Biography
Inqanawa yaseRussia yayingazi owona mntu woloyisayo ngakumbi kune-ferpov. Ngaphantsi komyalelo wobuchule abanetalente, i-rivea yoyiswa kwaye iFrench igxothiwe kwiMeditera. Kumsebenzi wonke, izithuthi azizange zoyise kwaye zingaphulukani nayiphi na inqanawa.Ubuntwana noLutsha
I-Fed Pedovich Ushakov yazalwa nge-13 kaFebruwari, 1745 kwilali yaseSuthaxweco (ngoku i-rybinsky yesithili sommandla weYaroslavl). Utata we-Federn Ignatievievich esebenzela njenge-sergeant yobomi bangaphambili, de wafumana umvuzo, kunye nonina ka-Parashen Nikitichna babandakanyeka kwikhaya lomtshato wasekhaya.
Umalume wakhe uFeodor Sanaksky kunye nendoda endala, eyakhonza kwiFerovsky Fleet, yazibandakanya ekukhuliseni i-admiral yexesha elizayo. I-Ushakov yase-UShakov ebuntwaneni iphupha malunga nolwandle, njengoko umhlaba wonwabe wabonakala kuye.
Ngamaqhinga okuyiminyaka emininzi ethulwa elwandle kunye namanzi, kwakungekho zifundo zakhe, kunokusika iinqanawa zokudlala emthini. Bebonke, amanye amalali ayehlala egcinwe endlwini esiya e-Eshakov ukuze avume ukudalwa kwe-onleleloman enetalente.
Nje ukuba umzingeli wasekhaya waphakamisa uFyodor ukuba aye eTyokuya naye, nenkwenkwe, othe wadibana naye okwesibini, ukuba uthe wadibana naye emanzini.
Kwiminyaka eli-16 ubudala, abazali bazisa i-chojo ishushu eshushu kwi-St. Petersburg. Kumanyango omantla, umfana owomeleleyo welali ungene kwiCadet Corps. Kufanelekile ukuphawula ukuba ngelo xesha, uninzi lweenkosana ezivela kwiintsapho ezihlelelekileyo kwinqanawa, ubukhulu becala bafundela abantwana be-Odnodvatvous.
I-Ushakov yaqulunqwa yenzululwazi, phambi kobusuku, inqabile malunga ne-AIDS, yaye ngo-1766, emva kweminyaka emihlanu yokufunda, yagqiba izidumbu, ifumene i-chin michman. I-Admiral yexesha elizayo ekuqaleni komsebenzi wakhe yayikuqubha kuLwandle lweBaltic, kwaye ngeMfazwe yaseTurkey yaseRussia, igosa elinetalente latshintshelwa kwi-Azov Flotilla, apho yanikwa khona.
Inkonzo yezelizwe
Ukuqala kwemfazwe, i-Fleet engabonakaliyo ifumana ithuba lokuqala lokwahlula kwaye ayisebenzise. Ke, ukuwisa inqanawa yeshumi elinesithandathu seenduli, abasebenzi bakhe babonisa ngempumelelo uhlaselo lweTurks, umhlaba obenziwe eBhalaclava, emva koko akukho mntu wayethandabuza izisombululo zayo.
Kuyaziwa ukuba igosa elincinci lalikholose ukuba liguqulele kwiinkundla zomkhosi zaselwandle zaselwandle zaselwandle ezifudukele phantsi kwezorhwebo. Kananjalo uFeder wahambisa i-St. chidsburg i-Sttersburg Spyard, ukungena kwiipateni ezinqabileyo ngenxa yeekhontraktha zezandla.
Emva koko, u-UShakov wamiselwa ngumphathi we-Imperial yacht. Nangona kunjalo, ukusondela kumntu wase-Imperi akazange atsale igosa lolwandle elinamabhongo, kwaye uFyodor afezekisa ukudluliselwa kwenqanawa yomgca, awayehamba rhoqo njengenxalenye ye-squadron ulwandle. Emva kwexesha, iinqanawa zilungelelanise ukwakhiwa kwesiseko sezithuthi zolwandle ezimnyama eSevastopol.
