Biography
Ukuze ubuhle kunye netalente, iTamar Makarov ibizwa ngokuba yiGreta yaseRussia. Kwaye ukuba uMuga Tamara Fedorovna - ISergey Gerasimov - Engachazwanga ngokungekho semthethweni nguMlawuli oyiNtloko weCinema yeSoviet Cinema ye-cinema yeSoviet Cinema. Umculi weSoviet Union waphila ubomi obude nobungafanelekanga.Ubuntwana noLutsha
Umdlali weqonga wazalwa ngo-1907 kwikomkhulu elimantla kwintsapho ekrelekrele wodidi lomkhosi. Kwiminyaka elishumi yokuqala yobomi, le ntombazana ingena elona xesha lilungileyo ukusuka e-ERA: imbeko, ukuqonda okufihlakeleyo kobugcisa, umoya onqabileyo weRussia. Ubuntwana baphela ngo-1917 basweleka bukaTata: Usapho luyazazisa indlala nentlupheko. Kodwa le ntombazana ayiphosi i-ballet studio, apho ootitshala bamshiya khona i-ballering ye-Ballerina eqaqambileyo, kwaye sifunde esikolweni.
Kwiminyaka eyi-14 ubudala, i-tamara makarov ithirmest iqokelele "iTruupe", ebandakanya oontanga bakhe - abamelwane bakhe abamelwane. Kungekudala iholo yendawo eyalo yahlutha abaphulaphuli ngeMidlalo yama-Amateur. Amagcisa aselula abonakalise inqanaba eliphezulu lobuchule, kuba i-Makarova Truupe yabhaliswa.
Kwiintetho, abafana bahlawula abathengisi beemoto, bekhuthaza ukuqhubeka nomsebenzi obambeleyo. Emva kokuphumelela kwisikolo sezabasebenzi, uTamara Makarov waba ngumfundi wendibano yethiyetha. Ngexesha lokufika kweMakarova (1924) Iworkshop yangena ekuqulunqweni kweGisis. USergey Gerasimov ufundele apha, iBoris Barnet, iLyudmila Semenova.
Iifilimu
Ibhayiloji ye-cinematic kaTamara mamarova yaqala ngo-1926, ngokufikelela kwizikrini zokupeyinta "i-Alien Pijak". Indima kwifilimu yafumana intombazana eneminyaka eli-19 ubudala ngamathuba: Wayenomsindo esitratweni, ecela ukuba angafuni ukudlala kwiimuvi. Emva kweesampuli, iMakarov yavunywa, kwaye wenza ukubambelela kwi-ribbon yobugcisa kumfanekiso wenjini ye-Twin. Indima yobuhle bokuhendela ivule umnyango kwi-cinema. Kwiseti yomdlali weqonga kunye neSergey Gerasimov, odlale iarhente ye-scalkovsky, yaphula inoveli. Kunyaka kamva, abadlali batshata.
Ku-1927, uTamara Makarova wabuyela eLeningrad kwaye wangena kwi-theathege yeqonga, ephumelele kwiminyaka emi-3. Emva kokuba ngumdlali oqinisekisiweyo, ngo-1930, uTamara Makarova wakhululeka kwisiqephu se-melodramas. Iindima ezinzulu ziye kumculi emva kweminyaka emi-3 kwiProjekthi yeFilimu yeVevod Pudovkin "I-Green" kunye neTeewramic "ye-Ivan Pyrhev". Kodwa eyona mpumelelo iphambili yindima ephambili ekupeyisweni kwendoda yakhe "Ngaba uyakuthanda?".
Luzuke uzuko lwemanyano yoMdibaniso kwiTamar Makarov ngo-1936, xa ifilimu ye-Adventure Gerasimov "Yiza kwizikhangeli ezisixhenxe" zafika kwizikrini. Lo ngumfanekiso wabahloli bobuchwephesha bobopho. Iqela lefilimu laya kuhambo oluya emantla, apho abadlali befakwe kwindawo yendalo. Lo mfanekiso ubuze kuMlawuli, umbhali-bhiyo-ribha ye-Yripw Yuri Herman kunye nabadlali. UTamara makarova, uPeter Alerikov no-Olegi Zhakov bavuke bedume kakhulu kwilizwe lonke.
