Biography
I-Vasily IV Ivanovich Shuisky yaziwa kwimbali yaseRussia njengolawulo lwenkosi ukusuka kwi-1606 ukuya kwi-1610. UMlawuli weza kuhlobo lwenkosana kaShui kwaye wayeyinzala yokugqibela yeRurikovich kwitrone yaseRussia. Ngo-1552, unyana kaVasly wazalwa kwintsapho ephakathi uIvan Andreevich no-Anna Fedorovna Suisi. Inkwenkwe yayingekuphela komntwana, umlawuli wexesha elizayo wayekhula kunye nabazalwana - uAndrey, iDmifury noIvan. Ngobuntwana nenkosana yolutsha kunye nolutsha iyazi kancinci.
Emncinci, iVasily IV yaba nomdla kwezopolitiko. UShuisky ujoyina igumbi lenqanawa yeMoscow, kamva ifuna ukukhulisa kwinkonzo. IVasily Ivanovich iyalele ukuba i-boyArian. INkosana yathatha inxaxheba kumaphulo omkhosi, kanye nokuba ithunyelwe kwisalathiso kusapho lukaThixo.
Ukuqala kweBhodi
IBhodi yeVasly Shuisky yaqalisa ukuba akukho lula. Kuyaziwa ukuba umsebenzi wezopolitiko vasily IV uqalile ngexesha laxa uForistounov wayekwitrone. Ngelo xesha, bendibonakala ngathi ndisenziwa ngummangaliso we-Tsarevich Dhifury, ukumkani wexesha elizayo waseLidmimry I. Shui, wajika wangena njengomlawuli wexesha elizayo. Kungekudala, u-Goris U-tunouv uyafa, kwaye etroneni inyuka i-Vasili IV.
I-Vallyly IV igcina intiyo ngaphakathi kuye kwaye ilungiselela isicwangciso sokubhukuqa inkosi yobuxoki. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku kunceda ukuhlela, ixhasa inyathelo lobuxoki. Kathathu umfana uFearin azamile ukumbhukuqa umlawuli. Okokuqala ngqa, iyelenqe iyelenqe, emva koko wagwetyelwa ukumkani. Kodwa uMongami ongendawo wobuxoki wanyibilika genaly kwaye wabuyela kwinkonzo.
Inqaku lesibini laphumelela. Ngo-1606, i-fapemin yaseria ndabulawa. I-boymar yayalela kwitrone kaVasily Shui. Ngembuyekezo, uKumkani omtsha wathembisa inkwenkwe Duma yokudluliselwa kwenxalenye yegunya lakhe.
Kwezopolitiko zasekhaya
Iminyaka yolawulo lukaVasly Shuisky yaba yinxalenye yembali yaseRussia, ebizwa ngokuba lilize elingaqhelekanga. Ngokuchasene namandla okubamba, kwaye ukuntywila kwamazwe aseYurophu kwakuthintela ukusekwa konxibelelwano lwangaphakathi. Ngaphandle koku, iVally IV ikwazile ukwenza iinguqu ezininzi kubomi belizwe laseRussia.
Umgaqo-nkqubo wangaphakathi weShuisky waqala ngokuqalisa iindlela zokuqinisa amandla. Inkosi ibonisa irekhodi elinqamlezileyo. Olu xwebhu lulinganise ngokusemandleni enkosana, kodwa enjalo yayingumnqweno waba boy onyula i-IVly IV. Ukuphucula iimeko phakathi kwezidwangube, kokukoyisa indawo yabo yeVesily IV yazisa ngephetshana elineminyaka eli-10 ubudala. Kodwa kwangancedi ukugcina abafana ecaleni kwamandla olawulo emva kokufika kweFallitra i.
I-Shuisky inomdla wokuqinisa imikhosi. Ingqwalaselo ekhethekileyo umphathi ohlawulelwa uqeqesho ngaphakathi kwemikhosi. Imithetho ephambili eboniswe kumgaqo-mkhosi. Umzekelo we-vasily iv uthathe amaJamani. Incwadana yemithetho ibimise imigaqo yokuziphatha yamajoni, iinkokeli. Ukungoneliseki kwabantu ngokuthe ngcembe bafumana amandla, ngaphandle kwemizamo yoorhulumente ukuba acashe izifundo. Kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zelizwe, uchulumanco lwavuka rhoqo. I-Shuisky yabona isisombululo esichanekileyo kwingxaki kwi-reasars.
