Biography
UPaul Verlin ngumbhali wentetho engaqhelekanga "iimbongi ezinqatyisiweyo". Wayekholelwa ngaphezu kwayo yonke. Olu luhlu lukwaquka ababhali abaliqela kwaye, kunjalo, iBaadelaire. I-lokugqibela igalelo uncwadi lwehlabathi, kubandakanya ukwakhiwa kwabameli bemiqondiso yaseRussia. Ubuchule bukaCharles Blodler babusekwe kumahluko. Ubomi bakhe babugcungcutheke, bengenaziqhamo zokufumana ulungelelwaniso phakathi kwehlabathi le-potalmor kunye nenyaniso.Ubuntwana noLutsha
Imbongi yexesha elizayo, umgxeki kunye ne-Essist yazalwa ngonyaka we-1821 kwikomkhulu laseFrance. Ixesha lokuqala lebhayiloji yombhali "imibala yobubi" yayingenamafu. Xa uCharles wazalwa, utata wakhe wayesele eneminyaka engama-60. Umama - 28. UCarolina Arshanbo wayengenathemba. Nangona kunjalo, umtshato emva kwabantu abadala kunye nomntu osisityebi utyhalele kuye nje ithuba lokuphuma kwintlupheko. UFrancois Baudelaire wawubangela, enemida ye-aristocal store kunye nengqondo yengqondo yengqondo.
Utata kaCharles waphuma kubalingane. Ithathe inxaxheba kwiminyhadala yotshintsho. Ixesha likaNapoleon lavula iindlela ezintsha zabameli bamahlelo asezantsi. UFrancois Bodler wafumana imfundo yaseyunivesithi. Wayesebenza kwi-Senate, ngokuthe ngcembe, kodwa ngokunyuka ngokufanelekileyo kwizitepsi zentlalo.
I-Baudaire-sr. Bahlala beqhuba unyana wakhe kwizinto ezinomdla ezindala. Sele esemncinci, ukuthanda ubugcisa evuswe emfanani. Utata wasweleka xa uCharles wayesengumntwana. Umothuko wokuqala wengqondo, imbongi efunyenwe ebuntwaneni, nokufa kukayise. Akazange aphelelwe ngumntu omthandayo, kodwa wafunda nomgubo womona.
Umama waya kunyaka nje. Ngeli xesha igosa elineminyaka eli-17 liyintloko yeCarolina, alibi nentsingiselo kuncwadi nakwi-ART. Yayiyindoda eyaqeqeshwa, ifundisiwe. Kodwa akazange afumane ndlela yenyama. UCharles wathumela kwiLyon, kwisikolo sokubhoda kwiKholeji yasebukhosini.
Imibongo yokuqala ka-Auadelaire yeyakwixesha leParisian. Emva kokukhululwa kwisikolo sokubhoda, waya kwikomkhulu, apho wayeqhubeka nemfundo. Imisebenzi yokuqala izaliswe yimvakalelo yokuphoxeka, ilangazelela. Ngo-1841, i-Lyric iphumelele kuqeqesho. Inqaku elinyanzelise umsebenzi osemthethweni. Nangona kunjalo, uCharles sele wayesazi ukuba ubomi bakhe buza kunxulunyaniswa noncwadi. Bazali bamenza waqiniseka ukuba aya eIndiya, ngethemba lokuba ngale ndlela wayeya kusindisa lo mfana 'kwinkululeko'.
Uncwadi
Uhambo luthathe ixesha elingaphantsi konyaka. I-ABaadelaire, kwaye ngaphandle kokufikelela elunxwemeni lwaseIndiya, yatyelela isiqithi sokudibana kwakhona. Imihlaba yolwandle yayineempawu ezinamandla kumazwi amancinci, kwaye kamva zibonakaliswe kubuchule bembongi.
Ekuqaleni kwendlela yoluleko, i-bajler ikhuthaza ukuphefumlelwa kwiziganeko ze-40s. Imbongi khange ihambe kude nentshukumo ekhulayo ekhulayo. Ndikunye nabasebenzi, balwa kwizithintelo kwihlobo le-1848, lapapasha amanqaku kwiphephandaba le-radis radis. Kamva uya kuyibiza ngokuba ngumphathi. Kwaye ukutyhubela iminyaka iya kuqala ukufumana amava phantse ngokwasemzimbeni wezopolitiko.