Kungekudala umphathi wenqanaba lokuqala laseUSHAKKOV ufumana ukuqeshwa ngenqanawa ngumphathi-mkhosi, osele eqalile ukwakha kwi-Kherson Skreaserd. Oomatiloshe babengenalo ixesha lokusebenza (ngelo xesha bathatha inxaxheba ekwakheni inqanawa kwinqanawa kunye nabakhweli), njengoko isibetho se-pidemic saqhekeka e-Kherson.
U-Ushakov weza neqela lakhe lesixeko. Apho oomatiloshe bakha i-Rs, i-Lit bonire ukusuka kuwo onke amacala kwaye ngeenjongo zokuthintela baqala ukuphelisa iviniga kunye namayeza aqhekezayo. Enkosi ngokusebenza kukaFeder Fedorovich, akukho namnye wamalungu abasebenzi abosulelwe sisifo esibulalayo. Ngenxa yoko, ukwakhiwa kwenqanawa kwakusagqitywa.
Ukubuyela kwakhe kwiLizwe, uMaduli wanikwa i-odolo leSt. Vladimir. Kufanelekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba u-Ushakov wagwetywa ukuba akafanelekanga ukuba angabi nampumelelo emkhosini, kodwa ngenxa yexesha elibonisiweyo kunye nobuchule.
Emva koko ubungakanani bendlela yokumisela umsebenzi omtsha - ngayo yonke indlela yokwenza oomatiloshe benqanawa yakhe kwelona qela linamava le-Russia leRussia. I-Ushakov iphuhlise indlela eyahlukileyo yoqeqesho: isixhobo esifakwe kwisixhobo sokutshintsha, kwaye amalungu abasebenzi babefuna ukungena kwinqanawa, bamiselwe kwinqanawa kufutshane nenqanawa.
Ngenxa yezi zifundo, u-UShakov wafumana impumelelo yokuba oomatiloshe bakhe babuthande ubugcisa bokuqhuba umlilo omkhulu. Kumsitho wokubonakala komsebenzi omtsha onamandla okukhuphisana nobukumkani be-Ottoman ngenxa yamandla abamnyama kunye ne-meditera-I-I-I-I-I-I-I-I-I-II.
Abantu bexesha elidlulileyo kwinkulungwane yeTekinoloji ephezulu abaziqondi indlela ekunzima ngayo ukuhamba ulwandle ngelo xesha. Ke kaloku oomatiloshe balawule inqanawa, bengayishiyi ikhosi echaziweyo, bathathele ingqalelo kumandla nolwalathiso lomoya, kwaye bajonga kwikhosi. Ngexesha leemfazwe ze-USHKOV, akalandeli inani lemipu, kodwa ikwalawula isenzo selungu ngalinye labasebenzi.
Kufanelekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba uFydor Fedorovich kuqala waphula yonke imithetho yokulwa ulwandle. Kwakukho ikhowudi engekho mthethweni yedabi, eyathi ngaphambi komlo, iqela eliphikisayo kufuneka liye kwelinye kumgama we-pistol idutyulwe, ihlale phantsi kwaye iphinde ihlasele.
U-Ushakov wathi yayilixesha elingenangqondo, lokuchitha elingacacacanga kwaye ugxininiso kufuneka lwenziwe kwinqanawa ephambili, okokuqala xa utshabalalisa. Eli qhinga lanceda uFydor Fedorovich ukuphumelela idabi kunye ne-Ottoman Fleet. Emva koko i-admiral yendawo ephezulu yotshaba ichaze isicwangciso esitsha - kwaye yayingeyongxaki. I-Russian Fleet, isebenze ngokuya eHamba, kwigumbi lokuthengisa iinqanawa ezinkulu zaseTurks, ababengakulungelanga.
Iintshaba kwi-pasic zaqala ukuphakamisa ii-ankile kunye neentambo ze-chop. Ke, ukutshabalalisa umyalelo wotshaba, izithuthi zika-Ashakov enye nganye nganye yaphula yonke i-Turkish squadron.
