Biography
I-Theatress Theatre kunye ne-cinema Ingrid Bergman iye yaba yintsomi ye-Italiyane Neorealism. Ukongeza kwimbonakalo entle kangaka, iMusel Alfred Hickin inayo netalente engaqhelekanga, engakwazanga ukudlula kuwo nawuphi na umlawuli. Umculi, uzukiso apho i-roses ye-roses ibizwa ngokuba yiBhaso ye-Oscar, kane iGlobe le "Globle" kwaye ibini ipremiyamu izukisiwe.Ubuntwana noLutsha
I-Ingrid Bergman yazalwa ngo-Agasti 29, 1915 kwikomkhulu leSweden - Stockholm. Utata we-Ortiver I-Justus Bergman enekhamera yeekhamera. Ungomnye wale dolophu wazithenga ikhamera yevidiyo, enkosi apho ihlabathi liphela lifumanise ukuba i-Ingdrid yayingumntwana wefoto yefoto.
Umama we-artist right henrietta akazange asebenze naphi na. Ngokungqongqo, engenalo ingcinga imifanekiso lo mfazi yayiyinto eyahlukileyo yokuphupha, ubugcisa beqabane. Wasweleka kwisifo se-gellbladder, xa intombi yayiyiminyaka emithathu.
Kungekudala emva kokusweleka kukamama, umakazi wakhe, uSullen noTuthere uFareya waya endlwini, wafudukela endlwini. Umfazi wayengakhuli ekukhuliseni komfundi wesibini, ngenxa yokuba i-Ingrid yajongeka ngakumbi kwilizwi lakhe. Ndikunye nabahlobo abaziingqondi, wayedla ngokuhamba ngenzondelelo phambi kweSahluko seSahluko.
Kwiminyaka eyi-11, utata wakhe wathabatha intombi ukuba isebenze ithiyetha yesizwe yasebukhosini. Kwimonki yoonomathexokazi, wafumanisa ihlabathi elikhulu elitsha, apho abantu badlala khona kwinqanaba, kunye nemvume yezihlobo zafumana uthando nengqwalaselo kwabo babekho kwinkcazo yoluntu. Ekupheleni kwendlela yokusebenza, i-Ingrid encinci sele yazi ukuba yintoni eyayiza kuchitha ubomi bakhe.
Kufanelekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba, njengomntwana, i-movie Starting School kwaye iphindaphindekele kwisigulana ukuba singayi kwizifundo. Ukungavumi ukuya kwesi sikolo kwabonakala ngenxa yokwaliwa kwenkangeleko yakhe. Usindiso kwiingcinga ezinzima zeBergman ezifumaneka kwiincwadi. Owona mlinganiswa uthandwayo womculi yayinguZhanna D'. I-heroine yatsala uthixo wakhe, inkalipho kunye nenyani yokuba i-orleans yintombi enyulu yayinjengoko injalo.
Inyanga ngaphambi kwesikhumbuzo sakhe se-14, iBergman yaphulukana notata othandekayo othandekayo, owabulawa ngumhlaza wesisu. Ukushiya iinkedama, i-Ingrid yafudukela kumakazi kaHelen, kodwa yasweleka kwisiqingatha sonyaka. Ke ingrid yafudukela kumalume otto.
Umhanahanisi wayenzulu kakhulu. I-pulmonary obambeleyo yamvumela ukuba aqiniseke kubalinganiswa, kuba iimaski zazo wawufihla ngobuchule umphefumlo wakhe wenzakele. Kwiminyaka eli-15 ubudala, uBergman walala phantsi kwisiqendu se "upeyinta" yamanye amazwe, ngaloo ndlela ebeka umsebenzi wokuqalisa kwakhe obambekayo.
Ngo-1933, i-Ingrid yahamba isikolo semidlalo yeqonga lasebukhosini, kwaye emva konyaka umfundi onetalente wafumana isindululo sokudubula kwifilimu. Ngaphandle kwento yokuba ootitshala baqwalasele umsebenzi wemovie, ukuba bangakufanelekeli ukuba ngumdlali wenene, uBergman washiya ngaphandle kokuphelisa iziko lemfundo kwaye akazange alahle. Ukudlala ngo-1936, eyona nqanawa iphambili kwi-6 yaseSweden Ribbons, waba ngababukeli abathandayo kwihlabathi liphela.
