Biography
I-Kirk Douglas yenye yabameli bokugqibela beGolide yeGolide yeHollywood, eyona nkwenkwezi indala ye-rinema yaseMelika kunye nehlabathi, ibhiyozela ngo-2016. I-Anikissill yangaphambili i-Goalwill kunye nePhilantrop yaqatshelwa njengombhali onetalente, inika abafundi iinoveli zeshumi elinambini kunye neezezi zedada. Kodwa eyona nto iphambili kwi-biography yenkanyezi yeHollywood ihlala ihleli i-cinema.Umdlali wafumana umvuzo ophambili womzi-mveliso weefilimu ngo-1996, ngembeko yembeko nembeko. Kwi-asethi ye-Douglas-Globle Globe, "Ibhere yeGolide yeGolide" kunye notyumbo lweshumi elinambini, nase-Hollywood "I-Alleley Yozuko" kukho iNkwenkwezi ebhalisiweyo.
Ubuntwana noLutsha
Umdlali wexesha elizayo wazalelwa kwiAmerican Amsterdam ekupheleni kuka-1916. UKirk ngunyana wokuqala kunye nomntwana wesine kwintsapho yabafuduki baseRussia. U-Hlendll Danielovich kunye ne-Sanglel Sanglel ishiye idolophu ye-suUS 40 yeekhilomitha ukusuka kwi-mogilev (emva koko kwalawula iRussia) ngo-1910.
Emva kokuzalwa, uNyana wafumana igama elinguStero (iza). Ukhulele kwinqanaba lamaYuda kwaye waqala waqonda ukuba yintoni i-anti-semitiis. Emva kwexesha kwafuneka atshintshe igama elizweni liphela - kirk douglas. Nabazali kunye namagama aseMelika abizwa ngokuba nguHarry noBerth Demski. E-US, inani labantwana lafikelela kwi-7, kodwa kodwa uKirk wayehlala ekuphela konyana.
Inkwenkwezi yexesha elizayo yeHollywood yaqalisa ukusebenza kwangoko: Intsapho yayihlala kwintlupheko enkulu. Inkwenkwe isasaza i-imeyile, yazisa iimveliso ekhaya kwaye iphupha ngokuba ngumdlali weqonga. Okokuqala ngqa malunga nomsebenzi we-fatchchiy, i-Saint Demskie incinci icinga kwibanga lesi-2. Iintetho zokuqala zabona abazali noodade: Walungiselela imisebenzi eyenziwe ekhaya.
Emva kokuphumelela esikolweni, umntu ungene kwiKholeji. I-hobby yebhokisi incedise ukufumana imali kwaye ungaceli imali kubazali abawemi phezu kwemilenze yabazalwana baselula. Ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yee-1930, iKirk Douglas, efumene idiploma yekholeji, yaya kwi-Apple "enkulu", apho wangena khona kwi-Academy yobugcisa.
Kwakungekho mali yoqeqesho lweminyaka emibini eKirk, kodwa umfana onetalente wachukumisa kakhulu ootitshala: UDouglas wamkela kwaye wanika i-Fundliship. Ngexesha lokufunda kwakhe kwi-Academy yomdlalo, wasebenza njengomlindi kwaye akazange enzekalisanga nawuphi na umsebenzi.
Ukuqala kweMfazwe YesiBini yeHlabathi ebizwa ngokuba yiKirk Douglas kwindawo yokuyila. Wayenokuphembelela inkonzo ngenxa yombono ohluphekayo, kodwa akazange abe: inyanga 'yokuzivocavoca' ngamehlo, ndalungisa amehlo am kwaye ndangenisa umkhosi. Ngo-1944 wathunyelwa kwi-Pacific Fleet.
Iifilimu
Ukubuyela kubomi boxolo, uKirk Douglas wasebenzisa iphupha labantwana. I-bieging yakhe ye-ofisi yaqala kwi-New York Snaatical Snaprical snaps. Umculi wokuqala odlale edlantweni, wavela kwintengiso nakwizikhululo zerediyo. Emva kwempumelelo ye-Douglas eBroauglas ngo-1945 efudukele eLos Angeles, kufutshane nomzi-mveliso "wephupha".Nceda i-pickaxe yempumelelo kwi-Hollywood Calc kunye neZiko le-Lauren Baclal, ekhuthaza umdlali oselula ukuba abe ngumvelisi oqhelekileyo, umsunguli waseRussia. Ke abaphulaphuli babona babona i-douglas kwi-tepe ye-Americ ye-American ye-American ye-American Callic, i-Oscarous Lewis " Ifilimu yeza kutyunjelwa kwipremiyamu ye-Oscar yeyona meko ilungileyo, kwaye i-biecalant eqaqambileyo iphawula abaphulaphuli nabalawuli.
