Biography
Ndiyathandana, ndifihle ngamaphupha, ndiyathanda, kodwa andikwazi ukwenza okuhle. Khawuleza, onobuhlungu, odakumbileyo. Ukungazi ukuba ukhethe indlela yokukhetha kunye nokwakha okusingqongileyo, kulula ukuphembelela. Ubuntu obuncinci, kwaye nangakumbi ukuba netrone yombuso, idityaniswa neempawu ezichaseneyo. Ngokwabantu ababephila ngexesha lemvelo kunye nababhali-mbali, i-biography yenkosazana enkulu uAna Leopoldovna ngumzekeliso ongqalileyo.Ubuntwana noLutsha
U-Anna LeopoldovV, Nee Elizabeth Catarina Kristina, i-Princesbunburg-Schebinskaya, yazalwa emtshatweni kaPeter I, Ekaterina John Leopold Mecklinsky. Kwenzeke nge-1718 kwisixeko saseJamani saseRostock. Intombazana leyo ibhaptizwa kukholo lwamaProtestanti. URodini kwiPrincess yayiyinto ebonakalayo: I-Russian Press Anna Ionyna ibalelwa kwi-anti yayo, ecaleni kukatata kwizalamane kunye neenkosana zaseJamani.
Ubomi bosapho buvela kubazali bakaElizabeth, abantu abanemfundo eyahlukileyo, abatshatileyo bavuma, ababuyayo nomntwana eRussia kunaye apho wazamkela apha etroneni, uAna uionovna yamthalela intombi kanina, yaqala ukuphakamisa i-hairness kwitrone yakhe yaseRussia. Ootitshala abaqeshiweyo, abasebenzi kunye nabafundisi, phakathi kwawo umhlolokazi oqhelekileyo kunye noArthodoishop, ukuba ngu-Orthodozy, ukuba ngu-Athodokishop, ukuba ngu-Abhodoxy, waba libali.
UAnna wayeyimveliso eqhelekileyo yemfundo yeSalon. Ibhinqa eliselula alizange libenza inzala, lisebenza namaxwebhu adiniwe. Khange ndiqonde umsebenzi, kuquka nengqondo, ngokungathi ndiphaphala emafini, ndinomsindo ofanelekileyo. UAnna Ioannovna emva koko waqalisa ukubona u-Anna Leopoldna, inye kuphela ukuzalwa konyana, apho indlalifa ikhulisayo.
Ezopolitiko
IBhodi ka-Anna Leopolddovna yayingaphawulwanga naluphi na utshintsho oluqhelekileyo lotshintsho, ngokungafaniyo nabanye abaphathi bakarhulumente. Ukufumana amandla, i-duchess egcwele yakhokelela kwindlela yokuphila. Iiklasi ezithandwayo zihlala zifunda i-french inoveli kunye nemidlalo yamakhadi, umdlalo onomhlobo osondeleyo uJulia Mengdeen. Ukuhambisa umnqweno wokulawula urhulumente akazange enze isigqibo, kwanangokubhekisele koyena mntu ukhuphisana naye - Elizabeth Petrovna, awayehlawula kungekudala.
Umgaqo-nkqubo wangaphakathi ka-Anna Leopolddovna kakhulu unenkxalabo, imali kunye nemveliso. Ukuphelisa i-volokac Plokat, xa ujonga izikhalazo ngomsebenzi weBhodi kunye ne-Senate, esekwe kwindawo yeRektetate, eyenzelwe ukutshintsha izibongozo, i-Synod yesisombululo kunye nentando ye ISoviet. Ingqwalaselo itsalwa kulibaziseko kwiimeko zokuqwalaselwa, amanyathelo athathiweyo ukuba azikhawuleze. Ukulungelelanisa imali, ingeniso kunye neendleko ziyahlaziywa, ezo zigqityiweyo.
Kwicandelo lezoRhwebo naMashishini, iChastrar yeBhanki yeBhanki kunye nemigaqo yeefektri ezinamafu zipapashwa. Ifakwe iiyure zokusebenza ezili-15, umvuzo omncinci, izibhedlele zabasebenzi zivulekile. Inkosazana yanikela iminikelo yesisa kumanyange, yaxolelwa amatyala kwi-Ofisi kaNondyebo. Imithetho epapashiweyo yokulawula amaxabiso okutya kunye nokunikezelwa kwezixeko kwiimeko zendlala.
Utshintsho oluchukunyisiweyo nolawulo. Ikhabhathi yabenzi, entloko yi-Andrei osterman, eyathi, ngo-Ana Leopoldovna, yaba yi-adming jikelele kwaye emva kokuwa kwe-chrisman cestopher midiha ijolise ezandleni zakhe. Imizimba yasekhaya kufuneka ichazwe kwiKhabhinethi.
Nangona kunjalo, ingaphakathi, kwaye umgaqo-nkqubo wangaphandle wayehlala kakhulu yingqondo kaRhulumente. U-Osterman uphuhlise iMfundiso yokuqala ye-Naval yaseRussia. Ibekwe kwimo yokulwa-jikelele yeFleti yeBaltic. Izivumelwano zokurhweba zigqityiwe ngeHolland naseNgilani. Uye wagxininisa iliso kwiliso labaphambukeli. Izenzo zeediplomats ziphakamise isoyikiso yongquzulwano neTurkey kunye nePersi.
