Biography
UGeorge Borron yimbongi yesiNgesi, igama lakhe libizwa ngokuba lulutho lonke kuncwadi lwehlabathi. Imisebenzi yemibongo, ithemba lokuphelelwa lithemba ngenxa yokukhohlakala kunye nobuchule behlabathi, iingcinga zothando kunye namaphupha angawazalisiyo malunga nentliziyo entle, ichukunyiswe yintliziyo yomntu.
Ukubandezeleka kunye nokuthandana kakhulu kukaBhairon ngengekazenzi ngathi: Le ndoda yaliqonda kakhulu ihlabathi lokwenene nexhala lokungafezeki kobomi nabantu. Nangona kunjalo, ayinguye wonke umntu owaziyo ukuba ukongeza kwizityholo zebhayiloji yokomoya, uGeorge Bairon azaliswe zii-thuckens zobomi bemihla ngemihla kunye nomzimba.
Ubuntwana noLutsha
UGeorge Gordon Byron wazalelwa eLondon nge-22 kaJanuwari, 1788. Intsapho yembongi yexesha elizayo, ngaphandle kolwazi, yayingamahlwempu. Umama wenkwenkwe waba ngumfazi wesibini weNkosi uBetrona sr. Ngokukhawuleza nje ukuba uGeorge omncinci apasudyo iminyaka emithathu, njengoko uYise wayeswelekayo, eshiya umfazi wakhe kunye nomntwana enomntwana ezingalweni kwaye engenantlonelo ngaphandle kwempilo.
Ibhinqa elinomntwana libuyele kwilizwe lasekhaya le-tilex entsha ye-tiles, ephantsi kwe-Notteltingham, eyafunyanwa ngu-Byron. Ubomi kwinqaba yayingeyobukhosi kwaphela: Isakhiwo esidala sawa, sikhunjuzwa rhoqo malunga nokubekwa kweBills. Ekugqibeleni umama kaGeorge ekugqibeleni wadlulisela ngenxa yobunzima rhoqo kwaye wayehlala eyeka unyana wakhe, ukubala okungafezekanga.
Ukongeza, u-Bayn wabandezeleka ngenxa ye-chromotype yengxolo, eyayihlala iba ngumxholo woontanga abakhwela. Inkwenkwe yayikhathazekile ukuba ngenye imini yabuza ngokunzulu ugqirha wentsapho ngokufaka ilungu elinencam. Sahleka kwimbongi yexesha elizayo kwaye ngenxa yobunzima - iyaziwa ukuba ngeminyaka eli-17 uGeorge sifunde iikhilogram ezili-102. Kwangelo xesha, ukukhula komfana wayeneminyaka eyi-1.72 kuphela.
Ezo meko zinefuthe kwimo ye-bairon eselula, eyaguqukayo ikwishumi elivisayo nelineentloni, ezazivele kwiplate yakhe yedwa, yedwa ngeencwadi kunye namaphupha akhe. Yimvakalelo- umntu usondeleyo, akukho lusingalolo kwabanye - u-Bayon uza kubangela intambo ebomvu kuyo yonke imisebenzi.
Imfundo yamabanga aphantsi i-George ingene ekhaya, esenza utitshala ozayo. Kwixa elizayo, u-Bayron wafunda kwisikolo saseDavich. Ngo-1801, uGeorge wajoyina uluhlu lomfundi ovaliweyo lwe-Aristocrats kwidolophu yakulo, kwaye emva kweminyaka emine wangena kwikholeji ye-Trinety kwiDyunivesithi yaseCambridge. Kuyaziwa ukuba isifundo sanikezelwa kwi-bay omncinci ngobunzima, kodwa umdla kwiincwadi wavuka wasemncinci.
Uncwadi
Incwadi yokuqala ye-Bairon, ebizwa ngokuba yi "POOT kwityala," laphuma ngo-1806. Kunyaka kamva, imbongi iprinta enye ingqokelela yemibongo - "ukhangelo lokuzonwabisa". Ngokungafaniyo nobomi bemihla ngemihla, ubume buvunyelwe uBhairon ukuze bathande ukuzithemba kwimikhosi yabo. Nangona kunjalo, uluntu luye lwaphendulwa ngokunzulu kwimbongi entsha, ukuba wenze intshayelelo ebhalwe yi-Byron yencwadi yesibini. Imbongi yayingadideki kwaye inikezelwe kubagxeki kwi-cature ye-caustic sitire "isiNgesi saseScotlands kunye nababukeli baseScotland", ababedume kakhulu ukuba baqiniseke.