Iifilimu
Enkosi kwi-roodrames melodrame "Ngo-1936, umphathi weHollywood uDavid Selznik waqatshelwa ngo-1936. Uthenge ilungelo kwifilimu kwaye wasayina isivumelwano kunye nomdlali weqonga ekudubuleni ngokutsha kweTeyinti eMelika.
Ngo-1941, ifoto yefilimu iphinde yenziwa ngendima kwifilimu "gibs jackail kunye noMnu. Heid". KwiSizwe, i-Ingrid idlale i-Sweedin Costers kunye nabaphulaphuli, kodwa ihenyukazi ivi. Le ndima yanika umculi ithuba lokuzibonakalisa kwicala elitsha, ngaxeshanye ebonisa ngokwesini.
Kunyaka olandelayo, uBergman, isibini esine-humphrey bogart ichikiwe kwifilimu ye-Michael Carkitsay CaCablana. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba ngokomfanekiso we-Irlo, oomatshini-bstemizi bachitha amaxesha asincinci, kuba uBergman akazange abone kwisimo sakhe sobuntu bakhe.
Ebutsheni be-1944, ifick ye-george ye-guck "ukukhanya kwegesi" kuphume. Kwipeyinti, umongo wadlala umfazi ongumyeni wakhe otyhafileyo wazama ukukholisa isibakala sokuba uyaphambana. Indima yazisa i-Ingrid i-oscar yokuqala. Ngo-1945-1946 waphawulwa kukungena ekukhanyeni kwe-Alfred Hichkok "iWelbid" kunye "nozuko olubi".
Ifilimu "Iintsimbi zeSaint Mariya" yaba sisiqalekiso seBergman. Ngaphandle kokuphumelela komfanekiso, isibakala sokuba umbukeli waqala ukuchaza umondi kunye ne-heroine yakhe, kuchaphazele kakubi ubomi bomculi, apho kulindelwe izimilo ezinde.
Ngo-1948, i-pinematic bank i-pineggman ye-pinegman yagcwaliswa nendima ephambili kwifilimu "Zhanna D'. I-Ingrid wayelindele ukuba le khasethi ingayiphakamisa kwinqanaba elitsha, kodwa ngenxa yoko, lo mfanekiso awuzange uwele ukungcamla okanye abaphulaphuli okanye abaphulaphuli okanye abaphulaphuli okanye abaphulaphuli.
Ifilimu "ifilimu", ekhutshwe kwizikrini ezinkulu ngo-1950, wafumana uphononongo olubi kakhulu kwaye wavalwa kwizixeko ezininzi. Malunga nezigidi ezintlanu zaseMelika zivotele ngokuqinisekisa ukuba iifilimu zokuthatha inxaxheba kukaBergman zivaliwe ukubonisa kumhlaba welizwe labo.
Ngo-1956, umzobi olwela emfanekisweni "Antostasia". AmaKinomonans kwihlabathi liphela afikelele kwisigqibo sokuba indima yomfazi, ukuthathwa kwendlala ngenxa yendawo yabo ebomini, yayifanelekile kakhulu i-Ingrid. Kwiminyaka emibini kamva, iBergman, kunye ne-Cartor ye-Caretor edumileyo ye-cartor ichithwe kwifilimu stanley ye-Indinley "Indiscreet."
Ngo-1974, umzobi wavela kwifilimu "Ukubulala kwimpuma yeMpuma", apho wayezidlala njengomthunywa wevangeli ongenatyala kwiqabane lolwaphulo-mthetho lukaGreto Olyon. Ngo-1978, i-Inmar Mermar Bergman "I-Autumn Sinata" yakhutshwa kwizikrini ezinkulu, kunye nomfazi wedrama ka-1982
Ubomi Buqu
Onke amadoda ahlala ephila kubomi baseBergman engaqondanga ukuba umsebenzi we-Ingdrid ubeyona nto iphambili kwiintsapho nabantwana. Ukuba yintombazana eselula, i-orporess ijije inoveli enomagqirha wamazinyo ophumelelayo uPeter Lindststrom. Indoda eyayikhulile kumculi kangangeminyaka eli-10, yanikela intembelo yeBergman kwikamva kwaye watsala umdla wokuthembeka kwakhe kunye ne-bound. Wayengumhlobo, kwaye ungumthandi, kunye nomcebisi.