Kwiseti yedrama yolwaphulo-mthetho "ndihlala ndedwa", uDouglas wadibana noBerta Lavaster, obenze abahlobo abangabahlobo kwaye abatshutshiswayo. Ngo-1949, uDouglas utyunge i-cinema enkulu okokuqala: I-charmar nuar "ye-Canada Prim Robson, apho i-kirk ikhuphe indima ephambili kwizikrini. Abavelisi kunye namagcisa khange alindele ukuba ifilimu ifumaneke ngokufudumeleyo kubagxeki nababukeli.
Emva kokubonakala "kwi-champion", umlingane wezemikhosi ochukumisayo wabalandeli, wavalelwa esitratweni wacela i-autograph. UKirk Douglas wangena kwimvumelwano enenzuzo kunye nabantakwabo eMvuthuzelayo nangona 'babhalisiwe' eHollywood. Rhoqo ngonyaka wabonakala kwiiprojekthi ezitsha okanye ezimbini.
Ngo-1950, i-premsere yomculo uMichael Curnubach, apho kirk i-dut enamava e-Lauren Baclal, i-Lauren Baclal, Mfo ... kunye nentombi. Iindima ezahlukeneyo ze-Actor. Kwi-chark douglas idlale isibindi, kwi "Trubach" - idrama yolwaphulo-mthetho "tuz"-kwimbali ye-cynica "- imbali yokuthengisa .
Ebutsheni beminyaka yee-1950s, uDouglas wazifumana ekwe kubadlali abakhokelayo. Inkanyezi inika abalinganiswa abaphambili kwaye iyonda kakhulu iindima. Idrama "ububi kwaye zintle", ezipapashwe ngoDisemba 1952, zazisa iMelika ukuya kotyunjelwe okwesibini kumzobo webhanti. Emfanekisweni, uKirk Douglas waphinda waphinda wagqiba umvelisi webhotile, owonelisayo ongena ngokukhawuleza kwaye uwa. Kwi-duet, inkanuko nehlaziyiweyo ye-hollywood diva lana turner ibhola yelar.
KwiWicp Pimppanka, i-zhubu yaseRoma ithembekile "20,000 lebi yaphantsi kwamanzi", ephumelele i-Oscars ezimbini, e-Kirk Douglas Reincarn kwi-Lathi yomhlaba.
Kodwa imbeko kunye nomculi ovuthayo azikhuphe iribhoni ye-SCI, kodwa idrama ye-birgraphical ye-vincent van gago "unxanelwe ubomi". UMlawuli Vincent Mumbeley unikwe i-douglas yendima ephambili awayenengxaki kangaka. Ukutyunjwa kwesithathu kwi-oscar farine kunye nendawo yeGlobe yeGolide yaphuma yaba kwiBhanki yakhe ye-piggy.
Ebudeni beminyaka yee-1950s, i-Kirk Douglas yaseka inkampani yefilimu yemveliso, ibiza igama likamama - "proddovchn". Amandla akhe asuswa idrama yasemkhosini "kunye neendlela zokundwendwela" kunye nentshukumo ye-viking, apho umvelisi uthathe iindima eziphambili.
Ngeminyaka yee-1960, ifilimu yarhoxiswa ngohlobo lwe-peptum "i-spartcak" eBrian Soldlum. Lo ngumfanekiso wokuqala ophumeleleyo we-stanley kabley kubrick. Inkokeli yabavukeli abavukeli kunye nee-gladiators zidlale uDouglas, u-Lawrence kaOlivier noTony uCurtis alahliweyo kwi-EPIC ezele. Lo mfanekiso ubizwa ngokuba yi-blockbusters, waphumelela i-4 "Oscars", kodwa kwi-douglas ye-Douglas kunye ne-krurick ekugqibeleni yawa.
UKirk Douglas waziva kakuhle uguquko, ubungqina kukufunyanwa kwamalungelo okubeka inoveli yombhali waseMelika "kwi-cukushkina ndst". Kodwa inoveli, inoveli eDouglas kwi-snap ezinqindayo, zasilela. Embindini weminyaka yoo-1970, uTata odlulayo wathabatha unyana kaMikayeli Douglas, owaba ngumlimi we-Kidomoma "ebhabha ngaphezulu kwe-cuckoo nest." Umsebenzi wawuzisa uMichael "uOscar".
