Biography
UAlexandra Sokolovskaya wahlulahlula ikamva elingafumanekiyo lehlaselo ezininzi. Emva kwamagxa amagxa obasetyhini ababuthathaka - iintolongo kunye namakhonkco, wasinda, kodwa akazange alale iinkolelo zomthetho. Kungekudala kunye namanqanaba obomi bomfazi kaLeo Trotsky, umbukeli waseRussia uya kuqhelana nefilimu ye-goatk. Umfanekiso, wadalwa kwisikhumbuzo seminyaka engama-100 yenguquko, iya kukhutshwa kwi-"yejelo lokuqala".Ubuntwana noLutsha
UShura wazalwa ngonyaka ka-1872, kwi-Ukraine ngaphandle kwengingqi ye-DNIPREREROPROVSK. Intsapho yeSokovsky yayihlwempuzekile, abazali abafundileyo ngaphezu kwexabiso lezinto ezibonakalayo bebeka isimilo, iinjongo eziphezulu kunye neencwadi. Ukuvuka kwabantwana abathandathu - uAlexander, i-Iyo, uMaria, u-Olga no-Emkhuluil, - uTata wazama ukuba nomnqweno wokukhonza abantu. Wonke umntu osebutsheni wakhe wajoyina indlela eyahlukileyo yotshintsho.
UAlexandra uphumelele kwizifundo ezibunjiweyo kwi-odessa. Ngexesha lezifundo zakhe, waqhelana notshintsho kwaye ekugqibeleni wagqiba kwelona nkwenkwezi yobomi - waba nguMarxism.
Uhlaziyo
Ngentwasahlobo ye-1896 eNikolaev, apho uAlexandra wazinza kwakudala, kwasekwa isangqa senguquko. Ukusebenza abantu abancinci kunye nabafundi baqokelelana phantsi kweSeni ye-Franz Schwig Comed Imithi yeGadi, iCzech Union. Inani lesangqa likhule njengekhephu le-nikolaev izityalo ezininzi zeNikolaev - amawaka abantu abasebenza kumashishini. Kunyaka, okokuqala kwisixeko sentlangano yedemokhrasi ye-United 250 namakhwenkwe, baquka uAlexander nabantakwabo bobabini.
Ababhali beMugi baqala ukubizwa ngengqondo yabo abantu babo, kamva bancamathisela igama lokulahleka - "umsebenzi wase-Russia we-Russian". Ukugcinwa kwelinye lamakhomba anikezelweyo uShravskaya, le ntombazana ibonakalise ukuchaneka kwezenzululwazi.
I-Marxist eqinisekisiweyo ngobuso be-sistine madonna ihlaselwa yindoda: Ababhali-mbali bathi uninzi lwamalungu eMug babethandana nothando kaShura. Nangona kunjalo, uAlexander wanyulwa sisiphakamiso seNgxowa-mali yenguqu ye-bronstein ye-bronstein - i-trotsky yexesha elizayo. Kungekudala loo nto uLeva waba yinkokeli yombutho, kwaye esi sixeko sasilahliwe sisibhengezo kunye namagqabi.
Amaza okubanjwa kwe-nikolaev ngoJanuwari 1898. I-Mass Portons yachukunyiswa ngabantu abangaphezu kwama-200, uAlexander Sokolovskaya kunye ne-lvm trotsky bebesentolongweni. Esi sibini safumana iminyaka emine yokubhekiswa kwimpuma yeSiberia.
Ukuthinjwa, ewe, ayitshintshanga izimvo zontlalontle oqinisekileyo. Ukubuyela eNikolaev, uAlexander waqhubeka nemisebenzi ye-propatanda, nangona wayephantsi kolawulo olukhethekileyo lwabasemagunyeni. Ihambelana namaqabane kwiimbono zezopolitiko kunye nomyeni, obandise phesheya. Ngo-1906, waphinda wavalelwa entolongweni, ukusuka apho lo mfazi wabethwa khona kwiphondo le-Olonets. Nangona kunjalo, ukwazile ukubaleka.
UAlexander LVVEVN ocebise i-biegraphy ye-biography yokuthatha inxaxheba kwizehlo zotshintsho eNikolaev, kwaye emva kokubhukuqa kokugqibela kwamandla obukumkani afudukele ePetrograd. Kwisixeko kwi-Neva, eli bhinqa lenzeka ngendlela elinogonyamelo - waba ngumnye wabasunguli base-St. Petersburg Komsomol kwaye wakhwela iphephandaba laseKomsomol.