IBergman yacetyiswa rhoqo kunye nentanda yakhe kwimicimbi yomsebenzi. UPetros wayekholelwa ukuba i-ingregiate evela kwi-Ingrid ayincedisi umfanekiso wokukhupha impilo kunye nokutsha ubuhle obutsha. Kuyaziwa ukuba ngaphambi kokuba uye e-stockholm, ekwiziko ledolophu yaseStockholm, abathandi bangene kwibhayisekile yemoto. Ngaphandle kokufikelela eyona njongo yesibini yeekhilomitha, iBergman idluliselwe kwizithuthi ezinamavili amabini, ezayo kwindawo esele kuyo.
UPeter no-Ingrid bavuka ngo-1936th, kwaye ngonyaka wabo wenziwa. Ngehlobo lowe-1937, intsapho encinci yosapho yayinezihlobo zendoda eJamani. Ngexesha lesidlo sangokuhlwa, kwavela ukuba umakazi weLindstrome wayenomdla kwimbono kaHitler. Ukonwabela isizalwane seqabane, iBergman isayine ikhontrakthi yokudubula iifilimu ezimbini kunye ne-Nazi ".
Ukubuyela kwimiphetho yemveli, umbango ngo-1937 wanika ipire kwintombazana ethandekayo. Xa umlinganiso onetalente wafumana isimemo seHollywood, umyeni wakhe akazange akhathazeke. Kwintsapho yowe-1939 yafudukela eCalifornia. Ixesha likaPeter elifutshane elifunyenwe eMelika kunye nomsebenzi wakhe ophambili, kodwa kungekudala waba ngumphathi we-Active. Kwiminyaka emibini kamva, oyena mntu umele umhlobo ngaphandle komhlobo wabathandayo onxulumene kuphela nolwalamano lweshishini kuphela. UIngrid wayefuna uqhawulo-mtshato, kodwa umyeni owazi iinoveni zomfazi wakhe ecaleni, akamnikanga.
Ngentwasahlobo yowe-1946, umoba ongumoli wabona ifilimu yeNenalist Roberto Rssselini "iRoma - isiXeko esivulekileyo". Ukulula kunye nokwenyani komsebenzi omkhulu wokusebenza kubunzulu bomphefumlo bachukumise iBergman. Emva kwexesha kudliwanondlebe noIngrid wavuma ukuba bathandana noMlawuli wase-Italiya kwiifilimu zakhe. Ngokuphunyezwa kweqabane lakho, umxholo wabhalisa ileta yeRoberto, eyabonisa umdla wakhe ngokubambisana naye.
NgoMatshi ngo-1949, i-Ingrid yabaleka kwikomkhulu le-Itali ukuba idlale i-rosssellini. Ehlotyeni lonyaka, inoveli yabo yaba luluntu. Oovimba babukele eluthandweni kunye noSuku, nasebusuku. UPeter, owayengafuni kwenza isibakala sokuba umtshato wakhe wafika esiphelweni, wasaleka waya eRoma kumfazi wakhe. Emva kwencoko ende, wazibopha intliziyo evumile ukuba anike iqabane elithandwayo loqhawulo-mtshato. Kuyinyani, ekugqibeleni, umntu owonileyo wafumana umfazi owayesakuba ngumgcini.
Xa ulwazi malunga nokukhulelwa komsebenzi lwaluvuthiwe kwimithombo yeendaba, iintatheli zingqinwa yinkanyezi yenkanyezi, kwaye emva kokuzalwa konyana we-1950 unyana ofuna ukufumana imifanekiso yosana olusandul 'ukuzalwa nangaliphi na ixabiso. Kwakuloo nyaka, abathandi bazenza ngathi ubudlelwane babo. Kwiminyaka emibini emva komtshato, uBergman wanika umyeni wakhe kumawele nase-Isabella Rssssdelini.
