Biography
I-Helmut Kohl sisiya kwezopolitiko yaseJamani saba ngumtshato welizwe kathathu. I-Kohl Phukisela inkqubo yokumanyanisa kwiRiphabhlikhi yaseJamani yeJamani kunye ne-GDR, ekungeneni kweJamani eNato kunye nokuqaliswa kwe-Euro endaweni ye-Euro.
I-biography kaHelmut Konta yaqala ngoAprili 3, 1930. Abantu bezopolitiko bexesha elizayo bazalelwa kwintsapho yemali. I-Native yeSixeko saseHelmut yi-Ludwigshafen-in-Rhine. UHans uHans wazalelwa eBavaria. Umama wobutsha obizwa ngokuba yiCecilia. Ukongeza kwi-Helmut, abantwana ababini abaninzi bakhulisa usapho.
Intsapho ithathele ingqalelo kwezopolitiko. Utata nonina babekwicala labameli be-bourgeoisive bourgeoisie. Kodwa akazange ayilibale iminqophiso yamaKatolika. Ngexesha leMfazwe yesibini yeHlabathi, umkhuluwa kaHelmut wasweleka. Ezobupolitika zexesha elizayo zikhusela imbeko yelizwe kwidabi. Kodwa umsebenzi awuzange ufike kwimbambano.
Ngo-1950, lo mfo wagqiba kwelokuba aqhubeke, ke waba ngumfundi weDyunivesithi yaseFrankfurt. Lo mfana kwimiphefumlo yayizesayensi esemthethweni. Kodwa emva konyaka, ishiya isibonda ukusuka esikolweni kwaye iya eDeidelberg. Ezona zinto ziphambili zokufunda i-helmusyusike imbali kunye nesayensi yezopolitiko.
Ezopolitiko
Umsebenzi wezopolitiko waseHelmut Konta waqala kwiminyaka yesikolo, emva kokungena komfo kwi-democratic Union. Emva kwexesha eLudwigshafen, iKohl yenza "umanyano lolutsha". Uhlobo lwezopolitiko luqhekezwe minyaka le, ngo-1953, uAndmut wanyulwa kumalungu eBhodi ye-KDS. Emva kwexesha, lo mfana waba ngusekela-sihlalo weSebe leMfundo le- "Mayunithi yoLutsha", eRhineland Palallatz.
Ngokuthe ngcembe umgaqo-nkqubo wemisebenzi ifumene amandla. Ngo-1968, uHelmut wayekwazile ukutyelela izikhundla eziphezulu kwindibano yedemokhrasi yobuKristu. Ngenxa yoko, ndakhetha umfana osemva kwesithuba sikasekela-sihlalo weqela. Uncedo olungenakuphuma kwi-Kodwa njengomgaqo-nkqubo owenziwa nge-fritz.
Ukongeza kwisithuba sikasihlalo weqela, i-Helmuta yafumana indawo ye-Prime Persime Rhineland Pallallandz. Le ndoda yasungula uhlengahlengiso lolawulo, kamva yalungelelanisa iDrira-Kaiserslautrn, ngoku ebizwa ngokuba yiDyunivesithi yeDyunivesithi yaseTrier nezobuchwephesha.
Kwiminyaka emithathu kamva, unyulo lwenzeka emcimbini. Ayikwazanga ukufezekisa uloyiso, ukuze indawo kasihlalo ye-CD iye yangena kwizandla zemvula. Kodwa uvuyo lomdlali welinye iqela lwalufutshane. Ngo-1973, uHelmut waphinda wamenywa kweli nqanaba, apho ipolitiki yahlala khona de kwawe-1998.
Ngo-1976, uKoliyo wayenomnqweno wokuqhubeka. Ngeli xesha, unyulo lwalubanjelwe kwi-bundstag. Ipolitiki igqibe kwelokuba ifumane ikamva kwaye libhenele kwisithuba se-chancellor. Imisebenzi yokunyusa iphumelele. Ipati ye-Kolayo ifumene i-48.6% yeevoti. Yayinguloyiso oluncinci lweqela elinye, kodwa ukuphumelela unyulo ngokubanzi kwi-XDs ngokubanzi ye-XDS kunye noHelmut asiphumelelanga.
Enkosi kule KolyA kwafuneka bashiye isikhundla se-ntlokorm / baya kwindiza njengentloko yeqela. Kodwa ngequbuliso, abameli bemibutho yentlalo yamaKristu inyameko bagqibe kwelokuba bashiye iZiko elithile. Isihogo sasingakwazi ukuvumela oku, ngoko ke waqhubeka amaqhinga. Umanyano lwabahlali belinye iqela bakwazi ukugcina. Ukususela ngo-1976 ukuya ku-2002, iKohl yayikwisigaba njengoSekela.
