Biography
Wayengusomashishini ophumeleleyo kwaye iminyaka eliqela ukwazile ukufundeka ithamsanqa enkulu, eyanele ngokwaneleyo ukuba iqinisekise ukuba usapho lonke - abafazi kunye nabantwana abahlanu. Kodwa ngaxa lithile, le ndoda yafika ekhaya yaza yathi ufuna ingqesho yemali yokutshintsha kwi-oyile, iibrashi kunye ne-canvas. Ke, washiya intengiselwano yesitokhwe kwaye, uthanda ishishini lakhe eliyithandayo, eshiye nantoni na.
Ngoku i-Postas Medicaidist ye-Permixiorist yeMihlaba yeGaugaen ayiqikelelwa hayi isigidi esinye seedola. Umzekelo, ngo-2015, umfanekiso womculi obizwa ngokuba "xa umtshato?" (1892), ebonisa iitheyithi ezimbini kunye nomhlaba oqingqiweyo, wathengiswa kwintengiso yezigidi ezingama-300 ezigidi. Kodwa yaqala ukuba ngexesha lobomi, i-FreenFran yase-Frey, engafumananga ingqalelo entle kwaye Uzuko. Ngenxa yobugcisa, i-gean yaphazamiseka ebantwini ukuba abe ngumlindi olihlwempu kwaye batshintshiselane ubomi obutofotofo ngenxa yentlupheko engathandekiyo.
Ubuntwana noLutsha
Umculi wexesha elizayo wazalelwa kwiSixeko soThando-Ikomkhulu laseFrance-Juni 7, 1848, kwixesha lenkxwaleko, xa ilizwe laseCezanna lalilinde ukutshixiza kwabo bonke abemi - ukusuka kwi- Abathengisi ababonakalayo kubarhwebi abaphambili. Intsimi kaTata, uKlovis, - I-Blogeoisie entle yeNelean, eyayisebenza ngentatheli yenkululeko kwiphephandaba lasekhaya "Naconsial" kwaye zalugubungela ngokucokisekileyo iincwadi zeMicimbi kawonke-wonke.
Umfazi wakhe uAlina Maria wayengumthendeleko welanga, wakhula waza wakhulela usapho olubalaseleyo. Umama ka-Alina kwaye, kwa-Grantion of Gajen, intombi engekho mthethweni yendoda yaseDon Mariano kunye ne-Floora Testan, ibambelela kwizincoko ze-Utopiy, yaba ngumbhali wencwadi ebalulekileyo "yokubukela i-Autobiographical". Imanyano yeFlora nendoda yakhe uAndre noAndre Chazala bagqiba ngelishwa: intaba-intanda ihlasele iqabane lakhe kwaye waya ejele ngenxa yokuzama ukubulala.
Ngenxa ye-coups yezopolitiko eFrance, klovis, ukuba nexhala lokukhuselwa kosapho, kwanyanzelwa ukubaleka kweli lizwe. Ngapha koko, abasemagunyeni basigubungela umshicileli, apho wasebenza khona, kwaye intatheli ihleli ngaphandle kwempilo. Ke ngoko, intloko yosapho, kunye neqabane lakhe kunye nabantwana abancinci, ndahamba kwinqanawa ePeru ngo-1850.
Utata kaHojen wazaliswa lithemba elihle: Wayephupha ngokuhlalisa kwimo yelizwe yaseMelika nangaphantsi kweza kubazali belinye iqabane ukuba liseke iphephandaba lakhe. Ke zona izicwangciso zomntu azinako ukuzaliseka, kuba kaloku ngexesha lendlela uTlovis wayesweleka engalindelekanga. Ngenxa yoko, uAlina wabuyela kwikhaya lomhlolokazi kunye ne-18-geuguen Gauguen kunye nodade wabo oneminyaka emi-2 ubudala uMarie.
