Biography
Georges charles dantes, fanny kaplan, uMark Chepman, Lee Harvey Oswald-Ukungena kwimbali yehlabathi, aba bantu bafuna kuphela ukubulala omnye umntu - edume ngakumbi. USpaniard Khaima Ramon Merciider Del Rio akazange ayiqwebele ibhayisekile kwaye ahambe ngendlela efanayo.Ubuntwana noLutsha
URamon wazalelwa kwiSixeko saseSpain saseBarcelona, kwintsapho yaseCatalau MeorImer, umninimzi wefektri kunye nololiwe wayenobuqhetseba, kwaye umfazi wakhe uCubad Del Rio. Lo msitho wenzeka nge-7 kaFebruwari, ngo-1913. Kwiminyaka emihlanu kamva, omnye umntwana wavela kwintsapho - intombi kaMariya, eyathi kamva yaba ngumdlali nenkosikazi kaMlawuli we-vittoriiki Do Sika.
Kangangexesha elide, usapho lwaluhlala kwikomkhulu laseFransi, nangona kunjalo, emva kokuqhawula umtshato iRamon noPau ngo-1925, iRamon, kunye noMarcelona, apho waqhubeka nezifundo zakhe. Kwiminyaka yobudala, uMerctorhode oselula wayelilungu lokukhokelwa kwe-Barcelona yobuxoki, ebandakanya uninzi lwabantu abancinci. Emva kwexesha, lo mfo wagwetywa ngale nto-isohlwayo yayiyenzelwe ukuvalelwa kwiinyanga ezintathu kwiValencia.
Phantse emva kokukhululwa kweRamon, ivolontiya yaseRamon yangena kwiindawo zeRiphabliki ezibandakanyeka kwimfazwe yamakhaya eSpain (1936-1939). WayenguMkomishina we-brigade engamashumi amabini anesixhenxe elwe kwi-Aragon Free. Wenzakele kwaye walaliswa esibhedlele.
Inkonzo kwi-NKVD
Kwangoko emva kokuba iRimomon yabuya emva kokonzakala, babezibandakanya kubasebenzi bekomishini yabantu beMicimbi yaNgaphakathi ye-USSR. Kudala ndibukele le ndoda, ndiyithathela ingqalelo into enokubakho. Uncedo lokufumana i-mernader i-caridad yonyoko, nokuba ukuzalwa koNyana kwaba yiArhente yaseSoviet phesheya.
Ngo-1937, i-ramoni merkder (ekwabizwa ngokuba yiRamon Ivanovich Lopez) sele ivele kumaxwebhu angaphakathi koKhuseleko lukaRhulumente kunye neComissariat.
Ukudlula "Ikhosi yomlinganiso" wobisi oluncinci "waqalisa ukulungiselela umsebenzi wakhe wokuqala-ukuphelisa i-quolution quotsky, owayengumngcaphili we-Marxism notshaba olubi kakhulu lwabantu baseSoviet.
Ukubulala i-trotsky
I-Hebab Bronstein, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-Gro Deviavovich iFrotsky, ukusuka kwiminyaka yokuqala yakhokelela kwimisebenzi yotshintsho olusebenzayo, engaphezulu kwe-tenftit. Ngo-1917, uTrotsky wayenjalo nenkokheli yeBolsheviks, ngelixa iVladimir Lenin yayifihla eFinland. Ngapha koko, uLeviovich yintloko yenguqu ka-Okthobha.
Ngo-1918, uTrotsky uba ziindawo zemicimbi yabantu, emva koko uqala ukuba uqhubeke ube ngamandla - incopho yalo msebenzi iwela ekuqaleni kwemfazwe yamakhaya. Ngenxa yobuchwephesha osetyenziswa yi-LVOMDEvich, uyazikhathalela iintshaba zakhe ebusweni uGregory Zinovieva, i-iayinas katenev noJoseph Stalin.
Emva kokusweleka kukaLenin, ukuphela komzabalazo we-intrawalsive kwaye uza kwisithuba sentloko yeStalin, i-trotsky kufuneka ishiye i-USSR. Ukuba ayizange ikhululwe ngo-1936 incwadi ethi "Ukuguqulelwa ngokunyaniseka", kuyakubakho ke yonke imida, kodwa yona incwadi yapapashwa, kwaye kwafumana i-GoEA ye-GoboA ifumene i-rotsky.
Inzame yokuqala eyenziwe liqela phantsi kobunkokeli bobugcisa uJosé Sokuros awuzange uphumelele, ngenxa yoko, ubunkokeli be-NKVD basondela kumbuzo olandelayo olandelayo.
I-ramonirator ye-ramon yahlulahlula iNaum enkulu. Emva kokuba esebenze ngokucokisekileyo, uMercider phantsi kwegama lomthengisi waseCanada jackson uya eUnited States. ENew York, phantsi kwegama elitsha, iJacques Monrard ramon iphuma kwi-silvia aleoshoff-rotsky.
Ngo-Oktobha 1939, uJacques watyholwa ngokufudukela eMexico ngemicimbi yomsebenzi, apho uProtsky uhlala ngeli xesha. Kungekudala, uMerato umema isifo seSilvia, esithi uyayikhumbula intombazana. Enkosi kwi-Agaloff ngo-Matshi 1940, I-Mergader Montr Montrrarrar Montk isekhona kwi-rotsky. URamona ulawula ukuze uqinisekise ingonyama kwi-Veavich kwimbono yakhe kwiimbono ze-trotskyism, kunye nokulungela kwezemali ukunceda ekuphumezeni izicwangciso.