USokolovskaya wafundisa imbali ezikolweni kwaye wade wanikela ngenxalenye yokufunda ePetsul. Sebenza kwi-Norkor yemfundo kufutshane nenguqu ngethemba leKraskaya. Nangona kunjalo, uAlexander LVVINNNYA wezakwimiqolo enzulu yamaTrotskyists, ehambelana nomyeni wakhe kunye namaqabane akhe kwaye abanjwa ngalo naluphi na usuku. Kwenzeka ntoni ngo-1934.
Ubomi Buqu
Indawo yogcino lweNikolaev igcinwe uxwebhu olufuna ngomvuzo - ileta yesikhalazo ibhekiswe kwirhuluneli ye-Irkutsk. Abazali beengonyama i-Trotsky bacelwe ukuba bangamthumeli unyana kwikhonkco kunye noSolovskiy - inenekazi elikhulu, lingaphezulu kwendlalifa iminyaka emithandathu. Njengokuba le ntombazana yangena phantsi komntwana ngendlela elungileyo kwaye ifuna ukutshata ukuba isondele ekuthinjweni kwaye iphakamise ukufa ngokupheleleyo kokuziphatha. Iibhrithi ziqinisekile ukuba uNyana ngaphandle kwentombazana yaseKokovkaya uya kulungisa ngokukhawuleza kwaye abe luluntu oluluncedo.
Ileta yeza nokulibaziseka - kwiMetropolitan yaya phambili, esi sibini sadityaniswa nomtshato, kwaye uAlexander Lvovna walandela amalungelo eqabane lakhe ngokudibeneyo nomyeni wakhe. I-Sokovsaya de kube ngoku kuya kuhlala umfazi wase-Leo Trotsky, nangona inguquko eFrance iya kudibana ne-Natalia Sedov, eya kuthi ibize iqabane lesibini.
Ubomi bobuqu baseAlexandra Solovskaya bekukho ubuhlungu, ngenxa yokuba eli bhinqa lazisa ukuxhobisa iingcinga zentlalontle. Ikhonkco elizalwe iintombi ezimbini - uZina noNina. Iminyaka emine emva kokuzalwa kweZinaida, ngenkxaso ye-trotsky yeqabane lakhe ebaleka kwilizwe lakhe lokuzalwa ukuya eLondon. Kwi-autobiografi "ubomi bam" lejemovich wabhala:
"Ubomi abakwiimeko zaseSiberia zazingeyondlela. Ukubaleka kwam kwakufuneka ndimisele umthwalo ophindwe kabini kuAlexander Lupvna. Kodwa wabela lo mbuzo ngegama elinye: kuyimfuneko. Ityala eliguquko ligubungele zonke ezinye izinto eziqwalaseleyo, kwaye luqala kubo bonke. Emva koko safumana isiqendu. Ubomi basikhupha, ukugcina imbonakalo kunye nobuhlobo ngokungafanelekanga. "Kwixa elizayo, uAlexander wayelinde elinye ikhonkco. Amantombazana akhulisa abazali bakhe, ekugqibeleni badibana nonina ngo-1917. Ukuhlala ePetrugradinid, ngamanye amaxesha kubonwa noyise wabuyela kwilizwe lakhe. Kwiifoto zosapho ezigciniweyo ecaleni kwe-rotsky, intombi enkulu iZina ihlala ibeka.
Iintombi zahamba emanyathelweni zabazali, imisebenzi edityanisiweyo. Kwaye abayeni babonyulwa baba. UNina watshata nenkcaso yasekhohlo uMana Newmon, wazala abantwana ababini, kodwa ngo-1928 wafa ngenxa ye-chagtotop, engazange alinde iqabane lakhe kwisalathiso. I-Toddler ithathe umakhulu ngokukhulisa.
Umyeni wentombazana endala i-Pertoveves ikwachasa. Abantwana ababini bazalwa emtshatweni. I-Zina yatyelela i-Asfall kabini, le ntombazana ayifani kwimpilo yegorha, ihlala igula, ide yashukumisa imisebenzi kwimiphunga. Ngo-1931, uZinaida, ethatha unyana omncinci, kwaye eshiya intombi yakhe kwinkathalo kanogoshe, waya kunyango lukatata wakhe, eJamani.
Kunyaka kamva, uJoseph Stalin wawathintela amalungu osapho lwabemi boRotsky baseTrotsky baseTrotsky. I-psyche ye-zina ayikwazanga ukuma-umfazi wazibulala, wavula igesi.
Ukufa
Emva kokubhekisa eKolyma Alexander Sokolovskaya ngenqanaba eMoscow, apho kwakulindelwe ukuba acombulule iNkundla ePhakamileyo ye-USSR yeNkundla ePhakamileyo. Ngo-Epreli 29, 1938, kwaxelwa isigwebo malunga nesona sohlwayo siphezulu, la manyala adubula.