Biography
Imbongi kunye nomculi we-maximilian voloshin wagxothwa kwiDyunivesithi yaseMaximilian Voloshin. UMdali owaziyo indlela yokuqukumbela iingqungquthela ngaphakathi, kwisakhelo sohlobo lwembongi, ukongeza kwipeyinti kunye nemibongo, yabhala amanqaku obunzima kunye nengqondo.
Eqaqambileyo, egcwele iziganeko eziphazamisayo kunye neentlobo ngeentlobo zokuhlanganisana ubomi ukusuka ekuqaleni kuka-1917 kugxilwe eRussia. Kwiindlela ezibhaliweyo ezigcinwe ngumbhali endlwini eyakhiwe nguKoktelbel, kunye nonyana kaKyoni ye-chukovky, kunye ne-nikhaliil burgayov, kwaye nkqu ne-marina Tsvetaeva, iphinde yafumaneka.
Ubuntwana noLutsha
I-Maximilian Alexandrovich Voloshin yazalwa nge-16 ka-1877 eKiev. Umama wembongi u-Elena Ottobaldovna wayengumfazi owevolotisayo kwaye owahlukileyo. Kungekudala emva kokuzalwa koNyana, wemka nomyeni wakhe. EMax, umfazi wayefuna ukuphakamisa isimilo sokulwa, kwaye inkwenkwe yayikhula, njengoko uMarina Tsina Tesveeva kamva wathi, "Ngaphandle kwengxolo," yayinothando kwaye unobuhlobo.
Kuyaziwa ukuba eKoktelibe, apho uVoshin wafudukela kunye nonina eneminyaka eli-16 ubudala, uElena wafumana amakhwenkwe ajikelezileyo ukuba abangele i-maximilian ukuya kumlo. Umama wamkela umdla woNyana wakhe kubugqi kwaye akazange akhubeke, ukuba wayehlala ehleli kwindawo yokuzivocavoca unyaka wesibini. Omnye wootitshala bamaXwebhu ukhe wathi ukufundisa into ye-idiot ayinakwenzeka. Phantse iinyanga ezintandathu, njengasemngcwabeni katitshala, uVoshin wabhengeza imibongo yakhe emangalisayo.
Nangona umbhali osusela ngo-1897 ukuya kwi-189 wayengumfundi wecandelo lemicimbi yeYunivesithi yaseMoscow kwaye wayesoloko efumene ulwazi lwakhe oluguquguqukayo. Ukusuka kwi-biography yombhali, kuyaziwa ukuba iDiploma Maximilian akazange akwazi ukufumana. Ukuqokelelwa kokuthatha inxaxheba kwi-riots, lo mfo wagqiba kwelokuba ungaqhubeki ukufunda kwaye uzibandakanye kwimfundo.
Uncwadi
I-voloshin yokuqala ye-voloshin - "imibongo" - yaphuma ngo-1910. Kwimisebenzi efakiwe kwingqokelela, ukulandelela ngokucacileyo ukufuna umbhali ukuze azi isiphelo sehlabathi kunye nembali yoluntu ngokubanzi. Ngo-1916, umbhali upapasha ingqokelela yemibongo yokulwa nemfazwe "(" ngonyaka wehlabathi elivuthayo "). Kwakuloo nyaka, kufanelekile kwi-koktelbel ethandekayo, eyanikelwa nguye kamva isibini soMoya.
Ngo-1918 nowe-1919, iincwadi ezimbini zemibongo zipapashwa- "Iverni" kunye "needemon zangeva". Kumqolo ngamnye, isandla sombhali asisoloko sihleli. Ngakumbi imibongo yemibala yevoloshin, inikezelwe kuhlobo lwempuma yeMpuma yeMpuma.
Ukususela ngo-1903, uVoloshin uprists Iingxelo zayo kwiphepha lamaphephancwadi "amakali" kunye nephephandaba "i-RUS". Kwixa elizayo, ubhala amanqaku malunga nepeyinti kunye nemibongo yamaphephancwadi "uboya ngegolide", "Apollo", amaphephandaba "iRussia". Inani elipheleleyo lomsebenzi ongekaphulukanga ixabiso layo, ayisiyiyo ivolumu enye.