Emva kolu loyiso, jikelele - intsimi ye-marshal, iPrince Grigun yaba yiNgcali yePUPROL ye-Admiral edumileyo kwaye kwi-empress edumileyo idubule i-protégé ye-protégé. Kwi-1790th Potemin, ngemvume kaCatherine II, egunyaziswe i-USHkov yoBunkokelo boLwandle baLwandle, noFyood Fedorovich, uPaul Pendorovich, uPaul ", waya nezithuthi elunxwemeni lwaseTurkey. Watshabalalisa khona isono, watshabalalisa iinqanawa zotshaba ezingama-26, waza ke wabonakalisa uhlaselo lwee-turks kwiKerks Strait.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuba iintshaba ezoyiswayo zazidla ngokubuza u-Eshakov ngenceba, ukuthumela iPROSA kunye nokunika imali. I-admiral yomntu ayizange ibonakale, kodwa iinqanawa zotshaba azizange zibene gem.
Umphathi uqonda ukuba isiphelo sehlabathi sinokwenzeka kuphela emva kokuba zonke iinqanawa zaseTurkey ziya kwaphulwa. Idabi elalifikile igama lakhe lingafiyo, lenzeka nge-31 kaJulayi, 1791, kuLwandle oluMnyama, eKapa Kaliakra (iBulgaria yaseBulgaria). Emva koko umphathi-mkhosi wenkosikazi wathi uza kuhamba u-Ashakov, ngaphandle kokuqikelela ukuba yonke inqanawa yakhe iza kuwa.
I-Ottomans yayilinde iinqanawa zaseRussia kufutshane nonxweme, ezazifakwe ibhetri. UFedr Fedorovich, odumileyo ngenxa yokuba ngaphambi kokuba idabi lidla ngokufumana ubukrelekrele, lwazi malunga nendawo yotshaba kunye nofakelo. Ngenxa yoko, wahamba ejikeleze iTurk, edlula phakathi konxweme neenqanawa zabo, wambamba umoya odlulayo waza woyisa umkhweli wotshaba.
Isivumelwano soxolo sigqityiwe ngeTurkey, wakukhusela wonke ummandla wolwandle olumnyama waseRussia, kuquka ne-crinta. Ngelixa uAlexander Suvov waphumelela uloyiso emhlabeni, u-Ungukov waphinda waxoxwa kwihlabathi eliseRussia yinkosikazi epheleleyo yolwandle.
Ngo-Agasti we-1798, uPawulos ndathumela i-quadron emnyama ye-Ushakov kwi-Ishkov ye-Ionian Islands (i-French yalawulwa elunxwemeni) ukuze akhusele iRussia kwiMeditera. Ngeli xesha ecaleni kweFedor Fedorovich yayiyimbangi yakutshanje-ubukhosi be-Ottoman.
Kuyinyani, eli xesha i-Admiral ibonakalise ubuchule obuqinisekileyo. Ngokwembali, u-Ushakov watshintshela kwiintombi zakhe, kwaye xa ama-French wabona amanenekazi ahlala elunxwemeni ngemipu, baphakamisa iflegi emhlophe . Okona kusondela, amajoni aqondani ukuba bakhohlisiwe.
Emva koko emva kokubanjwa kwenqaba ye-Corfu (ejongene nomnye ngosuku olunye), emva kokukhutshwa kweziqithi ze-IIIC zagqitywa kubukho baseFrance. Kule phulo, uFyodor Fedorovich wakhiwa kwinqanaba le-admiral, kunye ne-Turkish Sultan yazisa i-soltime yendlela ye-sobatu kunye nentsiba yedayimani.
Umsunguli wenqanawa yaseRussia yi-Peter i, kodwa emva kokusweleka komthetho, umsebenzi wobomi bakhe bonke wayengalunganga olona xesha luphambili, kwaye xa iYurophu yaphelisa amandla kunye nokubaluleka kwe umkhosi wamanzi. Kuqhubeka de kwada kwaza kwada kwangasemva kwevili lezithuthi, ezazisa uloyiso oluya kwilizwe lakhe.
