - 'YEZIGANEKO'