Biography
Inzululwazi yeMathematics Alan Tuarting kwisicatshulwa somsebenzi "kwiNumemvu ekhohlakeleyo", epapashwe ngo-1936, yangqina ukuba akukho ndlela yendalo yonke yokumisela inyaniso kwaye ayinakho ukuba kwinzululwazi yezibalo. IMathematics iya kuhlala inemisebenzi engeyiyo imvume. Imisebenzi yokuthamba ichaphazela le ngxaki iyamkelwa njengesiseko sezifundo zemfundo kwicandelo lobuchule bokwenyani.Ubuntwana noLutsha
UAlan Statson utya wazalwa eMaida Vale, London, JUNI 23, 1912. Ootitshala bezikolo baqonda ubuchule bezinto ezingokwengqondo ze-ALAn, kodwa abakhange banamathisele ukubaluleka kubo. Inkwenkwe ityelele isikolo esidumileyo sesiXeko saseSoruthBone, apho yayinomdla ngakumbi kwiSayensi echanekileyo. Kwibhayiloji yenzululwazi inenani leenyani ezinomdla. Usuku lokuqala lwesikolo sendodana ngengozi ngengozi ngokuqala kogwayimbo, kwaye wanyanzelwa ukuba oyiswe nge-100 km kwibhayisekile, ukuchitha ubusuku kwihotele kwindawo yokuhlala.
Emva kweSherborne, ukuthathwa kwenani labafundi beKholeji yaseRoyal (iYunivesithi yaseCambridge), apho wafunda khona iminyaka emithathu. Ngokweziphumo zokukhuselwa komsebenzi we-Master, apho uAlan wangqina ukuba umphambili we-TheOrem, lo mfana ubhalise kubasebenzi ootitshala.
UAlen oselula, nangona wanika isayensi ngalo lonke ixesha kwaye wayenomfanekiso we-eccentric phakathi koogxa bakhe, wabandakanyeka kwezemidlalo - ngo-1946 wagcinwa kwindawo yokugcina iBritane, apho umfana wayebaleka khona iMarathon.
Isayensi
Ngo-1936, umsebenzi wokudinwa "ngamanani amabi" wapapashwa, kwisicatshulwa sokuba uAlan wazisa umxholo womatshini womhlaba wonke (emva koko ubizwa ngokuba ngumatshini wotywala). Umatshini ubale yonke into enokwenzeka, umxholo wekhompyuter yanamhlanje usekwe kwiprojekthi ephuhliswe ngokuzala.
Emva koko, ukunyanga kugxilwe kwisifundo seMathematics kunye ne-cryptology esekwe kwiZiko loPhando oluBalulekileyo ePrinceton, eNew Jersey. Emva kokukhuselwa kweDyunivesithi yasePrinceton kwiYunivesithi ngo-1938, kwabuya i-cabridge, apho wafumana khona umsebenzi wexeshana kwiziko lokunxibelelana likarhulumente - umbutho waseburhulumenteni waseBritane osebenza ekuqhekekeni kwe-ciphere.
Ubomi Buqu
Ngo-1952 unyaka. Ukuthululeka kwavulwa ucango kwaye uqengqeleka emgubhu wendlu yakhe: Yonke into iguqulwa kwigumbi, ezantsi kwefenitshala yingeniso. Etafileni yomniniyo, inqaku yayilinde isilumkiso sokuba ukuba ukungcungcuthekiswa kuya kuguqukela emapoliseni, imfihlakalo yakhe esondeleyo iya kutyhila kwihlabathi liphela. Isibakala sokuba isazinzulu esiqaqambileyo kukuba i-gay ayikaziwa. Inzululwazi ayizange izibambe kwaye ibibiza abalindi bomyalelo. I-Hacker yajika yaba yinto yokuqhekeka kathathu. Kodwa ingxaki yokuphanga yaya ngasemva, xa amapolisa afundela ubungqina bendoda engaqhelekanga yendoda esendlini.
Ebutsheni be-1950s, ubufanasini e-United Kingdom yayingekho semthethweni, ke xa ungcungcuthekiswa kwesamkelwa kunye nesaphulelo ne-Arnold Murrey, iSayensi yatyholwa ngobunzima obrwada. Emva kokubanjwa kokungcungcuthekiswa kwanyanzeleka ukuba bakhethe phakathi konyango olwenziwe ngamachiza amajusi ukunciphisa i-libido okanye ukuvalelwa entolongweni. UAlan ukhethe owokuqala kwaye waphambuka kungekudala, wangaphantsi kwe-comictionration kwinaliti ye-ina yehomoni yehomoni yokwenziwa e-Estrogetic apha enyakeni, eyenza ekugqibeleni ingenamandla.
Ngenxa yoluntu olwenzeka ngokwesondo lwesini, wayengavumelekanga ukuba aqhubeke nokusebenza ne-cryptography kwii-GCCs.