Ubomi Buqu
Ubomi bobuqu be-flotomdka yayingaphumelelanga njengomsebenzi wakhe. Kuyaziwa ukuba uFyocor Fedorovich akatshatanga kwaye engenabo abantwana. 'Izinikezelwe kwinkonzo kaTatand kwaye zange zazisola.Ukufa
Indawo yokugqibela yoMhlaba woMhlaba wase-UShakov yaba yidolophu ethuleyo ye-Alekseyeye kwiSithili se-Tenovsky, kufutshane ne-Sanaks-iintombi ze-Sanaks. Kuyaziwa ukuba ngexesha leMfazwe ye-1812, uFyodor Fedorovich wayeyintloko yelizwe elinyulwe intlangano ye-TAMBOV, kodwa ngenxa yokugula, wasiyeka ukuthandaza.
I-FlotoDetts zasweleka nge-2 ka-Okthobha, kwilifa lakhe, kwilali yase-Alekseeevka. I-Oveni iQowulwe iLinga loMsindisi loTransferfemiguesi temnikov. Xa ibhokisi yomzimba oswelekileyo, yambeka esixekweni, wayefuna ukuyibeka etyani, kodwa abantu baqhubeka beyithwala kwi-sanakid bahlala kuyo, apho wangcwatywa khona i-admil.
Ngo-1953, uMlawuli weMikhail Romm wasusa iifilimu "ze-USHAKKOV" kwaye "inqanawa", esekwe kwicebo lobuchule betalente.
I-canonis
Emva kovukelo lwe-1917, i-hinaky yendlu yeoyile yavalwa, kwaye i-chapel, yakhiwa phezu kwengcwaba labavukeli, latshabalaliswa.
UJoseph Vissarionovich Stalin wamisela i-odolo ye-eUSHAKOV ngo-1943, kodwa umfanekiso kaFeder Fedorovich wayefuna ukuwenza i-Insorovich. Akukho namnye kwiigrapheri kunye namagcisa ayazi indlela yokuthembeka ngokuxhomekeka kwi-Admiral, kwaye, njengoko usazi, ukusetyenziswa komfanekiso ochanekileyo kwimeko yesimboli yombuso akusamkelekanga.
Ke ngoko, ngo-1944, kuhambo lwelizwe kwizindlu zeSanaks laliqhutywa, apho kwafunyanwa khona uAdmiral. Emva koko, imbonakalo yekayiyi yabuyiselwa yimbonakalo ka-USshakov, kunye nengcwaba lodumo oludumileyo, kunye namasango e-monastery hattery, bathathwa phantsi koKhuseleko lukaRhulumente.
Ngo-Agasti ka-2001, iCawa ye-Orthodox yaseRussia yamisa i-theodore ushakov ukuya kwinqanaba labangcwele. Ngoku ii-icons ezibonisa ukuba iinqwelo ezinentiweyo zigcinwa kwiitempile kunye neemonimaties.
Imemori
- Igama loboya libizwa ngokuba yi-Bay kwi-Southermating Treen Extere Lord kunye neKapa kunxweme olusemantla lolwandle lwe-Okthotsk
- EseTenov, kukho imyuziyam yembali egama lingu-Ushakov
- EMoscow, kukho u-Adming Weshakov Boulevard kunye nesikhululo seMetro segama elifanayo
- Kwi-St. Petersburg, igama lika-Admiral i-UShakov lithiwa i-Embankments kunye nebhulorho, isikhumbuzo simiselwa
- Ngo-Oktobha 2002, eGrisi, isikhumbuzo sika-Admiral Fedoral ushakov sasungulwa kwiSiqithi seCorfu
- EKerch ngo-Epreli 11, 2009, ilitye lesikhumbuzo lokufakelwa ngu-Admiral wafakwa ngomhla wenkululeko yesixeko ukusuka kwi-Bladcist yaseJamani
- E Kananelerrad, iziko le-Naval ligama lingu-Admiral
- Ngo-2015, ilitye lesikhumbuzo ukuya ku-F. F. U-Ushakov wavulwa eTambov, ekungeneni kwendawo yeSoviet kunye neLermontovskaya
- Kwisixeko saseRybinsk, kwindawo ekufutshane ne-admilal ye-admil, ifakwe i-zungu yayo. Epreli 29, 2016 igama lakhe lafumana iBoulevard. Imyuziyam iyavulwa.