UPaul ngaphambi kokuba abe neminyaka yesixhenxe wayehlala kwi-Melika yakudala yaseMelika, intaba ebonakalayo ngaphandle kwemincili yengcinga yalo nawuphi na umntu. Emva kweGauguen oselula yayililiso lakhe. Elifihlakalo likalumalume eLima, abakhonzi bakhe kunye nabongikazi babengqongwe. UPawulos wagcina imemori eqaqambileyo yexesha lobuntwana, ukhumbule iindawo ezinqabileyo ezingenasiphelo ngolonwabo, ezona zinto zilandele umculi onesiphiwo ubomi bakhe bonke.
Ubuntwana be-idyllic yeHigen kule pardeni yeTropiki yaphela ngequbuliso. Ngenxa yengxwabangxwaba yePeruvian ngonyaka we-1854, izalamane ezidumileyo kumama alahlekileyo kwezopolitiko kunye namalungelo. Ngo-1855, uAlina, kunye noMarie, babuyela eFransi ukuba bafumane ilifa kumalume. Ibhinqa lahlala eParis laza laqala ukwenza imali kwisonka sentombazana, kwaye uPawulos wahlala eOrleans, apho wakhuliswa ngutat'omkhulu emgceni katata. Enkosi ngokunyamezela kunye nokusebenza ngo-1861, kubazali baseGauuuuen baba ngumnini wendibano yakhe yokuthunga.
Emva kokuba izikolo ezininzi zalapha ekhaya, iMoniges ithunyelwe kwisikolo samaKatolika esidumileyo (i-petit saint-mesmin). UPaul wayengumfundi okhutheleyo, ke yena waphumelela kwizifundo ezininzi, kodwa ngakumbi umfana onetalente wanikwa isiFrentshi.
Xa umculi wexesha elizayo wayeneminyaka eli-14 ubudala, wangena kwisikolo se-Parsis Naval Stalratory kwaye elungiselela ukwamkelwa kwisikolo esingoko. Kodwa, ngethamsanqa, okanye ukuzisola, ngo-1865, lo mfana akaphumelelanga iimviwo kwikomiti yokwamkelwa, ngaphandle kokuphulukana nethemba, waqamba inqanawa ngoMalitse. Yiyo loo nto iGanjan yaseGajan yahambahamba kwiindawo ezingenasiphelo kwaye ngalo lonke ixesha yayihamba amazwe amaninzi, yatyelela uMazantsi Merika, kunxweme lweLwandle lweMeditera, lwavavanya ulwandle lwasentla.
Ngelixa uPawulos wayequbha, umama wakhe wabulawa kukugula. U-Gaen ubephakathi kwentlekele embi kangangeenyanga ezininzi de unobumba kunye neendaba ezingathandekiyo kolo dade akazange amfikelele kwindlela eya eIndiya. Emthethweni, uAlina wancomela i-Offspace ukwenza umsebenzi, kuba, ngokoluvo lwayo, iGaugugen ayiyi kuba nakho ukuxhomekeka kubahlobo okanye izalamane ecaleni kwentlekele.
UPaul akazange aphinde abuyiselwe kwakhona ukuthanda komzali kwaye ngo-1871 waya eParis ukuze aqalise ubomi obuzimeleyo. Umfana wayenethamsanqa, njengomhlobo kaMama uGustawe wanceda indoda eneminyaka engama-23 ubudala ukuba iphume kubumdaka kwinkosana. UGustave, etshintshiselana, amasimi anconywayo kwiNkampani, ngenkcitho apho umfana afumene umrhwebi.
Ukupeyinta
I-gaugugn ehlanganisiweyo yaphumelela emsebenzini wakhe, le ndoda yafunyanwa. Kwiminyaka elishumi, waba ngumntu onobuchule eluntwini kwaye ekwazi ukubonelela usapho oluhle kakhulu kwiziko ledolophu. Njengomgcini walo uGustavuu, uPawulos waqalisa ukuthenga imifanekiso yabanganyanzelekanga, kwaye ngexesha lakhe elikhululekileyo, iGegen ephefumlelwe yi-canvas yaqalisa ukuzama italente yakhe.