Ngo-1809, imbongi yanyanzelwa ukuba ishiye uBukumkani bakhe obunye. Inyani yile yokuba, ngelixa umfundi, u-Bayron wayekhoboka lemidlalo yamakhadi notywala. Kulula ukuqikelela ukuba izinto ezinjalo zokuzonwabisa ziyenziwa rhoqo kwiindawo ezinqwenelekayo kuhlahlo-lwabiwo mali lukaGeorge Bairon. Wayiphelisa yonke into yokuba imbongi igqibe kwelokubaleka nje kubabolekisi kunye nababolekisi ababephulukene nomonde.
Ekunye nomhlobo wakhe uYohane Hobhaus biron waqhubeka nohambo. Abahlobo babebona iGrisi, eSpain, ePortugal kunye namanye amazwe. Iziphumo eziphambili zohambo yayingumbongo "wenqwelomoya uHarold Harold". Le yingxelo yothando yomhambi, owadlula ekuphoxekeni kwihlabathi elijikelezileyo kwaye wasinda kwi-Wreck epheleleyo yoLutsha malunga nehlabathi. Ewe kunjalo, iqhawe eliphambili lombongo loluvo lombhali, iimvakalelo zakhe nabantu.
Iinxalenye ezimbini zokuqala zomntwana ezenziwa ngo-1812 kwaye zazisa imbongi ukuthandwa kunye nomdla woluntu olukrelekrele. Kwiminyaka emibini elandelayo ngu-Bayan esebenza kwimibongo ebizwa ngokuba yi-MARONAT - "Lara", "bhidi yase-Abhido". Le misebenzi ilahlile uthando lwabafundi kwaye uprintwe ngenkuthalo.
Ngo-1816, uGeorge Borron washiya i-england ekugqibeleni. Ngeli xesha, imbongi ayikwazi ukukukhulula isahlulo sesithathu somntwana uHarold kunye nemibongo elishumi elinambini, kodwa siphinde silawule umfazi wayo, sizenzele igama lakhe, kodwa lalibangela ukuba umntu abe yimbongi, kodwa akafikanga ubuqaqawuli baseBhairon.
Umama kaGeorge Bairon sele eshiye ubomi ngelo xesha. Ke ngoko, imbongi yakwazi ukuthumela ngokuzolileyo ithengisa i-generic yendawo entsha ye-genet, eyamvumela ukuba ithande ixesha lokulibala malunga nobunzima bezinto eziphathekayo. I-Byron ihlanjululwe kwilali yaseSwitzerland, eyayikhethwe ngawo ngamaxesha athile kuyo kwiihambo zelizwe liphela.
Emva kwexesha elithile, imbongi yaphinda yahamba, ngeli xesha eVenice. Esi sixeko sicela i-bairon kangangokuba wabhala imibongo emininzi enikelwe ukuya kwiiVenice. Apha waphumelela kwingoma yesine kaMntwana Harold, kwaye ngo-1818 waqala ukubhala umbongo obizwa ngokuba yiDon, ebiza kamva abizwa ngokuba yeyona nto iphambili emsebenzini kaNdikhoyo. Lo msebenzi uquka iingoma ezili-16.
Ngokuhambelana noDon Juan, u-Bayan waqhubeka esenza umsebenzi ongumntwana-uHarold, kwaye wabhala umbongo weMazpapa nemibongo emininzi. Ngokubanzi, eli xesha, elithi, elithi, elithi, le nto ingcali ye-Byron enobudlelwane nebhinqa lakhe elithandekayo, yaba lelona linesiqhamo esiya kwimigaqo yokuyila.
Ngelishwa, "UDon Juan", wamitha ", wamitha iingoma ezingama-50, zahlala zingaphelelwanga. Abafundi bebengazi ukuba i-hambo kunye ne-adventures yomYuda imnandi yayikhokelele, kuba uhambo lukaYehova u-Bayman waphela.
Ubomi Buqu
Ubomi bobuqu bembongi nasebomini, nasemva kokuba ukusweleke bungqongwe kukuqikelela, ukugqithisa amarhe kunye namarhe. Nangona kunjalo, kwanawo maxesha awaziwayo ukuba wazi, akuvumele ukuba ugwebe inkosi bairon njengeyona nto inesibindi sentliziyo, ngokunjalo nomntu osidelayo isimilo esixhonyiweyo.
