Biography
I-Start yeenkulungwane ze-XX yaphawulwa kuphela ngelo mfazwe inkulu negazi kuyo yonke imbali yobukho bomntu, kodwa nakwiindawo zobuqhawe zabantu. Kwinkumbulo yala maxesha, ngaphandle kweentolotimenti kunye nosizi kunye nababhali beMfazwe yeMfazwe yeMfazwe, ababebonwe ngaphakathi kwinkulungwane yelizwe elitshatyalalisiweyo.Ubuntwana noLutsha
UDavid Samiolov yi-pudulonm yembongi yaseRussia, umguquleli wemvelaphi yamaYuda kaDavid Sammuich Kaufman. UDavid Samuilovich wazalelwa eMoscow, nge-1 kaJuni, 1920. UJelel A-AbraMovich Kaufman, utata David, wayeyi-moscow ye-moscow venereologist. Egameni likaTata, imbongi yembongi - uDavid Samiolov. Imfundo ephezulu kwalo mfana wafumana kwi-Moscow IZiko leNtloko yeFilosofi, uHolo kunye nembali.
Ngo-1939, ukuba ngumfundi wezifundo ezi-2, uDavide wayefuna ukushiya ivolontiya phambi kwemfazwe yaseFinland, kodwa engakwazanga kwenzelwa impilo (eminye imithombo yesanda kwendoda engonwabanga). Kwaye ngo-1941, uDavide wawa phezu kwabasebenzi phambi kweMfazwe yeLizwe enkulu. Imbongi yexesha elizayo yintlanzi kwingingqi ye-Smlelensk, isixeko saseVyazma. Apho impilo yeSamolov yaba mandundu, yathunyelwa umfana lowo emaweni, kwisixeko saseUzbek sixeko saseSammakhawa. E-Uzbekistan, umfana uqhubeke nemfundo kwisebe langokuhlwa lezithili.
Emva koPedigree, uDavide wangena kwisikolo esineentsana esisemkhosini, kodwa akakwazanga ukugqiba. Ngo-1942, umfana weza ngaphambili, kwingingqi yeLeningrad, kwisixeko saseTikvin. Ngokuqesha unyaka omnye, uDavid wafumana ukonzakala kakhulu - isiqwenga semigodi esenza isandla sakhe. Kwenzekile kwiTeknoloji yeCarbusl, ngo-Matshi 23, 1943. UDavid, wayengumxhasi womatshini, waqhekeka kutshaba utshaba kwaye yedwa watshabalalisa iintshaba ezintathu ngomlo wokulwa ngesandla. Ukuze ufumane inkalipho kuhlaselo kunye ne-Samoilov egqibeleleyo yafumana imbasa "ngenkalipho".
Emva konyaka, ngo-Matshi 1944, ijoni elinesibindi labuya nayo kule nkqubo, ngoku kumgca we-Belarusia ngaphambili nakwinqanaba lomlingiswa, apho kusebenza khona imibhalo. NgoNovemba 1944, uSamoi Vamen wafumana enye imbasa - "ukulunga kwezomkhosi". Sele emva kokuphela kwemfazwe, ngoJuni 1945, uSamov wanikwa ibhaso lesithathu-iodolo yenkanyezi ebomvu ngokufaka igosa elingatshatanga laseJamani, onike ulwazi oluxabisekileyo kuSoviet.
Imbongi yadlula kuyo yonke imfazwe, wahlatywa, amabhaso amathathu, ethatha inxaxheba kwiimfazwe zeBerlin - Ewe, imfazwe yashiya impatho emphefumlweni wale ndoda inkulu, eyakhokelela kwimibongo.
Uncwadi
Ukupapashwa kokuqala kwemisebenzi yembongi yenzeka ngo-1941, phantsi kwegama lombhali - uDavid Kaufman, ingqokelela ibizwa ngokuba ngu "manmoti Hunt." Ngexesha lezifundo zaKhe eMythli Samoiolov, eSeriye Viantinovich, Pavlom daydovich Kogan, owayenikezelwe kwi-piemede yesihlanu. Aba babhali kamva baqala ukubiza iimbongi zesizukulwana somkhosi.
Kwiinyanga zokuqala, ngaphambili, wabhala imibongo yakhe kwincwadana, emva koloyiso, uninzi lwabo lwapapashwa kwiimagazini zoncwadi. Ngexesha leMfazwe Yezwe Kakhulu, uSamoilov akazange apapashe imibongo, ngaphandle kombongo ozinikele ku-Adolf Hitler.
Ukongeza, ubomi ngaphambili baphefumlelwe yindoda eselula ngemibongo esebenza ngobomi bejoni ngohlobo lomfanekiso odibeneyo ogama linguFoma Mssseln. Le mibongo yaprintwa kumaphephandaba asekuhlaleni, ekhuthaza, egxininisa ukholo kunye nethemba lokuphumelela kwamanye amajoni. Owona mbongo udumileyo kaDavide Sam Sammilovich, ezinikezelwe kwimfazwe, ibizwa ngokuba "nqamlo, ubulala ...". Inika umxholo ofanelekileyo wemfazwe kunye nengxaki yesizukulwana somkhosi. Kodwa kwangaxeshanye i-Samiolov yomsebenzi ayichaphazeli izihloko zezopolitiko.