Ngexesha ukusuka nge-1873 ukuya kwi-1874, uPawulos wadala imihlaba yokuqala eqaqambileyo, ebonakalisa inkcubeko ye-Peruvia. Enye ye-Debut yemisebenzi yomculi oselula yinkukhu "yenkukhu ehlathiweyo eVirofte" - yaboniswa kwikhabhathi kwaye yafumana uphononongo olunenzondelelo lwabagxeki. Kungekudala i-novice stapp ihlangane i-kamil pissarra, ipeyinti yesiFrentshi. Ubuhlobo obunobuhlobo obufudumeleyo buqale phakathi kwaba bantu babini bokuyila, i-Gaien ihlala ityelela umcebisi wakhe kwintshona ye-Parbar-ntshona yeParis - poncoise.
Umculi othiyileyo ubomi behlabathi kunye nemfihlo enothando, hlala uchithe ixesha lakhe lokupeyinta, ngokuthe ngcembe umthengisi uqalisa ukubona njengomqeshwa wenkampani enkulu, kodwa njengomculi onesiphiwo. Ngeendlela ezininzi, ikamva le-gauguen elichaphazele umntu omaziyo kunye ne-Edgar Degi, ummeli wokuqala. I-Degri ixhasa amasimi ngokuziphatha nangokwezimali, ukuthenga i-canvas ebonakalayo.
Ukukhangela ukuphefumla kunye nokuphumla kwikomkhulu lengxolo kaFrance, inkosi yaqokelela isutikheyisi kwaye yaqhubeka nohambo. WayesePanama, uVan Gego wahlala kwi-Arles, watyelela uBritany. Ngo-1891, ukukhumbula ubuntwana obumnandi echithwe kwi-Unind kaMama, iGaugeen ishiya iTahiti - i-ntaba yentaba-mlilo, inika intando ye-fantasy. Waziqonda iikorale, ehlathini, apho kukho iziqhamo ezinamafutha akhula, kunye nonxweme lolwandle. UPaul wazama ukudlulisela zonke iipilisi zendalo ezibonisiweyo kwii-canvatus, ngenxa yokuba indalo ye-goloen yafunyanwa ngentsusa kwaye iqaqambile.
Umzobi ubukele ukuba kwenzeka ntoni ukuba ijikeleze kwaye ifakwe ngamehlo obugcisa obunobuthathaka emenjelwe kwimisebenzi yakhe. Ke, icebo lokupeyinta "A, unesikhwele?" (1892) ivele phambi kwamehlo eeHigen enyanisweni. Ukuzalisa nje oodade ababini-iiTahiti balala phantsi kwizinto eziqhelekileyo ezinxweme phantsi kwelanga elikhawulezayo. Incoko yababini yentombazana malunga nothando lukaGajn uvile: "Njani? Unekhwele! ". Emva kwexesha, uPawulos waqubisana nokuba le canvas yenye yendalo yakhe oyithandayo.
Kwiminyaka eli-1892, inkosi yabhala ilaphu labafi bengazange lifudumele ", zenziwe ngobuqili, iitoni ezisemfuleni. I-vier yombukeli ibonakala ivela eNide, ilele ebhedini, kwaye emva kwayo umoya kwingubo yenyama evuthayo. Inyani yile yokuba kwisibane somculi iphele ioyile. Wakhanyisa umdlalo wokukhanyisa isithuba, ngaloo ndlela awoyike itekhnoloji. UPawulos waqalisa ukucamngca, le ntombazana yayinokuthatha umculi hayi umntu, kodwa ngenxa yesiporho okanye umoya, lowo woyika umsitha. Ezi zicamngca zimangalisayo zeHogen ziphefumlekisa iyelenqe lokupeyinta.
