Frida Calo - Ifoto, Biolografi, ubomi bomntu, unobangela wokufa, imifanekiso

Biography

Umculi waseMexico aqaqambileyo waseMexico Kalo wayedla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-Abter Abter-Ego Salvador Dali. Abagxeki babeke umbhali 'wexhasi elinenzakeleyo' kubasindisa, kodwa wasweleka kwesi "isitampu", echaza ukuba isiseko sezinto zakhe zobuchule, kodwa siphoswa yi-prism yombono wehlabathi Intlungu kwilahleko, ukuphoxeka nokungcatyiswa.

Ubuntwana noLutsha

UMagdalena Carmen Frida Kalo Calderon wazalelwa inguquko yaseMexico, nge-6 kaJulayi ngo-1907, kwindawo yokuhlala ye-Koyoasa (idolophu yaseMexico). Umama womculi uMatirda Calderon wayengumKatoli ongenasiphelo, ogcina umyeni wakhe kunye nabantwana beGuinpermo Calo, noyise uBeelenhaunter kunye ne-Schonhauer, esebenza njengomfoti.

Kwiminyaka emi-6, uFrida wabandezeleka kwi-poliomylitis, ngenxa yokuba umlenze wakhe wasekunene wawusele kwiisentimitha ezininzi. Iinkosikazi ezisisigxina zoontanga (ebuntwaneni wayenegama lesidlaliso "unyawo lomthi") lukhuni kuphela umlinganiswa weMagdalena. Wabiza wonke umntu owayengaqhelananga nentombazana, ekoyini, edlalwa ngabantu abakwibhola ekhatywayo, baqhubeka nokuqubha kunye nemidlalo yokubhukuda. Kana wayeyazi indlela yokukwazi imbeko yakhe. Kule nto wanceda i-skirt ezinde, iinjongo zamadoda kwaye ziqhuma kwesitokhwe ngasinye.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuba kwi-orphanage ferida iphupha lomculi, kodwa umsebenzi kagqirha. Xa wayeneminyaka eli-15 ubudala, watsho ebhalise kwiSikolo sikaZwelonke sokulungiselela ", apho ukupha ithuba elitsha kuye kwafunda amayeza. I-Chromonomaya Firida yayiyenye yamantombazana angama-35 afumene imfundo kunye namawakawaka amakhwenkwe.

NgoSeptemba ngo-1925, umcimbi wajika ubomi bukaMagdalena emilenzeni entloko: ibhasi apho uKalo weminyaka eli-17 wabuyela ekhaya wangena kwitram. Intsimbi inike intombazana esiswini, ihlatywe isibeleko kwaye yaphuma kwindawo ye-groin, umqolo wawusasaza kwiindawo ezintathu, kwaye izitokhwe ezintathu zaphulukana neendawo ezilishumi elinanye).

Iiveki ezintathu zenenekazi eliselula elihlala esibhedlele ngaphandle kokuqonda. Ngaphandle kweengxelo zoogqirha abalufumene ukuba azikholwanga nobomi, Bawo, ngokungafaniyo neqabane, abangazange befike esibhedlele, bengazange bashenxise intombi yakhe. Ukujonga i-Plaster CORSET, umzimba osisigxina weFidada, le ndoda yayijonga uloyiso ngalo lonke ixesha lokuphefumla kunye nokukhupha.

Ukuchasana noqikelelo, iyeza elanyiweyo, uCalo uvukile. Emva kokubuya kwabo kukhanya iMagdalena yaziva ingumnqweno omangalisayo wokubhala ipeyinti. Utata wenza i-subrafraule ekhethekileyo yeChad eshushu eshushu, evunyelwe ukuba alale phantsi, aze ancamathele isipili esikhulu phantsi kwebhedi yeBydokin ukuze intombi yakhe ikwazi ukuzibona kunye nendawo ejikeleze imisebenzi.

Emva konyaka, uFrida wayenze imisongo yakhe yokuqala yepensile yepensile, ingozi ", apho umzobo wentlekele wenziwa ngokutyibilikayo nangomphefumlo. Ngokuqinileyo iinyawo, uKalo ngo-1929 wangena kwiZiko leSizwe laseMexico, yaye ngo-1928 waba lilungu leqela lamaKomanisi. Ngelo xesha, uthando lwayo lwalo i-Apopee: UMagdalena wahlala emva kwemini kwi-easel kwi-ART Studio, kwaye ngokuhlwa, efihlakeleyo, waya emathekweni.

