Biography
I-Louis xiii ngukumkani waseFransi naseNavarre ukusuka nge-14 kaMeyi, 1610. Imbali yaseFransi ingenele igama lesidlaliso "Fair."
Ubuntu bakhe butsho ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwintsomi, ngakumbi kwimisebenzi yababhali be-Edunent, umzekelo, uAlexander Duma no-Alfred de Vinya. Kodwa kwanawo iFrentshi ngokwalo, kholwa ukuba umfanekiso we-louis xiii kwezi noves zigqwethekile kakhulu.
Ubuntwana noLutsha
I-Louis XIII yazalwa ngoSeptemba 27, 1601. Utata wakhe uHeinrich IV wayenguKumkani wokuqala ovela kwi-bourbon Denasty. Umama - uMaria waseMaria, waseMaria, kwasekuqaleni eFlorence, intombi kaDuse Tuscany Francesco i. Umtshato waseHeinrich noMary wagqitywa ukuba bagcine impembelelo yeFrance e-Itali.
UMaria Mediedi, ukongeza kwiLouis, wazala abanye abahlanu, kodwa phambi kwesininzi ababekhe baphila kuphela uLouis XIII kunye nomntakwabo eGaston.
I-Louis yoLouis yayihlala kwinqaba yase-Saint-Germain-An-LEE, iAlbert de Luin ikhule phantsi - iColkotion yeHeinrich IV. Wayemfundise ukuzingela, ukuqeqesha izinja, ukutsiba i-Falcons, ukudlala izixhobo zomculo. Sele iminyaka emithathu, inkwenkwe idlala kancinci. Umama akazange azive naziphi na iimvakalelo ezikhethekileyo ngoNyana wakhe, ecacisa oku ngento yokuba inkosi yexesha elizayo ikhuliswe engqongqo noqeqesho.
ILouis yayinenkani kakhulu. Ke ngoko, phaya ukuya emtshatweni wesixhobo sase-Anna Austrian Austrian Austrian Austrian Asmocial Asmodie yayiyisabhokhwe, kwaye uHenry IV ngokwakhe ongumqhinga.
Ngo-1610, uLouis wagwetywa kwi-ballet kaDofina. Ngo-1615 wathatha inxaxheba kwiMadame Ballet. Kwaye kwi-ballet ye "Merlesson edumileyo" yena ngokwakhe eqamba kwaye emcaphukisa, kwaye wadalela iisuti. Uye wabonakala kule ballet kwindima ye-episodic kunye nomthengisi. Inkwenkwe yayinenkumbulo enkulu, wayekuthanda ukumamela iintsomi kunye namabali ezembali, qwalasela imephu yendawo.
Xa uLouis wayeneminyaka esi-8 ubudala, utata wakhe kaKumkani uHeinrich IV wabulawa, kwaye abasemagunyeni bafudukela kumayeza kaMariya kunye nothando lwayo lwe-konchino. Ukumkani wamkelwa njengomntu omdala ngo-1614, kodwa kwanasemva kokuba amandla ehleli ezandleni zikamkanikazi uRegent.
Kungekudala, uLouis kwicebiso likaLuin wagqiba kwelokuba asuse isiphelo kwindlela yakhe. Eyona nto ithandwa ngunina yabulawa, i-Medisi yathunyelwa kwinqaba yeBlois, kwaye i-Louis iba ngukumkani opheleleyo. Kodwa uneminyaka eli-16 kuphela ubudala, ngenxa yoko, kwinyaniso yeMithetho kaRhulumente, iAlbert Dene.
Ngendlela, uLouis wakhulela ngumntwana owenzakalisayo. Kwakukho ukusilela kweHormonal, kude kube yiminyaka engama-23 ubudala bengakhuli iibhulukhwe ebusweni, ngenxa yoko akazange asebenzise intengiso yexesha elide. Kodwa xa iindevu zaqalisa ukukhula, wafunda ukuzicheba, yaye wacheba bonke abaphathi bakhe, ngelixa esenza yonke into entsha. Kukholelwa ukuba nguLowo waqala indevu ekhethekileyo "yasebukhosini" kunye no-Clina.
