Biography
Ummeli oqaqambileyo we-Artite yenkulungwane ye-19, uMikhail VrubEl, wayeqinisekile ukuba ubuchule buyafana nesikhokelo somlingo, esinokukhokelela kumhambi, unokukhokelela kwi-maze okanye ezulwini, okanye esihogweni. Ngaphandle kokuqhekeza iikompi ezamkelweyo ngokubanzi, uMdali wayeyazi indlela yokungena ngayo ubuso bomhlaba ukuba kunye nabo bonke iindawo zakhe zokuthandana, zibonisa ukuba ziyinkundla yokupeyinta abathandi bepeyinti.Ubuntwana noLutsha
I-mikhail alexandrovich vrubuel yazalwa ngoMatshi 5, 1856, ibekwe kwi-cogger yemijelo ye-Irtysh kunye ne-Omsk City Omsk. Utata womculi uAlexander Mikhailovich - kwixesha elidlulileyo, igosa le-terrain, ilungu leMfazwe yoMbumo kunye nokulwa eCaucasus, igqwetha lasemkhosini. Umama ka-Anna Grigorievna - isalamane se-perbristin bantwana-sazalela abantwana aba-4 saza safa xa uMikayeli wayeneminyaka emithathu ubudala. Kwiminyaka emibini kamva, utata wakhe watshata nenqanawa yase-Elizabeksheya yesibini kaElish. Ngenxa yolu hlobo loloyikayo, umfazi othandekayo kunye nokuqonda komculo kuhlala kumculi wobomi.
Ngokunxulumene neenkcukacha zomsebenzi wentloko yentsapho, iivrubels zihlala zishunyayelwa esixekweni. Ngo-1865, intsapho yafudukela kwingingqi yeVolga, apho uKolonent Colonel Vrubel wamkele umthetho weqela leqela lephondo. KwakuseSaratov, uMichael wabona ikopi ye-Frescoas yeCustoptor yase-Itali kunye neNkundla eyoyikisayo ye-michelangelo ", awathi, ngenxa yokuzala, ukuba avelise zonke iinkcukacha emva kokubukela.
Utyekelo loNyana wakhe lwalunwaba nguAlexander Mikela, kodwa akazange enze utshintsho kwizicwangciso apho intloko yentsapho yayinendlala. Imisebenzi yobungcali yaseMikhail yamiliselwa kwangaphambili ukusuka ekuzalweni kwakhe. Umfana onesimo sengqondo esisesikweni akazivaliswa ngamathemba okuba ligqwetha, kodwa uYise akazange afumane.
Ngo-1874, uVrubel wangena kwicandelo lomthetho weYunivesithi yaseSt. Imali eyi-Mikhail esebenzayo kwi-mikhail hypnotic: Indawo yemyuziyam yoyilo, apho yonke indlu, yonke indlu yayinembali yayo, yathimba umfana onyanisekileyo. Wayehlala nezalamane kwisitalato kwigalari kwi-47 indlu, kunye nendawo yokuhlala (kwiNdlu ye-53) kangangesiqingatha senkulungwane, umprofeti woncwadi wemisiwe nguAlexandeevich Suinkin.
Ubomi obuzimeleyo ngaphandle kwesakhelo kunye nezithintelo zikaTata zaphefumlela i-mikhail. Lo mfana wayenako, ngaphandle koyika ukuvutha kwentloko yentsapho, ehamba kade enabafundi kunye nabahlobo, ukuxoxa ngomxholo womculo wenyani. Kwiminyaka yobudala, uVrubel waqhelana nomqambi we-Petrovich ye-Petrovich. Lo mzobisi obalaseleyo uzaliswe ziingcinga zakhe, iinkolelo zakhe kunye nenqaku lokuphela kwehlabathi lokomoya likaMikhail de kube sekupheleni. Phantsi kwembono yokuba kuqhekeke kangakanani ipiyano, ukuzalisekisa "i-daa" yiRechitive, i-mingail divimo yazisa imifanekiso ye-goust ne-mephistofel, yona kwixesha elizayo umculi wabandezeleka.