I-Fridar, i-Frida enobuchule igcinwe iglasi ye wayini kunye ne-cigare ezandleni zayo. Ibukhali yenkcitho yebhinqa eligqithisileyo inyanzelekile iindwendwe zomjikelo we-sull ukuhleka ngaphandle kokuma. Umahluko ubambeka phakathi komntu ovuthiweyo, owonwabileyo kwaye uxakekile ngemvakalelo yokuphelelwa lithemba ngokupeyinta. Ngokwengxelo ye-fridada ngokwayo, umphefumlo wakhe otyhafileyo, owawuse-canvas, wayefihlwe kwi-chinal yeengubo ezintle kwaye ilahlekile.

Ukupeyinta

I-Frida Calo yayaziwa ngokuba zizibonakaliso zayo ezimibalabala (70 zabhalwa zizonke), inqaku elahlulahlulwa ngalo yayiyinto ebuthathaka yenyama kunye nokungabikho koncumo ebusweni. Umculi wayehlala efumana inani lemiqondiso yesizwe ("i-port-portrait kumda ophakathi kweMexico kunye ne-United States", "ukuzonwabisa ngendlela yeTechnuan"), ehleleleke ngayo.

Kule misebenzi, umculi akazange oyike njengeyakhe ("ngaphandle kwethemba", "ukuzalwa kwam", "ukrokra nje okumbalwa. Ngo-1939, umbandela wobuchule bukaCalo wambuza ukuba anike inkumbulo yenkumbulo yomhlobo wabo oqhelekileyo-umdlali we-Dorothy Hale (Le ntombazana yazibulala). UFrida wabhala ipeyinti "yeDorothy Dole". Umthengi weza kwisoyikiso: Endaweni ye-portrait entle, intuthuzelo yezalamane zakhe, i-Magdalena ibonisa indawo yokuwa kunye nomzimba ongaphilanga.

Ukuqwalaselwa kakuhle kunye nomsebenzi phantsi kwegama "ezimbini Frida", olwabhalwa ngumculi emva kwekhefu lexesha elifutshane ukusuka kwi-Diego. I-calo yangaphakathi "ndi" calo iboniswa emfanekisweni kumahashe amabini: i-rida yaseMexico, eyayithandwa nguRivera, noFrida yam, eyigatya intanda. Ilahleko yeentlungu ivakaliswa ngomfanekiso wobugcisa obophayo oxhuma iintliziyo zamanenekazi amabini.

I-World Fond yayifika eKalo, xa ngo-1938 lo mboniso wokuqala wemisebenzi yakhe yenzeka eNew York. Nangona kunjalo, ukuwohloka ngokukhawuleza komculi womculi kuchaphazele umsebenzi wakhe. Okukhona i-fridaya yaya etafileni yokusebenza, eyona nto iphambili kwimizobo yayiye yasilela ("ukucinga ngokufa", "imaski yokufa"). Ixesha le-Postoperative ladalwa yi-canvas, ezaphukileyo yi-enchees yamabali ebhayibhile- "umqolo ophukileyo" kunye "noMoses, okanye isiseko sendalo."

Ukuvulwa komboniso womsebenzi wayo eMexico ngo-1953, uKalo akazange aqhubeke ezedwa. Emini, yonke le mifanekiso yacetyiswa ukuba idluliselwe kwinkcazo, kunye nobhedu oluhle kakhulu, apho iMagdalena yalala khona, yaba yinxalenye yokuvezwa. Kwiveki ngaphambi kokuba umntu afe, umzobi wabhala ubomi obude ", ebonisa isimo sengqondo sakhe sokufa.

Imifanekiso yeCalo yayinefuthe elikhulu kwipeyinti yanamhlanje. Omnye wemiboniso kwimyuziyam yobugcisa bexesha eliphakathi eChicago wayezinikele kwimpembelelo ye-magdalena kwihlabathi lobugcisa kwaye abandakanya imisebenzi yamagcisa ale mihla, kuba ngubani uFida waba ngumthombo wokuphefumlelwa kwaye umzekelo wokuxeliswa. Umboniso wabizwa ngokuba "simahla: Ubugcisa banamhlanje emva kukaFrida Calo".

Ubomi Buqu

Emva kwiminyaka yeminyaka yokufunda, uKalo waqhelana nomyeni wakhe wexesha elizayo - umculi waseMexico. Ngo-1929, iindlela zabo baphinda bawela kwakhona. Kunyaka olandelayo, intombazana eneminyaka engama-22 ubudala yaba ngumfazi osemthethweni wepentile eneminyaka engama-43. Umtshato we-Diego noFrida Abantu ababephila kwi-Joke ebizwa ngokuba yiMvumelwano yendlovu kunye namahobe (umculi odumileyo wayengaphezulu kwaye engaphezulu kweqabane). Le ndoda yathuswa 'yiPrince-toas ", kodwa akukho mfazi wayenokumelana nomtsalane wakhe.