Ibhunga lolawulo
Ngexesha lemidlalo, uMary kwibhotwe, i-Cardinal Richelieu iyavela. Ngeli xesha, iFrance iyancipha. Ilizwe isongelwa ngamagunya anamandla eYurophu-eSpain naseOstriya. Kwintendelezo yokuxhwila amanqwanqwa kunye neqhinga.
UKumkani oselula waseLouis XIII noRikeliyeli abalufumani ulwimi oluqhelekileyo, kwaye emva kokubulawa kwabantu ekufeni, ubhekisa kwikhadinali eLuzon. Ewe kunjalo, i-louis izakhono zobuchule bokuhlaziywa kweCadineeli chielinilie, emva koko emva kokusweleka kuka-Alber De Lune ubuyela kwintendelezo kwaye kungekudala iba ngumlungiseleli wokuqala.
Ezona njongo ziphambili ze-Richelie zikrexeza kwe-huguenots kunye nokuncitshiswa kwamandla obukhulu. Umgaqo-nkqubo wakhe unxibelelene ngokungagungqiyo kunye ne-duncetions, ehlola, ubuchule. Kodwa i-louis ayizange ibe zizisombululo ezimbi. Uninzi lwabameli be-aristoracrain i-french bagqibezela ubomi babo kwisfufoni, kwaye izicelo zabo zoxolelwe ngaphambi kokuba inkosi ingaphendulwanga.
Ngo-1628, uKing Louis XIII ugunyazisa iphulo lokuchaswa kwenkcaso, eyayikwinqaba yaseLa Rochelle. Ngo-1627, iFleet yesiNgesi yafika apho. Uye wanikela eli phulo lomkhosi ngekhadinali
Ewe kunjalo, izigqibo ezininzi zenkulumbuso ku-Prime Dentsa zavala amehlo, kweminye imibuzo, yayingafuni ukuqonda kwaphela. Kodwa, enyanisweni, yonke imicimbi ye-State eqhutywa nguRichelieu. Louis ongunogada wayengazukuthanda. Kanye, ukhalaza malunga nekhadinali kwi-marquis yakhe kunye nothando lukaMarquis De Saint-Maru, wacela ukumbulala. Kodwa iyelenqe lokulwa umntu onenkqubo yakhe ye-espionage engakhange afumane isithsaba. Ngenxa yoko, iSaint-Mar iye yabulawa. Kungekudala, uLouis wafunda ngokufa kukanina.
Ezi ziganeko zimbi zazicaphukisa uKumkani, kodwa akukho xesha lokuzibandakanya entlungwini. Impilo yakhe iwohloka ngokukhawuleza, kunye nemeko yezopolitiko yasekhaya elizweni, kwaye unemicimbi emininzi engaphelelanga. Amagqabi kaCikhile kaDisemba 4, 1642. Emva kokuba efile, uLouis okokuqala ufumana ithuba lokuhlela ngokwabo.
Ubomi Buqu
Ukususela ngo-1612, i-louis sele ibandakanyeke no-Anna Austrian, intombi yenkosi yaseSpain. Unina waseAria waseMaria wakhathalela le nto, eyayizabalazela ukuntywila kunye neSpain. Kodwa louis xiii ngokwakhe ebengekho kubafazi. Kweminye imithombo, umzekelo, umsebenzi ka-Emil Mag uchazwa njengesimo sengqondo esifanelekileyo nabakhonzi abasezandleni zakhe kufutshane - abantu.
