Biography
Namhlanje, ingxaki yokukhetha abantu abancinci bomsebenzi wakhe wexesha elizayo kufanelekile. Rhoqo ngenxa yokunqongophala kwezicwangciso zexesha elizayo, iitalente, izinto zokuzonwabisa okanye ngenxa yokungazi kwangaphambili, iyunivesithi, apho abazali bathumela khona, okanye kwiYunivesithi enye, abahlobo bawo. Ke emva kweminyaka emi-5 yokuhlala ibhulukhwe kwizibini ukuba zingasebenzi kwiliko elikhethekileyo.
Kodwa ngaba kubi kakhulu? Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, kukho imizekelo kwimbali yehlabathi xa wayefunda kwinye indlela, umntu wafuna iziphumo ezinokubakho kwelinye icala. Thatha, umzekelo, e-Evgeny Schwartz ...
Ubuntwana noLutsha
Umbhali weSoviet wexesha elizayo kunye nombhali waseSoviet wazalwa ngo-Oktobha 9, 1896. Yenzekile kwiKazan. Bazali be-Zhenium encinci ye-Zheyium yayingugqirha: Utata we-Biriovich - Ugqirha wogqirha, noMary Fedorovna - umbelekisi. Ngokutsho komgca katata, inkwenkwe yayineengcambu zobuYuda, awayelahla kuyo awayelahla kuyo abantu abasalupheleyo, emva kobhaptizo kwiCawa yobuOthodoki.
Emva kokubanjwa kwengonyama Boriovich ngo-1898, ekubokweni kweMisebenzi yoHlolongi efihlakeleyo, intsapho yatshutshiswa, ngenxa yokuba i-schwarz isuke kwenye indawo iye kwenye indawo.
Emva kokuba eDmidrov, eArmavir, eRyazan (kubazali bakaMary Fedorovna) kunye ne-Akhtyri, apho usapho lweRiphabhlikhi), apho ubuntwana nolutsha nolutsha lukaThemane lwenzeka. Ngo-1902, umntakwabo omncinci weValentine wazalwa ngo-1902.
Emva kwesikolo, inkwenkwe ingena kwisikolo salapha ekhaya. Bephumeleleyo kuye ngo-1913, uEugene uya kwiYunivesithi yaseMoscow ebizwa emva kwe-Alfons leOnovich Shanyavsky (ngoku - iYunivesithi yaseRussia State).
Ngokwemfundiso yabazali, i-faculty yomthetho iguqulelwa kwi-JURFEK yeDyunivesithi yaseMoscow ebizwa emva kwe-mikhail vasneevich. Ngeli xesha, usapho lwakhe lufudukela kwi-Ekterwodar (ngoku - Krasnodar).
Isibongozo ekwindla sika-1916 singena emkhosini, kwaye ngentwasahlobo yonyaka olandelayo wathunyelwa eTsaritsyno (ngoku - i-Volgograd) ibuyele eMoscow ukuba ibuyele kwisikolo somkhosi. Kwakuloo nyaka, isihloko sejunyisi sifumana kuqala, kwaye emva - i-Ensign.
Ngo-1918 weza kwizalamane zakhe eKeterrini, apho kamva wakhokelela khona kumkhosi wokuzithandela. Ithathe inxaxheba kwiphulo lokuqala lwe-Kubun eliphantsi kobunkokeli beLiseutenantant Jiketovich Pokrovsky, kwaye yayibambelele ekukhuseleni i-ekaterwovich i-Matshi yonyaka. Kwacalulelwa ukuba umngcaphili wokukhanya wezandla zakhe ashiye njengesikhumbuzo, kakhulu kwiminyaka yakutshanje ngenxa yoxinzelelo olunamandla.
Emva kokubuyiselwa kwakhona kwisibhedlele sasemkhosini, uEugene wayediliza. Ayifuni kusebenza kwi-schwartz ekhethekileyo, ke iya kwiyunivesithi yaseRostov, ngokuhambelana nokusebenza kwe "indibano yeqonga", kwi-orsoction youlelo ngo-1920.
Ukuhlalisa, ngo-1921, i-Schwartz, kunye nenkosikazi yakhe kunye ne-thetroupe, ihamba ePetrograd (St. Petersburg). U-Evgeny uqhubeka edlala indima ye-EPOSDIC kwimveliso. Ukuze ubomi buphile, kulungiselelwe ukusebenza kuqala kwivenkile yeencwadi, kwaye emva - ngunobhala woncwadi weKornea Chukovsky.