Kunyaka kamva, inkosi ibhala enye umfanekiso obizwa ngokuba "ngumfazi ophethe iziqhamo." Ukulandela indlela yam, iGagen imiqondiso lo msebenzi wobugcisa ngowesibini, uMaori, igama elingu-Euhaereiaoe ("uyahamba phi?"). Kule msebenzi, njengayo yonke imisebenzi yentsimi, umntu nendalo, ngokungathi udityaniswe kunye. Ekuqaleni, le canvas ifumene iqaqobana yaseRussia, ngoku umsebenzi ubekwe kwiindonga ze-hermitage. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, uMbhali 'womfazi okuthunga "kwiminyaka yokugqibela yobomi bakhe wabhala incwadi ethi" Nonanoa ", epapashwe ngo-1901.
Ubomi Buqu
UPaul Gian ngo-1873 wenza isicelo sesandla kunye neentliziyo zeDane. UMat-Sove-Gadi Gadi, ophendule imvume yabantwana abane: amakhwenkwe amabini namantombazana amabini. UGeni wamkela ootatomkhulu wakhe wokuqala uElil, owazalwa ngonyaka we-1874. Uninzi lweengcibi ze-masters zebrashi kunye neepeyinti zihombisa umfanekiso wenkwenkwe enkulu, ogwebayo yimisebenzi, wazithanda iincwadi zokufunda.
Ngelishwa, ubomi bentsapho bobuchwephesha obukhulu yayingeyonto. Imizobo yenkosi yenkosi ayizange ithengiswe kwaye ayizanga nengeniso yabo, kwaye iqabane lomculi alizange lihambelane noluvo lokuba ngeparadesi entle kunye ne-halary. Ngenxa yobuso bentsimi, ekunciphiseni iziphelo ngeziphelo, kwakukho iingxabano ezihlala kunye neengxabano phakathi kwamaqabane. Emva kokufika eTahiti Gigen, wathabatha umfazi wakhe ubuhle basekhaya.
Ukufa
Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, uGegen wayesePapeete, wasebenza ngempumelelo kwaye ekwazi ukubhala malunga neekhali ze-istys ezisibhozo, ezithathwa njengeyona ndlela ilungileyo kuluhlu lwayo lonke. Kodwa indelelo ilungiselele indoda enetalente. UGigen akaphumelelanga ukufumana ukwamkelwa nozuko kwisangqa sabathandekayo bobuchule, ngenxa yoko wangena kuxinzelelo.
Ngenxa yomda omnyama, oweza ebomini bakhe, uPawulos ungakhange ahambe. Imeko yokomoya yomculi yakhokelela kwingcinezelo yempilo, umbhali welali "yeBreton phantsi kwekhephu" lagula ngeqhenqa. Inkosi enkulu yasweleka kwesi siqithi ngoMeyi 9, 1903 eneminyaka engama-54.
Ngelishwa, kwenzeka rhoqo, kuyenzeka, uzuko lwafika kwiGaguen kuphela emva kokuba efile: kwiminyaka emithathu emva kokusweleka kukaMatra, amachaphaza akhe abeka eParis wonke umntu abone. Kwinkumbulo yentsimi ngo-1986, ifilimu "yengcuka emqolo" yasuswa, apho indima yomculi yayisenza i-actor ye-actor edumileyo. Kwakhona, i-PRESET TOMSET MOEMOeM yabhala i-bionegraphical Umsebenzi we "Inyanga kunye ne-gross", apho i-protostype "yomlinganiswa ophambili yayinguPaul Gauguen.
Sebenza
- I-1880- "Umfazi wokoyikisa"
- 1888 - "Umbono Emva kwentshumayelo"
- I-1888 - "Cafe kwiArle"
- Ngo-1889 - "UKristu Ollow"
- 1891 - "Umfazi onentyatyambo"
- Ngo-1892 - "Umoya wabafi akalali"
- 1892 - "A, Unomona?"
- Ngo-1893 - "Umfazi ophethe iziqhamo"
- Ngo-1893 - "Igama lakhe leVairamati"
- Ngo-1894 - "umoya ombi ombi"
- Ngo-1897-1898 - "Sivela njani? Singoobani? Apho siya khona?"
- Ngo-1897 - "AKUKHO" "
- Ngo-1899 - "ingqokelela yeziqhamo"
- Ngo-1902 - "Ubuqhele Ubuphila Ngemidlelo"