I-Kirk Douglas yindima oyithandayo kwimovie ka-Kirk Douglas iminxeba eNtshona "Mandrels engatshatanga", apho kwavela umfanekiso wenkomo.
Utshintsho kwimvakalelo yoluntu ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yoo-1960 bachaphazele umsebenzi wenkwenkwezi. Imifanekiso yamagorha yase-Westen kunye nemidlalo yasemkhosini yayinesithukuthezi, kwaye imizamo kaKirk Douglas ukuzama kwindima entsha kwiikhampapi "Imvumelwano" ayizange iphumelele. Kwangelo xesha, ifilimu yokugqibela ibizwa ngokuba nguMndudumo weNkuti "yothixo".
Abagxeki ngokupheleleyo kunye nababukeli bamkela i-gek yokujongwa kweKirk Douglas, engeniswe phakathi kwiminyaka yoo-1970s "." IMatthera yathabatha indima enkulu - isibindi marshal Howal Howard, ibhukuqa iqela lemigulukudu.
Umsebenzi wokugqibela we-Actor yefilimu - iHarry Agensky kwiprojekthi yeDayimane. Emva kwe-Douglas, idluliselwe kwi-1996 i-stroke yavela kwizikrini ekuqaleni kuka-2000 kwiziqendu.
Iindlela zekhulu zekhulu zekhulu i-Kirk Douglas zidibene nethemba: ngo-94, inkosi yaseHollywood iqale ibhlog kwi-MySpace. Ngo-1999, i-classic yomzi-mveliso weefilimu inike i-100 yeedola kwizigidi zeedola kulungiselelo lwesibhedlele labephethwe ngu-Alzheimer's.
Ubomi Buqu
Ebutsheni bakhe, uKirk Douglas - Indoda entle yembaleki enemihlathi yesikwere - yeva ubumnandi. EHollywood, babethetha ngeenoveli zakhe ngeJoan Crawford naseMarlene Detrich.
Ngowe-1943, ngexesha ikhefu elifutshane emva wokwenzakala, Douglas watshata Côtesen Diane idile, lowo wazala oonyana bakhe indoda ababini - Michael noYoweli.
Ukususela kwiqabane lesibini, umondi we-Ann Baidenz, i-kirk yayinenzala emibini - uPetros no-Eric. Bonke abantwana beenkwenkwezi bayahamba emanyatheni abazali babo, kodwa ubuqaqawuli babuya noMichael Douglas.
Ngaphantsi kwekhuselo lomtshato wama-2016 "umzi-mveliso wephupha" uqaphele isikhumbuzo seminyaka eli-100. Umbutho wonyaka wokukhumbula uMichael wacinga ngonyana kaMichael kunye nenkosikazi yakhe, i-Hollywood Star Catheta-Jones. Amakhulu amabini abahlobo kunye noogxa bakhe bafika kwihotele yaseLos Angeles. Ukubhengeza intetho, i-kirk douglas iqeqeshelwe i-perapist yentetho. Iindwendwe ezihloniphekileyo zangokuhlwa yayinguStephen Spielberg.
Ukufa
NgoFebruwari 5, 2020, uKirk Douglas wasweleka eneminyaka eli-103, ulwazi lwaziswa ngabantwana bomlimi. Unobangela wokufa kwenkanyezi yeHollywood yinto yendalo.I-filmography
- Ngo-1946 - "Uthando olungaqhelekanga uMartha versi"
- Ngo-1949 - "I-Champion"
- Ngo-1950 - "I-Stubaach"
- Ngo-1952 - "Okubi Nobuhle"
- Ngo-1952 - "Imbali Yomsebenzi"
- Ngo-1954 - "20,000 lebs phantsi kwamanzi"
- Ngo-1956 - "Ukunxanelwa Ubomi"
- Ngo-1957 - "iindlela zozuko"
- Ngo-1958 - "Viikings"
- Ngo-1960- "SpartAk"
- Ngo-1972 - "Umntu onesidima"
- Ngo-1975 - "ukuhlutha"
- Ngo-1978 - "quage"
- Ngo-1986 - "ntambo"
- Ngo-1999 - "iidayimani"