Ekupheleni kwemfazwe, imbongi efikelela kwiinguqulelo kwaye yabhala imeko yosasazo lwerediyo. Kwafika ukwamkelwa koncwadi kuSamollov ngo-1970, emva kokukhutshwa kwengqokelela ebizwa ngokuba "ziintsuku". Ukuba, uDavid Samolovich akazange aphile ubomi behlabathi, kodwa wakuvuyela ukunxibelelana noHeinrich Böllel, eBudzhava nabanye abantu ababenemibutho enetalente.
Ngo-1972, kwapapashwa umbongo "iholide zamva nje" yapapashwa, apho amaxesha ngamaxesha ngamandla kunye namazwe kuhambo oluphambili kwiJamani. Ukongeza kwizihloko zasemkhosini kunye nembali, kukho iingoma zomhlaba eSamoilov (umzekelo, umbongo "ekwindla") kunye nemisebenzi yothando (iBeatrice). Uthando lweengoma zembongi luzolile kwaye lubanda, akukho ziphiko kuyo, phawula loluhlobo. Rhoqo, ubuchule beSamoilova xa kuthelekiswa ne-Pushkin: kwingoma ye-David Sammiilovich, iPushkinism ikhoyo ngohlobo lwentsomi yendalo.
Ukongeza kwimibongo yayo, imbongi eguqulelwe imisebenzi ngababhali bamanye amazwe, yabhala imeko ye-theatrical imisebenzi, amazwi engoma yeemovie. Ngaphandle kwezihloko ezibalulekileyo emsebenzini wembongi, wayedla ngokukhankanywa njengababhali bemibongo kwasebuntwaneni. Iincwadi zabantwana bakaSamoilov babhalwa kwiminyaka engama-80 yenkulungwane yamashumi amabini. Imisebenzi yabantwana izele yimbali, uthando lwelizwe kunye nabantu baseRussia.
Ubomi Buqu
Ukubuyela kwigorha lemfazwe, uDavid watshata uOwga Lazarev Sazarev Sazaren ngo-1946. I-olga yayiyimbali ekhethekileyo. I-biography yembongi yase-Samoilov iphantse ayithethi ngobomi bobuqu bukaDavid Sammilovich. Kuyaziwa ukuba emtshatweni iKaufmans yayinomntwana ka-Alexander. UAlexander Kaufman (Alexander Daugungeym's Pseudosm) wahamba emanyathelweni katata, ukuba ngumguquleli kunye neprose.
Nangona kunjalo, kumtshato wokuqala, ubomi bentsapho kaDavide azange zisebenze. Imbongi iphinda yatshata ngokuphindaphindiweyo iGalisi Ivanovna Medidev, emtshatweni awazalelwa kuyo uPetros, Varvara noPaul.
Iimpawu zobuqu zeSamoilova zikhunjulwa kudliwanondlebe nonyana wakhe. UDavid Samuelovich wayeyindoda ethobekileyo, elula kwaye enemvakalelo emangalisayo. Encinci, uDavide wayenegama lesidlaliso phakathi kwabahlobo abasondeleyo. Into eninzi malunga ne-Samoe ithi idayari yakho eyaziphethe imbongi ihlehlise iminyaka engama-28 edlulileyo. Emva kokubhubha kweprosesi kunye nemibongo kwidayari eyapapashiweyo.
Ukufa
Ngo-1974, uSamoilov nosapho lwakhe bashiya uMoscow kwisixeko sasePärrnu (i-Estonia). Intsapho yayihlala ingathengwanga de imbongi ithengwe umgangatho wesibini wendlu. Ngokwabantu ababephila ngexesha, indalo ecocekileyo kunye ne-serenity Pärnu yaxhasa ubomi belungu lembongi iminyaka eliqela.
Nangona uSamoilov engakhange aveze iimbono zopolitiko, abasebenzi beKomiti yeNkcubeko kaRhulumente be-USSR bahlala bejonga ubomi nobuchule bukaSamolov, kodwa oku akuzange kwenzeke imbongi.
UDavid Samuilovich U-Kaufman wayenzakalisa iminyaka yokugqibela yobomi, kodwa ukufa kwakhe kwaba ngezesi ngequbuliso. Imbongi kaFebruwari 23, 1990 ifile, kwiSixeko sasePärru, kwinqanaba lethiyetha, elifihlayo kumzuzwana emva kwendawo ukuba yonke into ilungile.
I-Bibliography
- Ngo-1958 - "amazwe aphakathi"
- Ngo-1961 - "Indlovu yafunda"
- Ngo-1961 - "Imyuziyam yeNdlu"
- Ngo-1962 - "Ukukhanya Kwendlela"
- Ngo-1963 - "Ipasi yesibini"
- Ngo-1970 - "Iintsuku"
- Ngo-1972 - "I-Equinox"
- Ngo-1974 - "Waza kunye nelitye"
- Ngo-1975 - "Ukukhwela Imihla Yethu ..."
- Ngo-1978 - "Umyalezo"
- Ngo-1981 - "Bay"
- 1981 - "Imigca yesandla"
- Ngo-1981 - "Isitrato sokulinganisa"
- Ngo-1983 - "Amaxesha"
- Ngo-1985 - "I-VIISI ZEenduli"
- Ngo-1987 - "Mxelele"
- Ngo-1989 - "Yeza ngesandla"
- Ngo-1989 - "Beatrice"
- Ngo-1990 - "I-Snowway"