UMagdalena wayesazi ngokuthembeka kwendoda yakhe. Ngo-1937, umzobi ngokwaphula inoveli nge-lvm trotsky, awayeyibiza ngokuba "yibhokhwe" ngobunono "ngenxa yeenwele ezingwevu kunye neendevu. Inyani yile yokuba amaqabane anenkuthazo enenzondelelo kunye nenceba yokomoya ekhuselekileyo owayesabile ovela eRussia. Phezu kwaphela konke ukuqaqamba, emva koko i-quotsky ngokukhawuleza yayishiya ikhaya labo. I-Kalo ithi inoveli ene-poet edumileyo vladimir may mayakovsky.

Yonke into ngaphandle kokwahlukileyo, imbali ye-urm yeFrida ifihlwe emfihlekweni. Phakathi kwabathandi bobugcisa bomculi, imvumi Chavegas yadweliswa. Isizathu sokuhleba yayiziifoto zamantombazana, apho uFida, enxibe isinxibo sendoda, watshona kwiingalo zomculi. Nangona kunjalo, uDiego, watshintsha umfazi wakhe, kwinzondelelo yakhe nabameli besiqingatha esibuthathaka sobuntu bengazange banikele ingqalelo. Olo nxibelelwano lwaluboniswa kuye.

Ngaphandle kwento yokuba ubomi bomtshato beenkwenkwezi ezimbini zebubugcisa bokubonakalayo bezingabi ngumzekelo, uKalo akazange ayeke ukuphupha abantwana. Kuyinyani, ngenxa yokulimala umfazi akazange akwazi ukufumana ulonwabo lolonwabo. I-Frieda izakuze iphinde iphinde iphinde, kodwa bonke abakhulelweyo bathathu baphelelwa kukungaphumli. Emva kwelahleko yomntwana olandelayo, wasusa ibrashi kwaye waqala ukuzoba abantwana ("i-henry Ford"), uninzi lwabafi - ngoko ke umzobi wazama ukuxolelanisa nentlekele yakhe.

Ukufa

UCalo wasweleka kwiveki emva kokubeleka kwakhe kwiintsuku ezingama-47 zokuzalwa kwakhe (Julayi 13, 1954). Unobangela wokufa komculi kukuvuselelwa kwemiphunga. Kumngcwabo weFidada, owayeqhutywa nazo zonke izinto ezigqumayo kwibhotwe lobugcisa, ukongeza kumlambo we-Diego, bekukho abapeyinti, bekukho abapeyinti, bade bazakuba nguMongameli waseMexico Lasar Cardenas. Umzimba wombhali wokupeyinta "Ayenze ntoni amanzi" wanditshisa, kwaye i-irs enothuthu ukuza kuthi ga kule mini ikwindlu-ye-fridam rida kalo. Ngegama lokugqibela kwidayari yakhe.Ndiyathemba ukuba loo nkathalelo iya kuphumelela kwaye andisayi kuphinda ndibuye. "

Ngo-2002, uMlawuli we-Hollywood uJulia Taymore oboniswe abalandeli be-cinema inkululeko, ibali elilibali lobomi kunye nokufa komculi omkhulu. I-Oscar, umbambi wemidlalo yethiyetha kunye ne-cinema hayı hayek, ichithwayo kwindima yeCalo.

Kananjalo, ababhali Hayden Errera, uJean-Marie Gustave Le Kaleriao noAndrea Keytentenman babhala ngenkwenkwezi yohlobo olubonakalayo lwencwadi.

Sebenza

• "Ukuzalwa kwam"
• "I-DIK YOKUFA"
• "Umhlaba Iziqhamo"
• "Andenze ntoni amanzi"
• "Iphupha"
• "Ukuzingca" ("diego kwiingcinga")
• "UMoses" ("ophambili kwindalo")
• "I-LAN encinci"
• "IiHugs zothando lwendalo iphela, i-World, i, Diego noCaitl"
• "I-PROGRAIT nge-stalin"
• "Ngaphandle kwethemba"
• "Umongikazi kwaye"
• "Inkumbulo"
• Msgstr "" "I-henry yesibhedlele
• "Umzobo ophindwe kabini"