Kwangelo xesha linye, uVerubel wayeyazi into yokuba iminyaka ibaluleke kakhulu kubugcisa, uchitha uqeqesho kumphambukeli. Icandelo loMphathiswa njengegqwetha lomkhosi elinamathemba onke elinamaxesha enzala lalingakwazanga ukuba nebhinqa elincinci elinemvakalelo elinemifanekiso elingenasiphelo. Indoda yePavlo Petrovich ye-chistakova yaqala ukutyelela intetho ye-Pevel Peturejakov kwigqwetha lakhe elizayo. NgoJanuwari 1880, uMikhail waphumelela eyunivesithi, kwaye ekuweni kwawo wabhaliswa ngokusemthethweni kwi-Academy yobugcisa.
Isigqibo soNyana, esihla ihlazo kwiSiko loSapho kwaye lonyule indlela yakhe yobomi, i-Alexander Mikhalovich isothukile. Ubudlelwane phakathi kwezihlobo ezingaphangeli.
Ngo-1882, uMikhail waphelelwa yindlela yesiqhelo yokufundisa, kwaye kwiingcinga zokuba ootitshala bathandana nabafundi abathanda izitampu ezomileyo kunye nezikimo zendle, akukho trace. Ukuba ngumcebisi Vrubli, uPavel Perovich wavula abatsha emfundini, abazibonakalisi. Umsebenzi obhalwe nguVRUBEEL Ngexesha loqeqesho, wafumana imeko yomgangatho wokufunda kwaye unanamhla kwisiseko semfundo.
Ukupeyinta
Uloyiso lokuqala lomfundi osebenza nzima lwalufumana imbasa encinci yesilivere yokufunda "ukubandakanyeka kukaMariya noYosefu". Ukukhanyisa kwe-lizwe kwenza ukuba kufezekiswe kweyona qanda ilungileyo ekudluliseleni ukukhanya kunye nesithunzi, ngaloo ndlela kudala umoya ovuthayo, oboniswe ngabantu ababoniswayo kwi-cansase. Umqondiso womehluko wawusele wanikwa umsebenzi "wamaRoma ophumeleleyo", apho i-hurts yobutsha ibiboniswa, ihleka ngengqondo yotyhutyha abavuyiweyo.
Ukuwa kwe-1883, uNjingalwazi Prakhov kwingcebiso ye-chistakov emenyiwe iVRUUPEE eKiev ukuba asebenze kwiCawa yeKirillov yenkulungwane. Esixekweni, wathwala isithsaba seentloko zeetempile zakudala, kunye nobomi obuzimeleyo bobugcisa bukaMikhail. NgoNovemba 1884, uAdrian Viktorovich wathumela umculi oqinisekileyo ukuya eVenice. Ubuhle besona sixeko sase-Itali sasingavelisi imbonakalo eMisikail. UVrubel uchithe ixesha elininzi kwicashike kunye neemyuziyam, efumana amava eenkokeli ezinkulu zeRenaissance.
Emva kwenkcitho eVenice kangangesiqingatha sonyaka, ngo-Epreli 1885, uVerubel wabuyela eKiev kwaye phantsi kohambo olwela uhambo lwenziwe imifanekiso emine: " I-Kirill, "unina kaThixo nosana", "St. UAthanaasius "no" Kristu Msindisi. " I-mikhail ixhumene kunye ne-thestitic ye-byzantine yokupheliswa kwemifanekiso ebalulekileyo yeMifanekiso yeRenassance yaza yazalisa iintlobo eziqhutywa yi-ARD, inyama negazi. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba abantu abangabameli beengcwele babhala kwinkumbulo kwabaqhelene nabo. Phakathi kokubuyiselwa kokubuyiselwa kokubuyiselwa kwemisebenzi, ukongeza "kuMoya oyiNgcwele kubapostile", izindlu "zokungena kweNkosi eYerusalem" kunye "nokulila" kwahlulwa.