Uncwadi
Ukubhala ngokuzimeleyo, i-schwartz iqala kwiminyaka emibini kamva. Phantsi kwePleundenym, utat'omkhulu wapapasha i-fakeno kwi-rous youb. Ehlotyeni lonyaka, lo mshicileli uthumela e-Bakhmut ukuze akwazi ukuphumelela kwindlu yokupapasha kwindlu yokupapasha kwi "Kochegarka" - amaphephandaba "ama-ZABOY".
Ukubuyela ePettrograd, uEugene ubhale kwaye apapasha umsebenzi wayo wokuqala 'webali le-balay balay balay "(inombolo kaJulayi yeAlbanox" i-scarrow "). Eli bali liphawulela uSamweli Marshak kwaye ngo-1924 bamema umbhali ukuba asebenze kwiofisi yabantwana ye "Gosizdata" njengomhleli. Ababhali ababenethuba lokusebenzisana noSchwarz ngeli xesha, bazifumana ngamava, ukuxabana ukuba i-Evgeny Lvovich yayinezimvo ezibalulekileyo kwaye inika icebiso elifanelekileyo.
Kwangelo xesha, umntu othile ovela kubabhali abancinci ucebisa uSchwartz ukufaka uluntu olufothi oBufuthi, osebenzisana neemagazini zabantwana 'kunye "noChizh". U-Evgeny Lvovich upapasha amabali akhe, iintsomi, kunye nemibongo.
Ngo-1928, ubhala umdlalo wakhe wokuqala, "owenza" phantsi ". Kunyaka kamva, sele abekwe ithayithi yemidlalo yeLeningrad yombukeli oselula. Kwakuloo nyaka, umbhali wakhe kuphela wazalwa - intombi kaNatasha. Xa intombazana iphawula iinyanga ezimbini, i-Evgeny ishiya usapho lutshata kwakhona.
Ukusukela ngo-1930 naphambi kokuqala kwemfazwe yemvelo enkulu, i-Schwartz isebenza iziqhamo kakhulu. Ngo-1931 ubhala iskripthi sefilimu "yorhwebo 717". Unyaka olandelayo upapasha "iitrafi". Ngo-1934, enye yenkosazana kunye nomdlalo wehagu, uKumkani obe 'nguKumkani' kunye 'nobuncwane ", kunye nesibhalo sefilimu. Ukongeza, ngo-1934, uSchwartz uba lilungu lemanyano yababhali be-USSR. Ngo-1936 - iqhekeza elibomvu "i-coke i-red" kunye neencwadi "ze-lenochka kunye nediliya" kunye "neholide".
Elo nyaka uzayo, i-fale "ye-cales yekati entsha kwiibhutsi" ivela kwijenali. Ngo-1939, uSchwartz ubhala umdlalo "ukumkanikazi wekhephu", ngo-1966 baya kubeka ifilimu, kunye ne-Pepte ". Kunyaka olandelayo, i-Evgeny Lvovich yongeza umdlalo "weSithunzi", owaba yinxalenye yesibini ye-trilogy yeepine-pamon "(1934) kunye" nenamba "(1942-1943). Ngo-1971 nango-1991, isithunzi esithunzi sivele. Ngo-1940, utata wombhali uyafa.
Imfazwe yangaphambi kokuba i-Schwartz ye-Schwartz iba yinto elahlekileyo ', "abazalwana ababini" kunye nencwadana yokulwa i-anti-stamcist "kufutshane neLipami Berlin." Ngexesha lemfazwe, umbhali uhlala kwi-leningrad ye-blovade, esebenza kwiziko lerediyo. Ngo-1941, wakhutshwa eKirov, apho kulungiselelwe ukusebenza kwithiyetha yendawo. Ngo-1942, emva kokuba efudukele eLeningrad Touz, wafudukela eStalinabhad (ngoku - Dushanbe, kwikomkhulu laseTajikistan). ;
Apho, i-Evgeny Lvovich ibhala idlala idlala idlala "ngomda okude" kunye "nobusuku" ngokuzinikezela ukuba zikhuphe abantwana kunye nabakhuseli beLeningrad, ngokulandelelana. Ngo-1942 uyafa umama wakhe. Kwiminyaka emibini kamva, umbhali usiya eMoscow, apho "inamba" idlala kwaye ivuselela intsebenziswano nabalawuli bethiyetha kunye ne-cinema. Ngo-1945, i-cartoon "yeThele yasebusika", ifihliwe yiskripthi yakhe, kunye ne-wizard yefani "iprintwe.