Imfazwe yesibini yehlabathi
Ngexesha leMfazwe yesibini yeHlabathi, ukutyhubela yaba ngumthathi-nxaxheba okhokelayo kwi-chopsib yesiJamani. Wayesebenza kwi-bletchley Park, emkhosini wesikhululo se-GCC, apho wenza izinto ezintlanu ezinkulu kwicandelo le-Crystanalysis, kubandakanya nokuphuhliswa kwesixhobo se-elektroryalysical esisetyenziswayo ukuze siqwalasele imiqondiso yomatshini we-Encypletion ". Umsebenzi okhutshwe ngu-Alan ture, kwaye unikezelwe kubuyiselo "i-Enigma", oogxa bakhe babizwa ngokuba yi "Ncwadi yePmbar
Igalelo lokungcungcutheka kwinkqubo yokukhaba akupheliswanga koku: UAlan ubhala amanqaku amabini malunga neendlela ezimbini zesazisi sekhowudi yeCCTER kunye nesikolo (kamva eyaziwa ngokuba yikomkhulu likarhulumente). Iziko lonxibelelwano lukarhulumente kuphela ngo-Epreli ngo-2012 bapapasha olu phuculo kuVimba weSizwe weSizwe se-United Kingdom.
Ekupheleni kwemfazwe, ukutyhala kwafudukela eLondon, apho wasebenza khona kwilabhoratri yelizwe. Phakathi kwegalelo eliphawulekayo lika-Alana ukuya kwisayensi kwixesha lomsebenzi, kufanelekile ukuba umntu otyumkileyo ajongwa nguyisiso lwekhompyuter ezenzekelayo kwaye ekugqibeleni, aphuhlise isicwangciso esifanelekileyo sekhompyuter kunye neemveliso ezifanelekileyo zesoftware.
Nangona inguqulelo epheleleyo ye-Ace ayisebenzi, ingcinga yayo yayisetyenziswa njengemisebenzi yetekhnoloji ejikeleze iminyaka emininzi, enefuthe kuyilo lwe-Britane yombane kunye ne-American Bendix G-15, ethathwa njengehlabathi Iikhompyuter zokuqala zobuqu.
Ukutsalela ixesha elithile kusebamba izikhundla ezikwinqanaba eliphezulu kwiSebe leMathematics nakwiilebhu zeCoscal Universe eManchester. Okwesihlandlo sokuqala, wafunda nengxaki yobukrelekrele bobunzulu kwinqaku elithi "I-Compsing Compling kunye nokuvavanywa" kwaye kwacetywa ukuba kuvavanywe uvavanyo lokufumana ulwazi lobugcisa kwishishini lobugcisa. Kule minyaka ingamashumi idlulileyo, uvavanyo lube nefuthe elibonakalayo kwingxoxo malunga nobukrelekrele bokwenyani.
Ukufa kuka-Alan
Ukuba namathuba aphulukene namathuba okusebenza kwisayensi, ukuqalwa kwegama lokuxinezeleka. Ukongeza, ngokuchasene nemvelaphi yokufumana iziyobisi zaseHormon, indoda yaqala ukuwa ngaphandle, yafa inkanuko yesini kunye nesondo, yaqala ukukhulisa amabele.
Ukungcungcuthekiswa kwasweleka nge-7 kaJuni, 1954. UNkskz Christie (indlu yendlu) ulungiselele umnini wesidlo sakusasa kwaye wakhwela kwigumbi lokulala ukuze abize etafileni, kodwa wafumanisa ukuba kukho itafile yebhedi yakhe. Emva koviwo lwe-poststumuus, kwavela ukuba unobangela wokufa yayiyityhefu.
Kufuphi nomzimba ofumene intsalela yeapile, nangona kungekho manqaku e-Apple efumaneka esiswini. I-autopsy ibonise "umxholo wamanzi esiswini, onuka kangaka iialmonds ezikrakra, kunye nesisombululo se-cyanide." Kwezinye iindawo, ivumba leammond ekrakra laqatshelwa. I-autopsy ibonise ukuba unobangela wokufa yayiyi-asphyxia ngenxa yetyhefu ye-cynide. Ukuzibulala kubhengezwe yinguqulelo esemthethweni.
Kwinqaku likaJuni le-BBC, uNjingalwazi wefilosofi kunye nengcali malunga nokutsala uJack Copend, aphikisa ukuba ukusweleka kwe-sure, cySide kwii-Apples ingekho kwirekhodi ye Iingcinga zokuzibulala, kodwa indlu ye-alan inomnqweno wovavanyo lweekhemikhali.
Nangona kunjalo, enye inguqulelo iyaziwa. Xa imfazwe yesibini yehlabathi igqithile, i-cuript esebenzela i-carrypt ye-SOIPIET. Abaphandi bacebisa ukuba iiarhente ze-KGB zibhengeza ukuphanga kwigumbi lenzululwazi kwaye bamkhokelela kumgibe, ngenxa yoko umsebenzi wokuhombisa iikhowudi zeSoviet zamiswa. Kwaye ezinye izazinzulu zenqanaba elinje, ukuqhubeka nomsebenzi wokungcungcutheka, kwakungekho xesha e-UK.
Amabhaso
- Umyalelo obalaseleyo woBukhosi baseBritane
- ILondon Royal Social
Imemori
- NgoSeptemba 10, 2009, iBrimerish Primery Perdon Prodon Brown yalungisa i-Alatriot Alan Aleot.
- Ibinzana elithi "ikhomputha" yelizwe lanamhlanje inyanzelekile ukuba ifunwe.
- Ipremiyamu eyaziwayo yokufaka igalelo kwi-Computer Science (i-250 yamawaka eedola) igama lokuzala.
- Ngokutsho kwenye yeenguqulelo, iapile (umbhuti we-Apple) waba ngumrhumo kuso isayensi yesayensi.
- Ubomi benzululwazi eqaqambileyo bubonakaliswe kwifilimu ethi "Umdlalo wokuxelisa", apho indima yokuzala yadlalwa ngu-Bhritane Actor Cumberbattbatch.