Ibhodi esemthethweni yeHelmut Konta yezithuba ze-friyal Chancellor yaseJamani zaqala ngo-Okthobha 1, 1982. Ipolitiki ithathe indawo yeHelmut Schmidt, eyavakalisa ivoti yokungathembani. Isigqibo esinjalo sikhokelela kwiingxaki kwipati yedemokhrasi yasimahla, kuba isithuba se-Chancellor Kohl khange size ngonyulo.
Kodwa i-Helmut yayifuna ukufezekisa ukuqonda okunye, kwacela ukuba amalungu e-bundstag kuphela umbuzo - umbuzo wokuzithemba kwinkokeli entsha yelizwe. Uninzi lweendawo ezininzi zagqiba ekubeni kude kwezi nkqubo, ukuze ndinayo into endiyifunayo. Kunyaka emva kokuqeshwa yi-Chancellor HelMut, i-FRG imiselwe ukufundisa. Ipolitiki ivakalise ukutshitshiswa kwe-vandstag.
Ixesha elide phakathi kweFransi neJamani, ubudlelwane babusanda. Kodwa ngo-1984 yonke into yatshintsha. Kwindawo yokulwa, eVedden, amaqela amadala eHelmut Kohl kunye noFrancois Mitteran badibana. Ifoto ngokutshutshiswa kwe-sake ehlanganisiweyo emhlabeni yaza yaba bubungqina obuqinisekileyo bokuxolelaniswa kwamacala amabini.
Umgaqo-nkqubo wangaphandle nowangaphakathi weJamani kwiminyaka apho imigaqo yeHelm kohl ihlukile kwaye imbi kakhulu uqikelelo olululo nolungalunganga. Ukongeza ingqalelo kwezopolitikojika ukuba itsaleleke xa i-flcam skram. UHelmut wabangelwa yiKhomishini ngenxa yokuncinwa malunga nokunyoba kurhulumente.
NgoNovemba 1989, udonga lwaseBerlin lwawela. Kwi-GDR kukho utshintsho olubalulekileyo kwidemokhrasi. Ikhuthaze iKohl ukuze ikwazise inkqubo kwi-bundstant encedise ekufutshane neJamani kunye ne-Europe yonke. Kodwa le projekthi ayivunyelwanga namaqabane eqela.
Embindining-1990, iJamani ne-GDR isawusayina isiVumelwano seLizwe ngemali, kwezoqoqosho nezentlalo. Uhlengahlengiso olunzulu loqoqosho luchaphazele kakubi imeko yamashishini. UHelmut Kohl wakwazi ukunyanzela iintloko zamagunya aseYurophu ukuba ahlangane kwaye ulungelelanise umanyano lweRiphabhlikhi yaseJamani kunye ne-GDR kwilizwe elinye. Emva kwexesha, iJamani yawa kwezopolitiko eNato.
Umbutho wavumela i-Helmut ukuba ikhulise umsebenzi wezopolitiko. Ukubona kwangaphambili kunye nolwazi lweziseko ze-psychologlogy kuvumela umntu ukuthintele i-coup, eyenzelwe ngo-1989. IHeiner Gaisler, i-Lotshar Spt kwaye iRita Zyusmouth yaba ngabaqulunqi.
NgoJanuwari 1991, uHelmut Konta wanyulwa ngokutsha kwe-federllor. Imbangi kulonyulo yayiyi-Prime Prime Scar Oscar Lafontane. Ngoku igama lonyana liya kunxulumene ngokuthe ngqo kunye ne-Union yaseJamani, kuba ezopolitiko zaba liCandelo lokuqala lemimandla.
Emva kweminyaka emithathu, iKohl inyuselwe kwakhona. Ngeli xesha, unyulo lwaluntsonkothile, kodwa iRudolf Rime Prime Primer Rudolf Chardas ayikwazanga ukumchasa i-Helmut. Ukususela ngalo mzuzu, kwi-Kohl Anyuse amanye amaqhinga kwi-Arena ye-Arena. Kwintsimi yeFrankfurt ephambili, enkosi kwimizamo ye-Chancellor, ibhanki yaseYurophu yaposwa. Uhlobo lwaseJamani lwafika endaweni yophawu lwaseJamani.