Kodwa kwangaxeshanye, uMlawuli akaphumelelanga ukufumana ithuba lokuthatha i-wilmanstode eFinland. Ngaphandle kwento yokuba uAnna Leopoldovna engu-Austria, i-rappisthes yeRussia neli lizwe yayingafuneki kwi-Prussia, neFrance. Ekugqibeleni ekugqibeleni wanyanzela iSweden ukuba ivakalise imfazwe yaseRussia, eyaphela ngemizamo yengqeqesho kaElizabeth. Nangona kunjalo, kwagqitywa isivumelwano seminyeliso yaseRussia-iPussian yaseRussia-iPrussian engakhange ihlangane namathemba amiselweyo.
Ubomi Buqu
UAnna Ioannovna wayengenabo abantwana kwaye wasuswa ukuba afumane umtshana wotshatileyo, ukuze asombulule umba kunye netrone. Kuluhlu lwabagqatswa, uluntu lutsala inkosana ye-Anton Ulrich BraunschE-Lüneburg. UAnna LeopoldovVna akakhange abenezimvakalelo ezinamandla e-Austrian, kuba ayenomdla malunga nokubalwa kwe-charles moringn, entle, echasene nendoda yexesha elizayo.
Inkosazana yafakwa phantsi kokubanjwa ekhaya, ixhomekeke kakhulu naluphi na unxibelelwano. Umtshato wenzeka ngo-1739, kwaye unyaka nonyana wazalelwa eAna, ukumkanikazi, ekugqibeleni, wapapashwa ngu-Ivan Ivan Ivan Ivan Ivan wabhengezwa yindlalifa ye-Russia .
Umntwana omncinci wayefunelwa ngumgcini, umama wakhe wezemvelaphi kule hypostasis akazange aqwalaselwe. Phambi kokufa kuka-Anna Ionynavna yonyula irente ye-Elest bihann biron biron. Wakhawuleza wangena kwincasa yamandla. I-Biron yazivumela ukuba ithuke i-anton ulrich, isongele ubundlobongela uAnna Leopoldna. Ekuziphenduleni kosapho, ukubala Mini baphakame, wathatha izigqibo zezopolitiko.
Ukuphinda kwenziwe i-Biron kwabanjwa ngabazali bomlawuli omncinci, bekungafuneki kokuziphatha kwintendelezo nasemkhosini, kwaye ke ihlala inyanga nje kuphela. NgoNovemba 1740, iRegent yabanjwa yathunyelwa kwikhonkco kwiphondo laseTobolsk.
NgoJulayi 1741, uAnna wazala intombi Katherine. Urhulumente okwiphepha emva koko wanika amagama aqhelekileyo.
I-Opala
I-Pauce Coups yayiyinto eqhelekileyo kwixesha lokuqulunqwa kwemeko yaseRussia. UAnna wafumana amandla ngendlela efanayo, kwaye waphulukana naye. NgoNovemba 25, 1741, ukungcungcuthekiswa kommeli wesiFrentshi waseShetiardi kunye ne-Nolvoy enomsindo waseSweden kwaba nesiqhamo - kwabakho i-coup, kwakhiwe kwitrone uElizabekE petrovna. Usapho luka-Anna Leopoldovna lwabanjwa kwaye lwazilungiselela ukuthumela kwiRiga.
Kodwa emva koko, umyeni wakhe obhukuqayo, uElizabhete, uAlexey noPeter bazalelwa kwikhonkco) baza bangena kwingingqi yexesha elide bade bashiye indawo ye-iránglengsk yaseKeshungweyo, eKHlemogors.
Amazibulo akwaYohane ahamba, kangangexesha elingaphezu kweminyaka engamashumi amabini awayechithe entolongweni kwiintolongo zemfihlo nakwinqaba ye-Shtsalseburg, kwaye ngo-1764 wabulawa.
Idesika yabanye abantwana yaphuhliswa kabuhlungu: Ukuchitha iminyaka engama-40 entolongweni kwaye kwi-1780 ithunyelwe eDenmark, nangona babefumana ipenshini yorhulumente waseRussia. Intombi kaCatherine ngenxa yokulimala ikhula ngengqondo, kodwa yaphila ixesha elide kunabo bonke. U-Elizabeth waphulukana nengqondo yakhe emva kokwahlukana nentanda yakhe. UPetros no-Alexei Inkululeko yenkululeko ayizange ivuse uvuyo, ifile, ingayishiyi inzala.
Ukufa
Unobangela wokufa kuka-Anna Leopoldovna ngo-1746 yayikukuba uHarma wolwama. I-Empress Elisakta iPetrovna yasabela ngokubhekisele kwisalamane esiphuculweyo: Umzimba wasiwa eSt. Petersburg kwaye wangcwatywa kunye ne-Blaxanderk ye-Alexander Nevky Lavra.Imemori
Ukupeyinta:
- 1746 - "Anna Leopoldovna". Louis Karavak
- "Anna John noAnna Leopoldovna ngokuhamba" (umbhali)
- Phakathi kwe-1733 ne-1739. "" Inkosazana uAna Leopoldovna ". A. Matsveev
- 1736 - "Inkosazana enkulu uAnna Leopoldovna". I. VeKender
- 1741-1746 - "Umzobo ka-Anna Leopoldna kwingubo yeorenji." I. Vishyakov
Uncwadi
- Ngo-2001 - "iyadi yabalawuli baseRussia kwixesha lakhe elidlulileyo nakwangoku.". E. Volkov
- Ngo-2012 - "Anna Leopoldna". I. Kurukin