Umgaqo-nkqubo wezangaphandle
Imvelaphi ye-vasily shruisky ene-aristoctranity. Ukuba ngukumkani, uVasily IV wazama ukukholisa abafana ababefuna ukugqiba umanyano nezibonda. Owona msebenzi uphambili kumgaqo-nkqubo wangaphandle weShuisky wayengumphumo kunye nentetho ephendula. Kodwa uthethathethwano-thethwano ngoxilongo kunye nabalawuli basePoland khange bazise iziphumo ezilindelweyo.
I-UPRISISISES, icwangciswe ngu-I. BOTONIKOV, ndithintele kuphela ukusekwa kwehlabathi kunye nezibonda, kuba i-Holddery, kunye nabantu abangaphumeleleyo, bathabatha abemi behlabathi. IPoland neMoscow bezikwinqanaba lobutshaba. Izibonda ezincomekileyo ukubasemagunyeni baseRussia ukuba babuyele abasemzini.
Kodwa amandla ebusweni bukaVasily Shuisky ukhethe enye indlela - i-rappiroched kunye neSwedes. Umlawuli waseSweden Karl Ix wamenza inyanzelise inkosi yaseRussia. I-European Slast yeDiploma, apho waxela impendulo kwi-Commonwealth, ebizwa ngokuba yiMuscovtes ukuba ijoyine. Kulwazi lwesibini loLwazi lokuFunda nokuBhala, iSwedede yazisa icebo lokubhukuqa i-shuisky. Abaphathi bemvukelo babezizilini.
Izehlo ingenziwanga i-vasily iv ayinakufumaneka. Kwelinye icala, "i-crursade" kwilizwe laseCharles IX, kwelinye-ezo-ubudlelwane obuninzi kunye nezibonda. UShuisky wazama ukuphepha iimpendulo ngqo kwimibuzo enikezwe yi-Sweden kwicala. Wahlulwe ngamabinzana aqhelekileyo, njengokuthi "ukwaphula ulwaphulo-mthetho akuyi kuba, kodwa akunakuqinisekiswa ilizwe ngeSweden."
Abalawuli bamanye amazwe baqhubeka nokucinezela inkosi yaseRussia. Umhlaba ofunekayo kunye nokukwazi ukurhweba eRussia, abanye bafuna ukubuya i-mnishek bavalela izibonda. Ngenxa yoko, uShupisky wafika kwihlabathi ngentetho ephendula. Kodwa ukumkani waqonda ukuba isivumelwano esigqityiweyo sinokwaphulwa nangaliphi na ixesha.
Amathandabuzo eMlawuli waseRussia aqinisekisiwe kamva xa izibonda ziza namandla abantu abachasene nomanyano neMoscow. Ababhali-mbali bakholelwa ukuba izibonda zinegalelo kukhuthazo lweemfazwe zaseburhulumenteni elizweni, imbonakalo ye-falmitria II. Ingcinezelo yePoland enikezelwa ngabathengisi ababona abatshabalalisa bakarhulumente eRussia.
IBhodi yeVasly Shuisky yayingaphumli. I-Mnishek kunye ne-Lhadmitiry II ibichasene norhulumente wangoku. Izibonda, ngenene, uthathe i-tushino kwaye ichasa i-moscow. Inkosi yaseRussia yayingenalo ithuba lokuzimelana nedwa ngesisongelo esizayo, ngokunjalo iv isondele kwi-spledes. Ukumkani waseSweden usafuna ukwandisa impembelelo kumazwe aseRussia. Ukutshintshiselana ngentsebenziswano kweSweden, i-cola, i-iCAOOOOD, Korela kufuneka isuswe. Ibali ligcine iileta ezalelwa yiKarl Ix Addists:
"Kufikile eli tyala elihle ukuba lisebenzise i-purkish yeRussia ngenxa yokuphuhliswa kwesithsaba seSweden ukuba akunakwenzeka ukuyiphosa; Oko kuya kuthetha ukwenza amandla ezopolitiko, ukusuka apho kungabi kugwetyelwa phambi koThixo okanye phambi kwabantu. "Ungenelelo kwiimeko ezinjalo lube yinyani. Ukongeza kumlo wokulwa neziSwedes, i-vasily shui kwakufuneka ixhathise i-tushinsemi. Ukumkani wafumana imfuneko yokuba bafumane uncedo, kodwa bakwazi ukufumana uncedo kuphela eHorde. I-TATARS ikhutshwe ngenxa ye-vasily iv oskol kunye ne-Liven.