Nantoni na ebalulekileyo kwaye ngokomoya izaliswe ngumsebenzi kwiCawa yaseKirillovsky, i-mikhail yayisondele kwisakhelo semisebenzi ye-canon. Umsindo wakhe kunye nenkanuko yomthendeleko zifuna ukuphuma kwamandla ombala oqokelelweyo. Ngo-1886, ukukhanya kwabona umzobo ovela kwindalo "Intombazana ngasemva kwekhaphethi yePersi" kunye nomfanekiso ". Imisebenzi yokuphefumla iphefumlela, ibonisa ngokupheleleyo imbambano yeVrublive kwiimpawu ezifihlakeleyo zombala kunye nomzobo wamalungu.
Ngo-1887, iPrakhov itsalele i-vrubuel kwipeyinti ye-vladimir yekati. I-mikhail alexandrovich idale iinketho ezintandathu ze "yengcwangu" (ezine). Esi selo lingekho ivangeli kwaye asizizo iimvakalelo ze-Ortox Icon, kodwa ifumaneka kubugcisa beRenasian Renaissance. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba umsebenzi ozimeleyo kaVrubul, apho waqala watyhila umfanekiso wedemon, zalahliwe. Ngapha koko, i-jesters-pende epeyintiweyo ye-Icon yabangela ukuba i-adrian viktorovich, kwaye ngo-1889 wasusa umculi emsebenzini.
Akwamkelanga ngabaphathiswa becawa, i-mikhail inethamsanqa kwiMoscow. Umfanekiso "Idemon", ebonisa isithunywa sengelosi esiwileyo kunye nomphefumlo owenzekileyo owenzakeleyo, yaba luphawu lwexesha elizayo. Lo msebenzi, i-mikhail alexandrovich itshabalalise indlela entle yokuhamba-qokelela, ukuba yinto yokuhlaselwa kunye nokuhlaselwa.
Kwixesha le-Mscow, iVRUBEL ibhala iMifanekiso ye-S.I. Mamont kunye k.d. I-Artsybsuv, idala iipaneli zokuhombisa "ivenice" kunye "nenkosazana yaseGleza", kwaye ibonisa idemon i-mikhalil yurevich lirvich lirvich lermasvich Lemadoltich "," kwiSango lamaSango " , "Umhla kaTamara nedemon").
Uthatho-nxaxheba kwiVrubul kwimidlalo ye "World of Art" kunye nenani lemiboniso yamanye amazwe yazisa udumo lwaseYurophu kumculi. Phakathi kwabasemva kwexesha lakhe lokugqibela, umzobo "Tsarevna-Swan", "I-Petopima", "Pearl", "Pearl", "PAN" kunye "ne-gadalka ". Umsebenzi wokugqibela weNkosi yayingumfanekiso we-point valery brysov, olwaze, ngenxa yesifo esiqhubekayo, uMdali akazange agqitywe.
Ubomi Buqu
Inkanuko yokuqala yeVrubul yayingumfazi ka-Prahova Emilia Lupvna. Ngokwe-bigophers, bubuso bayo awayeboniswa emva kokuba bebuye emva kwe icon "nenenekazi lethu elinomntwana". Ukunqwenela okhohlakeleyo kwiqabane le-patron i-pitron yakwazi ukoyisa.
Inomdla olandelayo inomdla kumtshato. Ukusuka kwiThemba leThemba leTente leNtloko ye-Ivanovna yomculi, ndazisa umhlobo weMoscow Savva Mamondov. Ngexesha lokuthandana nomculi wayesazi isangqa esincinci sabathandi bokupeyinta, kwaye ithemba lalisele i-opera yaseRussia yabucala. Imvumi enelizwi nelizwi lakhe kunye nobuhle baKhuphele iVrubEl ukuba ibhale ipeyinti "Genel noGenel", yiphi ithemba nomhlobo wakhe uTatyana Likabatovich.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuba isivumelwano esingavuywangayo sagqitywa phakathi komculi kunye neNkosi, eyayisithiwa, ukuba umsebenzi uyaphumelela, uNadiya ngaphandle kokuncama uya kutshata i-mikhail. Umsebenzi wawunokwenzeka. Umbhiyozo womtshato wenzeka eGeneva. Umfazi uVrubil waqubuda. Umtshato wawubonakala kuye ukuqhutywa kovuyo kwiminyaka emininzi yokuhambahamba. Ukongeza kumphefumlo osisiseko, uMdali wafumana intembelo kwikamva. NgoSeptemba 1901, uMikhail nethemba lazalwa i-savva encinci, kodwa olu lonwabo lwalugqitywe sisisu senkwenkwe - umlomo ongcwele.