Inkwenkwezi igqibe kwelokuba ingaphindi iimpazamo zexesha elidlulileyo kwaye ifakwe kwindawo yokuqala engagungqi kwiimovie, kodwa usapho. Kuyinyani, emva kweminyaka embalwa, uIngrid waqonda ukuba umyeni wakhe akakwazanga ukondla yena nabantwana bodwa. Ngaphandle koqhanqalazo loMlawuli, wadlala kwi-theatrical anderland anderson "iti kunye novelwano". URossselini ngaphambi kwePhemu yomdlalo wathi umdlalo ugqibelele.
Emva kwesenzo sokuqala, wacela uBergman: "Kwiholo, omnye umntu wahlala?" Emva kokuba umntu owesibini wabuza ukuba amatamasi akhe akaphosi, kwaye xa ekupheleni kwenkcazo-ntetho, abaphulaphuli baqhwaba i-Ingring i-Ingrid kangangemizuzu eli-14, ethe cwaka kwithiyetha. Okwalo mzuzu, umzobi waqonda ukuba ukuphela komtshato wakhe. Baqhawula umtshato ngo-1957, kwangasemva konyaka, iSwededu edumileyo iphinde yatshata kwakhona. Umvelisi wakhe we-chmidt uLars Schmidt waba yinkosi yakhe. Imanyano eyayikho iminyaka eyi-17, yawa ngo-1975.
Ukufa
Ngo-1973, i-orporer yokufumana umhlaza webele kwaye usisuse ngokukhawuleza isifuba sasekhohlo. Ngexesha lemifanekiso ye-fashatom ye "Iprecren Sonata", i-Engrid yafunda ukuba i-turum inike i-itastases. Emva kokuphuma kwe-ribbon kwizikrini ezinkulu, kodwa isifo kodwa isifo saphuhliswa ngakumbi. Emva kweeveki ezimbalwa emva kotyando, inkanyezi yeHollywood yaqala ukudumba isandla sakhe. Oogqirha babhengeza isidingo sokunqunyulwa komzimba. Ukwenza umbono wokuba sisikhubeki kwaye ube ngumthwalo ojikelezileyo, umculi wakhetha ukufa kancinci.
Ngaphandle kwentlungu enganyamezelekiyo, iBergman iqhubekile nefilimu. NgoSeptemba 1981, wabaleka waya kwaSirayeli ekudubeni kwefilimu yomabonwakude "ogama lingugolide." Ekuqaleni, umThetho wala indima, echaza ukuba uliSwedede enkulu, kwaye igolide ngamaJuda amfutshane, kodwa ekugqibeleni, i-Ingrid isainkqayisi kwifilimu. Ngokutsho kwabahlobo, indima ebalulekileyo ekwenzeni isigqibo idlale inyani yokufana nemifanekiso yobomi baba bafazi babinimeleleyo. U-Israyeli Prime, kunye nomnini wee-oscars ezintathu, wazisa usapho kwinkonzo yomsebenzi, kwaye wayengazi nokuba yintoni i-incology.
I-Bergman inesibindi esilwelekayo nesigulo esiqatha iminyaka eli-9. Umdlali osweleke ngomhla wakhe wokuzalwa kwe-67-Agasti 29, 1982, eLondon. Uthuli lwalo, kwintando, igxothiwe kwi-skagerrak strait, eqhagamshela uLwandle lwaseMantla noluhlaza, kwaye hayi kude nokuhlala kwihlobo nge-1958, lafaka ityesi.
I-filmography
- Ngo-1982 - "Umfazi ogama linguSolide"
- Ngo-1974 - "Ukubulala" kwi "Mpuma yeMpuma" "
- Ngo-1969 - "Intyatyambo yeCactus"
- Ngo-1964 - "Ndwendwela"
- Ngo-1956 - "Asostasia"
- Ngo-1954 - "Uloyiko"
- Ngo-1949 - "Ngophawu lweCapricorn"
- Ngo-1948 - "UJeanne D''' Umkhombe"
- Ngo-1948 - "trimphal arch"
- Ngo-1946 - "Uzuko olubi"
- Ngo-1945 - "EFUNA"
- Ngo-1943 - "Umyalelo Woda Intsimbi"
- Ngo-1942 - "Casablanca"
- Ngo-1941 - "UGqirha Jagail noMnu. Heid"
- Ngo-1936 - i-intermezzo