Ngo-1913, ngokunxulumene nenzame yemvakalelo yomfanekiso we-Inta Efimovich "Ivan ye-Ivan yakhe", uVeloshin wapapashwa ngokwemvelo kubugcisa, epapashe incwadana ". Kwaye nangona emva kwale bhodi yokuhlela, uninzi lwamaphephancwadi lavavala iminyango yalo phambi kwakhe, ngokujonga umsebenzi womculi owoneliswa ngabaphulaphuli, ngo-1914 incwadi yeLiki "yapapashwa.
Ukupeyinta
Ukupeyinta i-voloshin yathatha ubugcisa obuhle. Ngehlobo lowe-1913, wabhala indlela yedlelane, kwaye kunyaka olandelayo wabhala i-edudcolor ("eSpain. Ngaselwandle", "i-paris yemvume ebusuku"). Iphepha elihlwempuzekileyo lamanzi asemgangathweni we-voshinired voshin ukuze isebenze ngokukhawuleza ngethoni enqwenelekayo, ngaphandle kokulungiswa kunye neebhloko.
Umsebenzi ngamnye omtsha uMaximilian wayephethe isuntswana loluntu nothando. Ukudala ukupeyinta, umculi ubonakaliswa kumyinge wezinto ezine (umhlaba, amanzi, umoya kunye nomlilo) kunye nemvakalelo enzulu yendawo. Yonke imeko yaseMaximili yaseMaximili igcinwe ngoxinano kunye ne-invoice yaza yaguqukela kwi-canvas ("imihlaba", "ipinki," i-Lunar vrt ").
I-Maximian iphefumlelwe imisebenzi yeklasi yamaJapan, kunye nepeyinti yomhlobo wakhe - i-theodosi Artist Konstantin Bonstantin Bonstantin Bonstantin Bonstantinsky, eMifanekiso yokuqala ikhutshiwe nge-vovinsky yemibongo ngo-1910. Ndikunye no-Ivan Alivazovysky, e-Emkhuluil Givan kunye neLvir Lagorio, i-Voloshin namhlanje ihlelwa njengabameli besikolo saseKimmerian sepeyinti yokupeyinta.
Ubomi Buqu
Ukuphelela ngokugqwetha ngokukhula okuncinci nokukhula kwe-realcular mene entloko kwenziwa kubantu besini esadlulayo kwimo ekhohlisayo ye-voloshin. Abafazi ecaleni kombhali okhutshiweyo baziva ngokukhuselekileyo kwaye bekholelwa ukuba ayifani nendoda enombhali obenayo indoda yokwenyani yokubuyela ekhaya.
Ubomi bobomi bukaVoloshin banandipha lo msebenzi, wabamba i-piggy ye-piggy bank ngamagama amatsha. Umfazi wokuqala wokugxeka yayingumculi uMargarita Sabashnikov. Inoveli yabo yaqala eParis. Ulutsha lwakhe lwaziswa kwiSorbhonne, kwelinye lawuphi umdlali kwaye lwabona intombazana efana namaconsi amabini amanzi afana ne-Taritsato.
Ngomhla wokuthandana, umbhali uphendulwe kwintloko yemyuziyam kwaye wawubonisa umfanekiso karhulumente waseYiputa. Ngoonobumba, izihlobo ze-Manimilian zavuma ukuba wayengakholelwa ukuba uMargarita wayeyindoda yokwenene evela kwinyama negazi. Abantu kwimiyalezo yokuphendula bagody babuza imbongi yebhinqa lembongi ukuba bangaze bathathe inkanyezi yaseAlabasra.
Emva komtshato, obanjelwe ngo-1906, abathandi bafudukela eSt. Petersburg. Ummelwane wabo yayiyimbongi edumileyo vnylav ivanov. Iingcali ezifuzisela zihlanganisene veki nganye kwindlu yombhali. Indwendwe eliqhelekileyo yayinguVoloshin nenkosikazi yakhe. Ngelixa i-Manimilian yavakaliswa ngenzondelelo, yaxanda kwaye yacaphula, ukuthembeka kwakhe kukhokelele kwiincoko ezolileyo ne-Ivanov. Kwincoko, uMargarita uye waphinda wachaza ukuba kumelwa ubomi bobugcisa bokwenyani kufuneka bube nedrama nokuba isibini esitshatileyo asikho kwifashoni.