Umtshato no-Anna uqhubeke ngo-Novemba 1615. Amaqabane ayencinci, ngoko ke ubusuku babo bokuqala bobusuku bahlehliswa iminyaka emibini. UAnna Austrian wakhawuleza waya kwi-paris enethemba lomtshato owonwabisayo kunye nobomi obumnandi, kodwa kwakaza kwaphela ukuba umtshato nolowo unguKumkani wawusilolo. I-Louis yayingeyondawo yokunxibelelana, ngalo lonke ixesha yayisijwila kwaye ithande umculo wayo kunye nokuzingela.
UAlbert De Lüin wayeqonda ukuba i-France ifuna indlalifa, kwaye ngokoqobo ibeka uLouis ebhedini, kodwa amava angazange aphumelele, kwaye uKumkani oselula akazange afumane enye igumbi lokulala. Emva kwekhefu, ubusuku obuhleliweyo basanika iziqhamo. UAna wakhulelwa, kodwa, ngelishwa, wayenempazamo. Oku kwakhona kususa i-louis kwiqabane.
Ngomhla wama-1625, iParis ifika kunye nomsebenzi wozakuzo waseDuke Bedmentham. U-Anna uyawa eluthandweni, kunzima ukuba afihle imvakalelo, ikhokelela kwinto yokuba indlela aziphatha ngayo ixoxwa kwibhunga lasebukhosini.
Ngo-1628, begxeka, kunye nephulo lomkhosi, bafika phantsi kweLa Rochele, apho wabulawa khona. UAnna Austrian, wafunda ngawo, ulusizi kakhulu. Kodwa ukumkani ochasene noko. Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa emva kwale miva, wayalela uAbrana ukuba athathe inxaxheba kumboniso wenkundla kwaye wafumana ukonwaba kakhulu kubandezeleka.
Ngeli xesha, ukumkani waseLouis ubonakala eyithandayo - uFrancois de barrada. Kwiinyanga ezintandathu, umfana onomtsalane "uyakhula" kumphathi wendawo yokuhlala ye-burglenes. Kodwa le ndoda yayinomsindo ngokukhawuleza kwaye ingachazwanga igama, ke ngokukhawuleza lithandana ne-Fraillina, kwaye kukugxothwa yinkosi.
Ngothotho lweebhedi, abathandi kunye nezinto ezithandwayo, abaninzi babecinga ukuba imanyano yokumkani kunye nokumkanikazi yayingahlala inesiqhamo, kodwa ngo-1638, uAnna Aust xiv, kwikamva likaKumkani wanga ". Ngo-1640, unyana wabo wesibini wazalwa-uFilipu iOrleans.
Ukufa
Ngo-Matshi 1643, uKing Louis xiii waqala ukuhlutha isisu. Wayetshutshiswa ngabantu abangapheliyo bokugabha, ukutshintsha isifo sohudo. Kungekudala waba buthathaka kangangokuba wayengaphumi phandle.
Ukumkanikazi akazange aphuhliswe ebhedini yeqabane lakhe. NgoMeyi 14, 1643, ukumkani wafa. Ngonyaka onesiqingatha, wangcwatyelwa kwingcwaba lasebukhosini le-Saint-Denis ecaleni konina.
Imemori
- I-1610-I-PROCTRAET yeLouis Xiii ", iFrance Junior punus
- 1624 -Ukupeyinta "Ukuzalwa kukaLouis Xiii", uPeter Paul Paublebhule
- 1625 - Ifoto "Louis Xiii", Peter Paul Pauble irabha
- I-1639 -Ukupeyinta "I-Protory enkulu yeKing Louis Xiii", Philip De Champagne
- I-1824 -Ukupeyinta "i-velo louis xiii", uJean Auguste Dolric Engr
- Ngo-1974 - Incwadi ethi "Ukonwabisa amabali. I-Louis yeshumi elinesithathu ", Talemandander de Riner
- Ngo-2001 - Incwadi Yonyaka YaseFrance "I-Allken Debles eLouis xiii", shishkin v. V.
- Ngo-2002 - Incwadi ethi "Ubomi obuQhelekileyo kwi-Epoch yeLouis Xiii", i-Emil Mag