Ngo-1938 nowe-1939, imbambano eselula igubungele idrama entsha: Idrama elinethemba malunga nendawo yokwakha ye-Komsomolsk inkulungwane kunye ne-movie "yeza kwizikrini. Imuvi isuse i-sergey gerasimov ngokubhala izikripthi zazo. Iindima eziphambili kwiRibbBoni ziye kumfazi waseTamara makarova. Umsebenzi "ngotitshala" Fedorovna wafumana ibhaso lokuqala - ibhaso le-stalinist.
UMakarov waba yimyuziyam yase-Sergei Gerasimov, awayeyithembele ekungekho mthethweni kubalinganiswa abaphambili kwiiprojekthi zakhe. Umfazi wadlala uNina kwidrama "ye-masquerade" - ukuhlolwa kwemveliso efanayo yeklasi. Imizobo yefilimu yaphela ngobusuku bukaJuni 22, 1941, kwaye ekuseni ilizwe lafunda malunga neMfazwe Yehlabathi II. Ngo-1942, uSergey Gerasimov kwi-thendem yokuyila eMikhail Kalatozov, esuse umfanekiso "ongenaxabiso", apho i-makarov ivele kumfanekiso wenjineli yeNastya Kovaleva. Kunyaka olandelayo, amaqabane ashiyele ukufuduka.
Ngo-1944, iDrama Gerasimov "Umhlaba omkhulu" wakhululwa kwizikrini. Kwifilimu ezinikezelwe ekuhleni kwabantu elutshatweni, eTamara makarova bavela ngokomfanekiso osebenzayo kwilali, bathabathel 'indawo yintsimbi yomyeni wakhe ngaphambili. Lo mfanekiso waphumelela, kwaye abaphulaphuli kunye nabaphulaphuli kunye nabaphulaphuli bavumile ukuba indima ka-Anna Svidova yeyona ibalaseleyo ye-Makarova ngo-1940-50s.
Umfanekiso wokuqala wemfazwe waseTamara makarova - intyatyambo yamatye ". Kwindima yenkosikazi yentaba yobhedu, umongo wakhunjulwa zizigidi zababukeli abancinci. Ngo-1946, intyatyambo "elityebileyo" yaba yinkokeli yokuhanjiswa kwefilimu: Ifilimu ibukele abantu abazizigidi ezingama-23. Ifilimu yefilimu yafumana i-Jury Prime yoMthemo weFilimu yeCanes. Umculi waseSoviet oqukayo kunye no-Soviet oqukayo, oweza neqela emthendelekweni, waqaphela abavelisi baseNtshona, bemcela ukuba badlale kwi-kinear "ana karena karena". Kodwa imvume yokudubula makarov ayikhange inike.
Ngo-1946, i-Orcher yanikwa ibhaso lesibini leStalin lomsebenzi kwifilimu yobugcisa "isifungo". Kude kube sekupheleni kweminyaka yee-1940, uTamara makarova wakhululeka 'kwigariva "esencinci, umphathi walo. Ezobuqhophololo zenoveli, uAlexander Fedeeva, umzobi wadlala uMama Oleg Kosfuevy. Ngo-1949, i-Acress Tamara Makarov ifumene isihloko seRiphabhlikhi yabantu. Ngeminyaka yee-1950s, umongo wadubula kancinci ngokugxininisa amandla okufundisa kwi-vgik. Ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yo-1960, waba ngunjingalwazi weDyunivesithi yethiyetha. Kwimisebenzi eqaqambileyo leli xesha - ipeyinti "ugqirha wasemaphandleni", "inyani yendlela" kunye "nenkumbulo yentliziyo".
Ngo-1970-80, uTamara Makarova wavela kuphela kwipeyinti ye-Sergei Gerasimov. Abaphulaphuli bawubona umculi wakhe owuthandayo kwiifilimu "," intatheli "," iintombi zikamama ", iRibbons" ekuqaleni kweMicimbi Yezukileyo "noPeter. Abafundi makarova kunye ne-gerasimov yaba nakwaataliaruk noSergey Servicesuk, uLyudmila Gurchenko, Nikolai Erenkonse Jr., Allarionov.