Ngo-1947, ifilimu ehlelo "Cinderella", yadutyulwa kwi-schwartz idlala igama elifanayo. Iindima eziphambili kule filimu zenziwa nguJanina Jaimo, uVasily Mercurydev, uFana Ranevskaya, earas garin no-Alexey Konsovsky. Ifilimusotovka iphumelele kwilizwe lakhe, nakumanye amazwe. Ngo-1948 kukho ibali le-schwartz "yokuqala-grader", leyo iye yaba sisiseko sefilimu yegama elifanayo.
Ngo-1953, uStalin uyafa, okwiminyaka yamashumi amathathu akwi-ofisi ka-Allies apapasha imisebenzi ye-schwartz. Enkosi kwimizamo ye-olga bergolts, olu van lususiwe. Ukuqulunqwa kombhali wokuqala kufika ekusasazweni.
Ngo-1956, umbhali ufumana isihloko se-cavalivar ukulandelelana kwesibhengezo esibomvu kwabasebenzi (ngaphambili, i-Schwartz yanikwa iimbasa "zokuzikhusela kwimfazwe yehlabathi"). Kwangelo xesha, wagqiba umsebenzi ngowona mmangaliso "ubalulekileyo". Kunyaka kamva, i-screen version ye "DOD Quixote" Dlala.
Singabonwa kwisiseko semisebenzi ye-Evgeny Schwartz kwi-Moscow kunye ne-Lengerrad imibala yemidlalo yeqonga, kwi-moscow yeqonga lemidlalo yeqonga, kwiithiyetha " "kunye" nethiyetha yasimahla ", eSt. Petersburg Theatter" imvula "kunye ne-Moscow Drama ithiyetha ebizwa emva koKonstantin Stanislavsky. Ukuhlolwa kwemisebenzi yombhali kuhambe ngexesha lokuphila kwakhe nasemva kokufa kwe-SCHWARTZ. Ngo-1989, "iidayari" zombhali zipapashiwe.
Ubomi Buqu
U-Evgeny Lvovich wayetshatile kabini. Umfazi wokuqala waba ngumdlali weqonga uGayane Kholodova (1898-1983). I-Schwartz yaqhelana naye ngexesha lomsebenzi kwi-Rostov "indibano yeqonga lethiyetha." Batshata ngo-1920.
Kunyaka emva koko, esi sibini safudukela ePetrogradd, apho ngo-1929 bazalwa yintombazana yaseNatalia. Kwakuloo nyaka, i-Schwartz iphosa usapho ukuba litshate elinye ibhinqa. EGayane, iba yinto yokwenene.
Umfazi wesibini waseYevny Schwartz uba ngu-Exaterna Ivanovna Obhh (1902-1988). Kunye naye, umbhali uyadibana kwenye yeendlela zokudala zendalo ka-1927, ezilungiselelwe kumhlobo womhlobo e-Ofera. Ukwenzela ukutshata uSuko, uCatherine ushiya usapho.
Nge-Catherine Ivanovna Evageny, i-Lvovich ihlala i-defe, kodwa kuyakuvuyela ukubiza lo mtshato, i-Schwartz malunga nokunemona ngenkosikazi yayo, eyayinefuthe elibi kwimpilo yakhe.
Ukufa
Umbhali kunye nomdlali odlalwayo wasweleka nge-15 kaJanuwari, 1958. Isizathu esisemthethweni sisifo sentliziyo esasiphumo ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo, ekhathaza i-Schwartz kwiminyaka yakutshanje.
Wangcwatywa eLeningrad kumangcwaba e-bogoslav.
I-Bibliography
- Ngo-1924 - "Ibali le-Balalalaika"
- Ngo-1928 - "iphantsi kwe"
- Ngo-1931 - "Intengiso ye-717"
- Ngo-1932 - "Fid"
- Ngo-1934 - "Inkosazana kunye neSvinas"
- Ngo-1934 - "Kumkani Nakwe"
- Ngo-1936 - "kwikhefu"
- Ngo-1938 - "UGqr. Aibolit"
- Ngo-1940 - "isithunzi"
- Ngo-1940 - "I-Tale yeXesha elilahlekileyo"
- Ngo-1943 - "i-dragon"
- Ngo-1947 - "Cinderella"
- Ngo-1956 - "Ummangaliso Oqhelekileyo"
- Ngo-1957 - "don Quixote"