UVrubeli wabona "igazi elichithiweyo" kunye "nobuthathaka" obulalayo "kwaye ukusukela ngelo xesha wacinywa kwaye wasasazeka. Le meko yomphefumlo iyibuyisela kuwo onke amacebo okubi kwaye ibuyele kumfanekiso wedemon. Kwiinyanga ezimbini emva kokuzalwa koNyana, waqala umfanekiso "wedemon". Sebenza ngalo uqhubeke nonyaka, uphazamise kuphela ixesha elifutshane lokufundisa isitayile kubafundi besikolo seStroganovy. Kodwa ixesha elide ukuyeka "idemon" Vrubel ayiphumelelanga.
Umfanekiso wabhala wawubhala, ngamanye amaxesha ngentsimbi ye-20 ngosuku, ozixhasayo. Wayitshintsha idemon, kwanaxa umfanekiso wawusele uwukholo "lilizwe lobugcisa". Umgangatho ophambili woxanduva awayithabathayo kumagxa akhe watshabalalisa ngokulinganayo kwengqondo yengqondo yomculi. I-paiter ingena kwimeko enzima. Wayezigqala ngokwaphula umthetho ofanele ukohlwaywa ngenxa yokuzivumela ukuba abhale uKrestu kunye nedemon.
Ukufa
Ngo-Epreli ngo-1902, iVRUBIE inxibe kwikliniki yeMoscow. Oogqirha bavalelwe ziinkosi ezisigulayo esinganyangekiyo. NgoMatshi 1903, kwenzeke ngokuxolelwa, kwaye umculi wakhutshwa, nangona wayeguqukile. NgoMeyi kwangonyaka omnye, uNyana kaVrubel wasweleka, kwaye ngoSeptemba, uMikhail waphinda wakufika ekliniki. Iiveki ezimbi zokulityalwa kunye nokungakhathali kwathatyathwa yiwotshi yezolo yokuthelekisa - emva koko wapeyinta, nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yesicelo sogqirha kuphela kwindalo, akukho nto iyinyani.
Ukunganyangeki, ukutyhubela iminyaka, isifo esiqhubekayo ngo-1906 kwabangela ukuphulukana nomthi wembono. Kule minyaka mine idlulileyo, i-mikhail alexandrovich ichithe kubumnyama obuqhekekileyo kwisibhedlele saseSt.
Umculi wabandezeleka emzimbeni ngenxa yokuba engasabekho ithuba lokucinga ngobomi, intshukumo awazange abe nethuba lokufumana ibrashi yakhe yomlingo. UVrubel akazange azame ukuzibulala, kodwa, emi kwiinkqantosi ezinamaqhuqhuva phantsi kwefestile evulekileyo, eze ngabom isiphelo esingenakufikelelwa. I-Mikhail Alexandrovich isweleke i-insung yemiphunga ngo-Epreli 1, 1910. Incoko ekhuthazayo emngcwabeni, ebanjelwe kumangcwaba amaNvdevichy, utshilo uAlexander Blok, obiza umculi "webhotile yelinye ilizwe."
Ngo-1913, kufutshane neVrub, ndingcwatyelwe ithemba lika-Ivanovna kangangeminyaka emithathu.
Sebenza
- "Hamlet noOphelia";
- "ILitye";
- "Ukubaleka i-goust kunye neMefistofel";
- "Imoriver";
- "Izithunzi zeLagun";
- I-Serafim enemibala emithandathu;
- "Ivenice";
- "ILilac";
- "I-PAN";
- "Idemon";
- "Pearl";
- "Bogatyyr";
- Msgstr "Intombazana yekhephu".