Imicimbi yangaphakathi yamazwe ihleli ngaphandle kwengqwalaselo yi-Kohl. Oku bekusenzeka emva kokuphulukana ne-xds kunyulo ukuya kwi-bundcag ngo-1998. UHelmut, oku kwakuthetha ukurhoxa. Ngo-2002, i-Kohl Atf yokuthatha inxaxheba kunyulo olutsha kwisithuba se-Chancellor yaseJamani.
Ubomi Buqu
Ubomi bobuqu Umgaqo-nkqubo awuzange ubangele inzala kuluntu. Ngo-1960, uGelmut wathatha intombazana egama linguHannelore. Esanda kunyulwe ngumguquleli owenziwayo. Kuyaziwa ukuba abantu abancinci badibana kwiminyaka eli-12 ngaphambi komtshato.
Kodwa ubudlelwane ubudlelwane buqale kamva. Lo mtshato wazalwa ngoonyana. UHannelore wayekhathazekile ixesha elide ngenxa ye-allergies ukuya kuthi ga ngemini. Yonke imihla umntu obhinqileyo ahluthwa amandla akhe, ngenxa yoko ngoJulayi 2001 eneminyaka engama-68 ubudala abarhwebi abazibulala.
Kwiminyaka engama-78, uthando olutsha lwaluphumelele i-Helmut. Indoda ethandekayo yaba yi-t-hirtizy. Umfazi usebenza njengengcali yezoqoqosho. UMike ubambe isithuba kwiSebe lezoQoqoqosho kwiSebe leMfundo le-Federal Chancellor.
Inyaniso enomdla malunga nomtshato wesiramini kunye noKodwa: Umsitho wenzeka kwiSibhedlele iHydelberg. Apha ngeli xesha ipolitiki idlulisele ireyithi yokubuyisela emva kokulimala kakhulu okufunyenweyo ngexesha lokuwa. Kumbhiyozo apho zazinezalamane kunye nabahlobo besi sibini.
Incwadi yokuqala eneMbumo ye-Gelmut epapashwe ngo-2004. Eli candelo libizwa ngokuba "ziinkumbulo, ngo-1930 - 1982" I-Kohl azinikezelwe kumfazi oxhasiweyo uHannelore. Malunga nabaMama abantwana abezopolitiko bakhumbula uthando kwaye bekholelwa ukuba umsebenzi wakhe wayengumfazi wenkosikazi yakhe. Umthamo wesibini wavela kwiZiponjini zeencwadi ngonyaka, kunye nencwadi yesithathu - ngo-2007.
Ukufa
Izifo zixelele uHelmut Kohl. Ngeenyanga zokugqibela zobomi, ezopolitiko aziveli esidlangalaleni. Nge-16 kaJuni, 2017, izalamane zale madoda zibhengeza ukusweleka kwe-vancellor yaseJamani. Unobangela waseburhulumenteni wokufa osondeleyo wawungonwabanga. Kodwa amajelo eendaba avele kwimithombo yeendaba ukuba ezopolitiko zafa ngenxa yeengxaki emva kokusebenza kwi-bladder.
Umngcwabo we-Helmut Kola wenzeka nge-1 kaJulayi. Umsitho wokuvalelwa uFarewell wenzeka kwiPalamente yaseYurophu ibekwe kwintsimi yaseStrasbourg. Owasesesakuba nguMongameli Wongameli wase-US Clinton, i-Captlllor Angela Merdel, uSihlalo weRoma Federation Dhittery MedveDev weza e-Delmut. I-Cruvebysts kwezopolitiko ikwi-spaire.
Umsitho wayengekho i-mikhail gorbachev. Ngenxa yeengxaki zempilo, oogqirha babengavumelekanga ukuya kwi-ex-omongela yase-USSR ukuya eStrasbourg. Intloko ye-Russian Federation, Vladimir uPin ichaze amazwi ovelwano kwaye wathi kwiimbono zakhe zezopolitiko zazinempembelelo ye-kohl.
Iinyani ezinomdla
- I-gelmut kol yaba ngumqalisi wayo umanyano lwe-frg kunye ne-GDR eJamani.
- I-Caplor yaseJamani isayine isivumelwano seMaistricht, esaphawula ukuqala kwendalo ye-European Union.
- Umsebenzi wezopolitiko weHelmut Konta uphele ngenxa yesikali sorhwaphilizo.
- I-Helmut Kohl yabhala iimpendulo zencwadi.
- Kwiminyaka eyi-16, wangena kwimanyano yomKristu - umanyano.
Imemori
- 2004 - "Iinkumbulo, 1930 - 1982"
- Ngo-2005 - "iimemo. Ngo-1982 - 1990 "
- 2007 - "Iimemo. 1990-19944 "