Nge-20 ka-Agasti, kwangaloo nyaka, i-mergasser iza kwiVila ye-quatsky ukuyinika inqaku lakhe kwaye limamele uluvo lukaLeoDadovich. Ngokwesi sicwangciso, iRamon ephuhliswe kwi-NKVD iya kufuneka ifudumele i-trotsky phantsi kwengubo ye-icecock (yonke into icetywe ukuba ithe cwaka-ngaphandle kokusetyenziswa kwemipu kufutshane nomatshini we-villa Ukufihla eMexico nonina no-Eitigon.
Kodwa yonke into ingahambanga kakuhle xa u-rotsky akazange aphulukane nengqondo emva kokubetha ngasemva kwentloko, kodwa akhululwe. UMerkdir wayedidekile, wayeyazi ngokwakhe kwaye emva komzuzwana wabanjwa ngokugada egumbini. URamona wabethwa wabiza amapolisa. UNaum Eitigon waqonda ukuba kukho into engahambanga kakuhle, kwaye umama kaMertade wasuswa. Ngobo busuku bashiya ilizwe. UDOtsky wafa ngosuku olulandelayo.
I-megadeder yagwetywa. Enkundleni, uRamon wazama ukuzisa amanzi acocekileyo, kodwa wathi wayeyiJacques Mnurarir - umthambo onesizungu ogqibe kwelokuba enze impindezelo, ukubulala i-trotsky. Akazange anikezele ngenyaniso de atshutshiswe ejele. Ngenxa yoko, iNkundla yaseMexico igwebe le ndoda nge-20 yokuvalelwa entolongweni, kwaye uMorkdede wafuduselwa kwiziko lentolongo ngolawulo lokuthambisa. Igama lokwenyani laseMemonians ifumene iminyaka emi-6 kuphela kamva.
UMerkDer wakho wakhonza entolongweni lonke ixesha. Nge-6 kaMeyi, ngo-1960, wakhululwa. Iiarhente zeSoviet zanikela i-ramon kuqala ukuya kwiCuba, emva koko kwi-USSR.
Nge-31 kaMeyi, ngaloo nyaka wafumana isihloko seqhawe leSoviet Union, kunye ne-odolo yeLenin kunye ne-rander "yenkanyezi ye-golide", emva koko i-stalin yatyikitya isikhalazo se I-bavrestrand beria yokunika abathathi-nxaxheba kwenkqubo eqhube ngempumelelo ukuze kuphelise i-trotsky). Ukongeza, uRamon wafumana igumbi elinamagumbi amane eMoscow kwithemba leLeningrad (hayi kude ne-leningrad kunye ne-volokolamsk ephezulu) kunye ne-golondoy yendlela kwi-PGT. Krato.
Ngokwasemthethweni, iRamon yaqatshelwa kuqala ngumqeshwa weZiko leMarxism-lenin, emva koko umsebenzi waseRussia wovimba wembali yezopolitiko. Kukho uluvo lokuba esi sivalo, kwaye enyanisweni uMercider waba ngumqeshwa weKGB.
Ubomi Buqu
URamon Mercider wayetshatile kabini. Umfazi wokuqala - uElena Ebert, - akazange alinde kwintolongo-wasweleka eMoscow ngo-1942.
Umfazi wesibini kaRamon waba ligama laseIndiya eligama linguRaquel (uRachel) Mendoza, owayesebenza njengomongikazi entolongweni, apho wayehleli khona uMercider. Intombazana enyanisekile emva kothuthungwe olulandelayo kunye nolwalamano olwenziwe phakathi kwabo. Xa uRamon wakhululwa, wamthatha naye waya naye kwiSoviet Union. E-USSR, uRaquel waba sisithethi kuhlobo lweSpain kwiRadio Moscow.
Ukufa
Kumhlaba ophakathi kwenkulungwane edluleyo, e-meorkstas kwisimemo sikaFidel Destill saya eCuba ukuba sifezekise imisebenzi yomphathiswa wezangaphandle.
Ngo-Oktobha 18, 1978 eHanana Ramon wasweleka e-Sarcoma. sebefile kwakhe, yaye uthuli abathuthwayo ukuya eMoscow wangcwatyelwa kwi Kuntsevsky emangcwabeni phantsi igama URamon Ivanovich Lopez. Ilitye lesikhumbuzo elinomfanekiso kaMerdader wabekwa engcwabeni.
Imemori
Ezi ribbs zilandelayo zasuswa ngokusekwe ebomini bukaRamon:
- Ngo-1972 - "Ukubulala i-trotsky" uJoseph wetha ne-Alain Delon, uRichard Burton noRoma Schneider.
- Ngo-1993 - "i-trotsky" leonid marmagin ene-viktor sergachev kunye ne-vnylav razzzhegayev.
- Ngo-2002 - u-Frida Julie Taymono noSolma Hayek, uAlfred Molina noJeffrey Raster.
- Ngo-2009 - uKiatky waJaakky Garnney noLenan Balann, kunye ne-daide noTaylor noTaylor Baruchel.
- Ngo-2011 - "ukulwa: Umfazi ophantsi kwentlawulelo ye-algis ye-algis arlausouscas kunye neSapatero kunye ne-Antonio Spopacera kunye no-Antonio.
- Ngo-2016 - "ekhethiweyo" u-Antonio Chavarrias ono-Alfonso Errera, eKhanna Murray neJulian Sands.
- Ngo-2017 - "uTrotsky" Alexander Kotta kunye noKonstantin StatSky nge-Konstantin Khabensky, evgenyy skykanzov kunye nesergey gash.