Udluliselo lwemali olutsha kwimiyalelo yenze imeko: I-TATAT ihlasele i-Lhadtmitiya II kwiSithili seBorovsky. Ngaphandle kokubuyiselwa kwakhona kwe-Ofisi kaNondyebo yobushesha ngenkcitho yeMoscow, isiphumo esifanelekileyo kwintsebenziswano kunye nama-vasily shuisky akafumananga. Amajelo agqiba kwelokuba imali evela eMoscow yayincinci, yaza yaqalisa ukuphanga abantu abalula.
Inkosana yayizama ngayo yonke indlela yokukhusela imali enkulu kunye nelizwe laseRussia. Ulawulo lwe-suisky aluzange luzise utshintsho olubonakalayo kumgaqo-nkqubo wezangaphandle. Iinkosana zazama ukufumana amazwe aseRussia, amapolisa aphanga abantu, izibonda kunye ne-Likadmitriy II iququzelele i-crpiries challies iv.
Ngaphezulu
Ngo-1609, ubudlelwane kunye nezibonda buza kuqalisa ngokupheleleyo. Oku kungqinwa yinyani yokuba uKing uKing-Lithumanian Lithuania III yayingqingiwe kwi-smolensk. Yethu, inkosi yaseMoscow yakwazi ukukhulula uninzi lwamazwe aseRussia kubahlaseli. Ngaphandle koku, uValely Shukusky akakonwabelanga ebantwini, abantu abadala bamgqala njengomlawuli ongekho mthethweni.
Umnqweno wokubhukuqwa kwenkosi wavuka. Ukuqiniseka kwabantu bale dolophu kuye kongeza ukusweleka komphathi-manduli-Shuisky. Inyuka inyuka, eyavunyelwa ukuba ishenxise itrone ivela etroneni. I-Vallyly IV inyanzelwe ukuba ivakalise izifungo ze-monistic kwaye iphantsi kweemonki.
Ubomi Buqu
Kwibhayiloji ye-vasily shuisky echaze imitshato emibini. Umanyano lokuqala aluzange lunike iindlalifa. Umnqweno wokutshata noKumkani kwakhona, ngenxa yoko, emva kokusweleka komfazi wakhe, umphathi wawuhlala ixesha elide yibachelor. Umfazi wesibini wokumkani wayeyintombi yePrince Peter Ivanovich butthi-rostov uMary.
Kwakungekho thando phakathi kwendoda nomfazi wayo, njengoko umtshato wawucelwa ukuba uqhubeke nodumo. Kwi-Union Chaple Pession, ababengafuni ukuyidlulisela itrone kubantu abangabaziyo. Umtshato wazisa kumlawuli weentombi ezimbini ezifa esemncinci. Kwi "Belsky Chrocler" ithi:
"Tsar vasilla ivanavich yonke iRussia yayineentombi ezimbini kuphela, kwaye abo basemncinci bacinezelwa; I-Tako ibiza umxholo weNastasya no-Anna. "Ukufa
I-Shuisky emva kokuba ibhukuqwe yayisezandleni ze-Polish Hetman. Inkosi, kunye nabazalwana, yiziseni i-smlensk, emva kombuzo ozenzileyo kwaye umele inkosi uSigismund. Iinkosana azizange zibekho olunye ukhetho, indlela yokuzisa isifungo kumlawuli wasePoland.
Ngexesha lokuqukumbela kwinqaba yaseGotynin, i-Ex-SE-CHERHER YOKHUSELEKO. Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa kamva baqonda ngokubulawa kukaMzalwan 'uDamity. Ngu-Ivan Shuisky ekwazile ukubuyela kumhlaba wokuzalwa. Kumashumi eminyaka kamva, izivumelwano zeveki zithuthwa kwisicelo se-mikhail fedorovich ye-eRhayipha ye-TERATHALPHERK ye-MOSCOW kreylin.