Biography
Imbongi, ummeli oqaqambileyo wesimboli yaseRussia, umgxeki, umgxeki obhaliweyo kunye nesithandi-sobulumko u-Andrei White-unyana wexesha elimangalisayo. Andaziwe-owaziwayo Umbhali unomdla ekuyingenisweni nasekufunyeni, kwiinkalo ezininzi ezigqibe ukubonakala koncwadi lokuqala kwenkulungwane yamashumi amabini.
Ukubona uhlobo oluthile lokwahlula kwihlabathi liphela, umbhali kunye nesithandi-sobulumko basigqibile ukuba umthombo wothuswa lwezentlalo lusengqungqwa kwezinto ezimbini zengqondo - entshona nentshona. I-connoissers yomsebenzi wakhe iqinisekile ukuba u-Andrei White olona lubalaseleyo lwabantu abadala otyhila i-phenomeno enzima kakhulu njengendawo yokutshintsha.
Ubuntwana noLutsha
Inkwenkwezi yexesha elizayo yeSilute yazalelwa ekwindla emva kwe-1880 kwikomkhulu, kwindlu ekrelekrele yeeMuscovtes. I-Boris Bugaev i-ros kwaye ikhuliswe kwimozulu yezinto ezimbini ezichasayo --athiather kunye nomculo, owalandela kamva ichaphazele imibongo yakhe.
Umama - Alexander Egorova - wazisa unyana womculo kwaye yazisa uthando ngemisebenzi ye-invorus yaseRussia naseYurophu. Utata-IMathematical Adument, yasebenza njengeYunivesithi yaseDean Moscow. UNikolay Bugaev wayelindele imibono emininzi ye "Cosmists" kunye ne-Konstantin Tsiolkovsky, isungule iSikolo seMathematics.
Ngo-1891, uBori Bugaev waba ngumfundi we-Gymnasium yabucala L. I. POLEDVAVA, apho wafunda khona de kube ngu-1899. Kwindawo yokuzivocavoca, i-Bugaev Jr. Yiba nomdla kwinkolo yamaBuddhist nakwimfihlakalo yobugqi. Ukusuka kubabhali kunye nezithandi-zobulumko, umdla wakhe utsala umsebenzi weFyodor Dostoevsky, Henrika Ibsen kunye ne-Friedrich Nietzsche. Imibongo yeBalmont yayimibongo yemibongo yolutsha, i-valery brysov kunye ne-dmiry merezykovsky.
Kwiindonga zemithambo yendawo yokuzivocavoca kwi-prechischinclika, uphawu lwePoeet lwe-poeet lwenze abahlobo kunye neSergey Solovyov. I-Andreias "Andrei White" yabuya ngotata uSergey: Ikhaya laseSolovyov laba likhaya lesibini lombhali. UMzalwan 'uSergey -Filosopher Vladimir Soloviev - waphembelela ukwenziwa kweWorldw Andrei Mhlophe.
Emva kokuphela kwe-Poivivan Gymnasium, uAndrei White waba ngumfundi weyunivesithi yaseMoscow, apho wafundisa khona uYise. I-Nikolay Bugaev yanyanzelisa unyana ukuba akhethe i-facusy ye-wintsim kunye nemathematics. Emva kokuphela kwakhe, i-White ngo-1904 yayingumfundi wase-Afrika kwaye yaqala ukufunda imbali kunye nefilogy, kodwa emva kweminyaka emi-2 wayishiya eyunivesithi yaseYurophu.
Uncwadi
Ngo-1901, u-Andrei White-Pived Fight-upapasha umsebenzi wokuqala. "Symphony (2nd, rasmatic)" wabonakalisa i-contmatic) Ebutsheni beminyaka yee-1900s, ukukhanya kwakufumana "i-symphony ye-1, i-heroic)", "Buyisa" kunye "neNdebe yeFlash". Ezi zibhalo zezingongo ziyinto entle yokutyibilika kwamagama kunye nomculo, ibizwa ngokuba sisiHlomelo seShythmic.
Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-19, uAndrea umhlophe wadibana neesimboli ze-moscow, ezazidityaniswe nendlu ngendlu yokupapasha "Gryp" kunye "ne-SCrypio". Ke i-moskvich yeza phantsi kwempembelelo yeembongi ze-St. Petersburg Merezhkovsky kunye neZinaida Hippius, abapapashi bephephancwadi "indlela entsha" ngokubhala amanqaku aliqela amandlobongela.
Ekuqaleni kuka-1903, uAndrei White walala ne-Alexander Blok: Ababhali babhalisa kwakhona. Umntu oqhelene naye owukhule waba ngummangaliso okanye ubuhlobo, nokuba intiyo yenzekile kunyaka olandelayo. Kwakuloo nyaka, imbongi ye-met yayingabantu abanengqondo efanayo baququzelela isangqa "se-gogogout". Ngo-1904, ingqokelela yokuqala yemibongo "igolide kuLazuuri" yapapashwa, eyayiquka imbongo "yelanga".
Ekuqaleni kuka-1905, u-Andrei White wafika eMerezhkovsky noHippius kwi-St. Petersburg kwaye babona iziganeko zokuqala zokuqala ezaziphathelele ngenzondelelo, kodwa zahlala zisenzeka kwinto eyenzekayo. Ukuphela kwekwindla kunye nokuqala kombhali we-1906 umbhali wayehlala eMunich, emva koko wafudukela eParis, apho wayehlala khona de kwangowe-1907. Ngo-1907, uAndrei White wabuyela eMoscow, apho wayesebenza khona kwimagazini "isikali" kwaye sisebenzisana nopapasho "ngoboya lwegolide".
Ekupheleni kweshumi leminyaka leminyaka le-1900s, ababhali babonise ukuqokelelwa kwemibongo "yothuthu" kunye "no" unle ". Umbongo wokuqala ngumbongo "RUS". Le minyaka ilishumi izayo iphawulwe ngokukhutshelwa kwe-noovels "ye-pigen yesilivere" kunye "ne-petersburg".
Ngo-Oktobha 1916, i-boography yedrafti ye-Andrei Mhlophe yatyetyiswa nenoveli entsha "i-titty flyev". Umbhali waqonda imfazwe yehlabathi yokuqala, njengoko intlekele yaseRussia. Ehlotyeni lonyaka omnye, umbhali ufuna ukuya emkhosini, kodwa ngoSeptemba banika ukulibaziseka. U-Andrey White wayehlala kumadlelo, emva koko kwilali yaseRoyal Partrugrad.
Kwinguqu ngoFebruwari, i-White Show Usindiso, idibanisa umbono wento eyenzekayo kumbongo othi "U-Kristu" kunye nokuqokelelwa kwenkwenkwezi ". Emva kokuphela kwenguquko, u-Andrei mhlophe eSoviet. Wayengumhlohli kunye notitshala, iiklasi ze-LED enababhali be-novice "kwi-Righ", baba ngumshicileli wejenali ".
Ukuphoxeka kwezenzo zikarhulumente omtsha ezityumkile u-Andrei White ukufuduka. Ngo-1921, umbhali kunye nesithandi-sobulumko waya eBerlin, apho wayehlala khona kwaye asebenze kangangeminyaka emi-3. Ekupheleni kuka-1923, i-White yabuyela kwilizwe lakhe kwaye yahlala eRashiya kude kube yindawo yakutshanje.
I-Prosais yabhala i-noovels "i-moskovsky chudak", "moscow phantsi komoya" kunye "neeMaski", imaski ", inoveli malunga ne-versions" ipapashwe ngeposi). Ukunxibelelana neGunya le-Andrei Mhlophe akuzange kube sekwe de kube sekupheleni kobomi, ngenxa yalowo umsebenzi wommeli oqaqambileyo kunye nenkulungwane "yavavanywa kuphela ekupheleni kwenkulungwane yamashumi amabini.
Ubomi Buqu
I-Andrei Shirt's Tarieles ngoonxantathu beembongi ze-valery brry bryov kunye ne-alexander Blok kunye nabafazi babo babonakaliswa kubuchule. I-bruces ichaze uthando olumhlophe kunye nenkosikazi yakhe uNina Petrovskaya "kwi-Angela". Ngo-1905, iPetrovskaya yadubula i-lover, waza wangcwaliswa kuye.