Umsebenzi wokugqibela womlawuli kunye nomdlali weqonga waba ngumdlalo weqonga lobomi beklasiki "ye-leo tolstoy", apho umbhali wayedlale khona iSergey Gerasimov, kunye nenkosikazi yakhe - uTamara Makarova. I-kinokista ifumene umvuzo ophambili kwiKarlovy Vary. Ifilimu yakhutshwa kwizikrini ngo-1984, kwaye kunyaka olandelayo uMlawuli akazange. Imacebo engaphezulu yayingadutyulwanga, nangona wayekhe wanikwa iindima ngaphezulu kwesinye. Ukuya kwisikhumbuzo seminyaka engama-90 yomyeni wakhe, uTamara Makarova ukhuphe iiGrashi, ubabiza ngokuba "emva kwegama".
Ubomi Buqu
Amaqabane abonakala njengesibini esingumzekelo - umlawuli owaziwayo kunye neMuser yakhe entle. Kodwa ngabahlobo abasenyongweni kuphela ababesazi ukuba wayefihliwe emva komfanekiso ongumzekelo ". Kuphela livila alithethi emva kwamaqabane malunga nobuncwane bobuncwane obufundisayo kunye ne-gerasimov.
IGerasimov, apho abaselula ababukeleyo babukele ngokungathobeli, abanakuhlala bexhathisa izilingo, ezazingamaKamara makarova wayezi kakuhle. Kodwa ungaze umfazi onekratshi akazange wehlisekisi ukuziphindezela okanye ukungathobeli ngeembambo. Iintsomi zahamba malunga nokuzibamba kwakhe kunye nokuzola.
Umtshato weGerasimov noMakarova babengenamntwana. UTamara Fedorovna wachitha uthando lwangaphambi koomama abangafundanga kubafundi babadlali kunye nonyana onamakhulileyo - umtshana we-Arthy Makarov, eSergey Gerasimov wanika igama lakhe eliphakathi. UMakarov waba ngumbhali kunye ne-chinachnarist. Kwi-asethi yakhe, iipeyinti ezithandwayo "I-Adventures entsha", "iNdawo yeGolide", "umqala kaCharlotte". UMakarov wasweleka kwiminyaka engama-64 ubudala: Imeko leyo yafunyanwa kwindlu enesakhi ye-Swift kwingqokelela yeGerasimov.
Ukufa
UTamara Fedorovna wayenexhala lokufa komyeni nomtshana wakhe. Emva kokusweleka kweGerasimov, uMakarov wavalwa kwiindonga ezine, akazange aduthwe kwaye engazange aye ehlabathini, akazange anike udliwanondlebe. Wasinda kwiqabane lakho kangangeminyaka eli-12, kunye nonyana omkhulisayo.Umdlali omkhulu wasweleka kwiminyaka engama-89, ngoJanuwari 20, 1997. Umngcwabo waseTamara Makarova weza amakhulu abafundi bakhe ababa ziinkwenkwezi ze-cinema yeSoviet neRussia. Unobangela wokufa obizwa ngokuba kukulangazelela umyeni onomdla nonyana. Ndingcwatyelwe ngumculi we-folk kwi-10 ye-10 yecandelo leNovodevichi.
I-filmography
- Ngo-1927 - "u-Air Pijak"
- Ngo-1933 - "Guiner"
- 1934 - "Ngaba uyakuthanda?"
- Ngo-1936- "Wwesixhenxe unesibindi"
- Ngo-1938 - Komsomolsk
- Ngo-1939 - "Mfundisi"
- Ngo-1941 - "Masquerade"
- Ngo-1942 - "AKUFUNI"
- Ngo-1946 - "intyatyambo yamatye"
- Ngo-1948 - "Oyena Mncinci"
- Ngo-1948 - "Tale yale ndoda"
- Ngo-1952 - "Ugqirha wasemaphandleni"
- Ngo-1962 - "Abantu Nezilwanyana"
- Ngo-1974 - "Iintombi zikaMama"
- Ngo-1980 - "Ulutsha lukaPeter"
- Ngo-1984 - "Ingonyama iTolstoy"