Yaziwa ukuba isishwankathelo sakhe esishwankathela sika-Agasti (intombi kayise kumtshato wokuqala) yaba lukhetho lokuqala lwembongi. Kunyaka emva koko, ngo-1814, u-Bayron wenza ukuba anikezwe kwi-Anna ye-Anna ye-Anna ye-Anabellank. Intombazana ayivumanga ukutshata imbongi, kodwa wakuvuyela ukunxibelelana noGeorge ngoonobumba. Kunyaka kamva, u-Bayron wagqiba kwelokuba abuyisele izandla kunye neentliziyo ze-anna entle. Ngeli xesha le ntombazana yasamkela esi sivakalisi, yaba ngumfazi wokuqala wembongi.
Emva kwexesha elithile, iqabane lakho lanika i-bayrona perennez - intombi yesihogo. Ngelishwa, ngexesha lokuba ubudlelwane besibini sele buqalisa kwimithungo. Kwaye emva kweenyanga ezimbalwa, uAnna Minbank wamthatha umntwana wabuyela kwindlu yabazali. Eli bhinqa lachaza isigqibo sakhe ngokungathembeki komyeni wakhe kunye nemikhwa yakhe engaqhelekanga, kunye nentlupheko kunye nokunxila kweBhairon.
Ngaphantsi kwemikhwa engaqhelekanga, uAnna wayethetha ulwalamano lomyeni wakhe lomyeni wakhe, owahlwaywa emva kweNgilamente ekufeni. Kwangoko emva kokumka komfazi wakhe, uNdikhoyo u-Byron walishiya ilizwe, ehambahamba.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuba intombi ka-Byrona esihogweni ibizwa ngokuba yinkqubo yokuqala esemhlabeni. Kuyamangalisa ukuba isifundo esinjalo ukutsala umfazi welo xesha, kodwa inyani ihlala iyinyani, isihogo somlilo (owayethathe ifani yomyeni wakhe) yayiyinkqubo yokuqala yomatshini owenziwe nguCharles Babber.
Ngo-1817, uBairon wayenento efutshane enentombazana egama linguClairmont, udade waseSoviet ongumbhali uShelley. UClaire wazisa imbongi kwintombazana yesibini. Intombazana ebizwa ngu-Allegre isweleke kwiminyaka emihlanu ubudala.
1819 yanika uBairon ubudlelwane obutsha obuya konwaba kakhulu kwimbongi. Ukukhetha kukaGeorge kwaba nguTeresa Guichchiiii. Ngexesha lokuthandana ne-Byron, lo mfazi wayetshatile, kodwa wayahlulahlulahlula iqabane lakhe waza waqalisa ukuhlala ekhuselekileyo kunye nembongi, esoyika izimvo zoluntu. Ixesha elichithwe nguTeresa lalityatyambile i-bairon ngokwendalo. Ukuhamba uye eGrisi, imbongi iya kuhlala nentanda.
Ukufa
Ngo-1824, uGeorge Borroni baya eGrisi ukuba baxhase umvukelo, balungelelanise ngokuchasene nolawulo lweTurks. Imbongi yayihlala kwi-barracks kunye ne-dugauts kunye nabavukeli. Iimeko ezinjalo azicothisi ukuba ichaphazele impilo yaseBairon. Imbongi ithathe umkhuhlane owoyikekayo kunye neentsuku ezimbalwa kamva, ngo-Epreli 19, 1924, bafa.
Oogqirha bavula umzimba wembongi. Kuyaziwa ukuba eminye yemizimba yagqiba ekubeni iphumelele kwaye ihambe kwicawa yasekuhlaleni, eye yenziwa. Nangona kunjalo, kungekudala la marhululu abiwe. Umzimba weNkosi u-Bairon wathunyelwa kwilizwe lembongi waza wangcwatywa kufutshane nendawo entsha ye-witlet, eyayingaphambili kwintsapho yakhe.
Kukho amatyeli ama-4 kwimbongi ehlabathini: ezimbini zazo zikwi-Itali, enye eGrisi kunye neyemyuziyam yaseDanish. Mhlawumbi yonke into efundwayo yemibongo ye-Bayron ifuna ukuthatha ifoto ecaleni kwelitye lembongi ithandekayo.
I-Bibliography
- I-1806 - "Imibongo kwimeko"
- 1813 - "Giaur"
- 1813 - "I-Abhidos Birde"
- I-1814 - "CORSAIR"
- I-1814 - "Lara"
- Ngo-1818 - "Uhambo lomntwana onguHarold"
- 1819-1824 - "UDon Juan"
- 1819 - "Mazpa"
- Ngo-1821 - "Kain"
- Ngo-1821 - "Izulu Nomhlaba"
- Ngo-1822 - "Werner, okanye ilifa"
- 1823 - "Iminyaka yobhedu"
- Ngo-1823 - "Isiqithi, okanye amaKristu kunye namaqabane akhe"