Ulwalamano oluhlungu kunye nenkosikazi yebhloko - uthando lwe-mendeleevoy-ephefumlelwe kwaye i-Andrei imhlophe ukwenza inoveli "petersburg". Abathandi bahlangabezana nendlu esuswayo, kodwa ekugqibeleni, uMendweleev wakhetha umyeni wakhe, eyabhengezwa ngemhlophe, efuna ukuba angangeni ekhayeni labo. Ukuphelelwa lithemba kutyhalela imbongi ukuya kwelinye ilizwe.
Ukubuya eYurophu ukuya eRussia ngentwasahlobo ye-1909, uAndrei Mhlophe wadibana no-Anna Turgeneva, umtshana weeklasikisi. Ngobusika beminyaka yee-1910, intanda ihamba nombhali. Isibini esijikeleze iMantla e-Afrika kunye neMbindi Mpuma. Ngentwasahlobo yowe-1914, eBern, mhlophe neTurgenev yatshata, kodwa emva kweminyaka emi-2 umbhali ubuyela kwilizwe lakhe. Emva kweminyaka emi-5 weza eJamani waya kwinkosikazi yakhe, kodwa ubudlelwane bomile. Balandela uqhawulo-mtshato.
Ukuwa kuka-1923, uAndreyi White wadibana nomntu obhinqileyo awayephila naye ubomi bakhe bonke. UClaudia vasilyeva, okanye ilifu, njengelifu elifunwa yi-Andrei emhlophe, ngehlobo lowe-1931, waphendula ngesindululo kwisicelo sesandla sakhe nentliziyo.
Ukufa
U-Andrei White wasweleka ezandleni zikangukumkani ngoJanuwari 8, 1934 ukusuka ekukhubazekeni kwephecana lokuphefumla. Ndingcwatywe imbongi kwi-moscow novodevichy yamangcwaba. UClaudia Vasneva wavavanya umsebenzi wophawu oludumileyo, ebhala malunga nencwadi yenkumbulo.Imemori
Inani labaphengululi abagunyazisiweyo kunye nabagxeki boncwadi bayaqinisekisa ukuba ngaphandle kokufunda iLifa lokuyila lase-Andrei Mhlophe umntu akanakuyixabisa i-chanomenon ye-xesthetic ye-Xix - i-XX yeenkulungwane zakudala. Ke ngoko, abantu bexesha eliphakathi abanomdla kwimibongo yaseRussia, ngokuqinisekileyo baqhelene nobuchule be-theotics yesokofu kunye ne-anthhroposofofor.
Ithemba leLizwe "leLizwe", "iLizwe", "liphelelwe festile yeWagon" kunye "nokucamngca" zezona zinto zibalulekileyo ze-poetry ". Bahlala becaphula abantu ababephila ngexesha, ababethetha ngovavanyo lweembongi.
Ukuya kuthi ga kwiminyaka engama-26 u-Andrei White ehlala endlwini kwi-Arbat. Kwigumbi apho i-themotics yezinto ezifuzekeyo zadlula i-theotics, emva kokuba ifile emyumyuzi. Kwindlu yeBugaev yayiyingonyama i-telstoy.
I-Bibliography
Iinoveli
- "Isilivere ijuba. I-Tale kwi-7 izahluko "
- Iperesburg
- "I-kitty fluev"
- "Epiphany Chinese"
- "I-Moscow Chudak"
- "Moscow phantsi kwefles"
- "Imaski. Inoveli "
Imibongo
- "Igolide eLazuri"
- "Ash. Imibongo "
- "I-Urn. Umbongo "
- "U-Kristu uvukile. Umbongo "
- "Umhla wokuqala. Umbongo "
- "Inkwenkwezi. Imibongo emitsha "
- "Ubukumkani kunye ne-knights. Amabali entsomi amnandi"
- "Inkwenkwezi. Imibongo emitsha "
- "Emva kokwahluka"
- "Glossassolia. Umbongo malunga nesandi "
- "Imibongo malunga neRussia"