Ngexesha apho i-vyartrov kunye neMargaritans zazalwa nje ziimvakalelo zomdlalo weDrama uElizabeth Dmittev, engu-1909 iqaliswe yimfihlakalo ephumeleleyo. Imagazini Apollo.
Iimfihlakalo zasungula iinyanga ezintathu kuphela, emva koko i-cherubhina yavezwa. NgoNovemba wonyaka omnye, uNikolai Gumilev, othi ngaxesha linye wazisa i-DMIREVEV ngethuba lokuvota, enamaXebimaliilia kwicala le-poees, eVenezia ".
Ngenxa yoko, intombazana engendawo ye-chromonoga yayisenza isizathu sokuba uVoloshin noGumilev babhengeza i-duel kumlambo omnyama. Emva komlo otyhutyhayo, apho umntu owayenommangaliso, umfazi kaMajimili waxela ukuba wayenomdla kumyeni wakhe malunga nenjongo yoqhawulo mtshato. Njengoko kuye kwenzeka kamva, iqabane likaIvanov lacebisa ukuba liphile abathathu, wavuma.
Ngo-1922, indlala yaqala eCrimea. Umama ka-Prisarist, uElena Ottobaldovna, wabonakala edlula. UMax warred ngomzali ovuthayo ovuthayo kwilali yaseFeddessheritsa Maria Zabotkaya. Kukulo mfazi olungileyo nowuphendulayo ome ngakuye ngexesha lomngcwabo kamama, watshata ngoMatshi 1927.
Kwaye nangona amaqabane akazange asebenze ngaphandle kwabantwana, uMaria Stepanovna wayekufuphi nombhali nochulumanco, kwaye ngentliziyo enzima de kwasekufeni kwakhe. I-OVDOV, akazange atshintshe ii-odolo ze-Koktetabel kwaye aqhubeke nokuzithatha endlwini ye-Voshina yobhadulo kunye namagcisa.
Ukufa
Iminyaka yokugqibela yobomi bembongi yayizaliswe ngumsebenzi - iMaximilian yabhala i-manecolor enkulu kwaye ipeyintiweyo. NgoJulayi 1932, i-asthma yolawulo lwe-asthma eneenwele ezininzi yayinzima kakhulu ngumkhuhlane kunye nokuvuvukala kwemiphunga. I-Voloshin isweleke emva kokubetha ngo-Agasti 11, 1932. Ingcwaba lakhe likwisibini seekhilomitha ukusuka eKoktelbel Mount Kuchiuk-Ywanyshar.
Emva kokusweleka kombhali ovuthuzayo, umfuduli we-scredy mercurov, owenze imaski ye-postSthumous maylin, i-vladimir ilgaich lenich ye-lenin, ithathe inqaba kunye nobuso booviloshin. Umfazi wombhali, uMaria ZabolotKkoy, ulawule ukugcina ilifa lendalo lomyeni oshushu. Enkosi kwimizamo yakhe ka-Agasti 1984, indlu kaMaximiliana ekwi-iricada ifumene imeko yemyuziyam.
I-Bibliography
- Ngo-1899- "iVenice"
- Ngo-1900 - "i-Acropolis"
- Ngo-1904 - "Ndahamba ebusuku. Kunye namadangatye afakelweyo ... "
- Ngo-1905 - "Tahiya"
- Ngo-1906 - "ingelosi"
- I-1911 - "Edward Vittigu"
- Ngo-1915 - "Paris"
- Ngo-1915 - "intwasahlobo"
- Ngo-1917 - "Ukuthatha amaThuleri"
- Ngo-1917 - "ingcwele eNgcwele"
- Ngo-1919 - "Ukubhala ngookumkani baseMoscow"
- Ngo-1919 - "Kite"
- Ngo-1922 - "krele"
- Ngo-1922 - "Izibini"
- Ngo-1924 - "Anchutka"