Imibongo yokuqala charles badelers eprintiweyo 1843. Ukuchuma kwamandla okudala kwawa ekuqaleni kwe-50s. Eyona nto iphambili yomfanekiso kwimisebenzi yemibongo yayiyinto yokudideka, ukungqubana kweenjongo zenyani engwevu. Ngo-1957, ingqokelela yapapashwa, eyakhokelela ekuhlaleni, "iintyatyambo ezimbi".
Inyani ivele kwimbongi ye-positic kwaye ingenamzimba. Ngokungafaniyo nothando, okwangenzanga inyani, i-baudelaner ayizange ikwazi ukuzixabisa nge-itrousions, ayizange iphuphe kwihlabathi elihle. Emzimbeni womntu, wabona isiqwenga sokujikeleza kwenyani. Kwimibongo ibandakanyiwe ukuqulunqwa okunentlonelo, umbhali wazityhila izinto zakhe. I-Baadelaire yaba yimbongi yokuqala eyagxekwa malunga nenkampani ngokwayo.
"I-hymn yobuhle", eyabandakanywa ekuqulunqweni okudumileyo, kungabi mhle. Ubuhle kulo msebenzi, umbhali wazisa umtsalane, onomtsalane, kodwa engenanceba. Lo gama ubonakalisiwe ekwenzeni umbongo. Eyona nto iphambili ilapha-i-antithesis.
Kwi "ntsikelelo" lembongi uthetha ngobubi obubi kweli lizwe - malunga nesithukuthezi. Isebenza kwi "Imibala engendawo" zazekiswa. Intsingiselo yentanda-bulumko enentsingiselo yemibongo yemibongo yemixholo nguwuphi umxholo ongunaphakade weengxabano zoncwadi. UBUNGQINA, NABASEBENZI BESIQINISEKISO, KUFUNYANWA KOKWENZA INDLELA YOKUZIPHATHA NGOKUGQIBELA. Abafundi kunye nabagxeki badibana nabo ngovuyo.
Kwiiveki ezimbini emva kokupapashwa kwengqokelela yaqala inkqubo kumbhali. I-bodler ityholwa ngokunyelisa, ukophula imilinganiselo yokuziphatha. Imbongi yanyanzeleka ukuba ihlawule isohlwayo, esasikwazi ukunciphisa ngenxa yokubhena kwi-vresress. Phakathi kwemibongo ebandakanyiwe kwincwadi ethi, eyabangela isixhaso eluntwini: Albatross, iPadal, i-PADAL, i-FACON, i-Enzoco ".
Imifanekiso edalwe ngaxeshanye inomtsalane kwaye iphindaphindwe. Quote, ebonisa ubuchwephesha bembongi yaseFransi, "umntu kufuneka asezantsi ukuze akholelwe kulonwabo." Enye incwadi yomsunguli wamashumi eminyaka, epapashwe ngo-1957, "umbongo kwiprose." Kodwa akasenayo impumelelo enkulu.
"IParis Spleen" yingqokelela yokukhanya ngo-1960. Le ncwadi iquka imibongo kwiprose ("izihlwele", i-pajats ezindala "," Alien "," intonga yehlwempu "). "Intliziyo yam ye-neweyiyi 'yingqokelela yeerekhodi zedayari. Zombini ii-Ingo zeZikhokelo azigqibanga. Isifo, ukusilela ubomi bobuqu kuhluthwa amandla akhe okuphela.
I-Baadelaire ngumbhali wokuqala, ogxile emsebenzini wakhe imiphumo ye-Gesisha kwingqondo yomntu. Ekupheleni kwe-40s, watyelela iklabhu abathathi-nxaxheba abathabatha abathathi-nxaxheba abasamkelayo abavumelekanga namhlanje. Yena ngokwakhe wasebenzisa amaxesha ambalwa ebomini. I-Theophile Gauther ibanga ukuba ulonwabo oluhle lwe-hashishist kwi-bodler yayiyintlekele. Kuyinyani, ekuqaleni i-50s i-poeet izamile i-opium. Kodwa ukusuka kolu lungelo wakwazi ukususa.
Kumava okusebenzisa iziyobisi zengqondo, wabhala amanqaku ambalwa angena kwincwadi ethi "Iparadesi yeDublific". Izincoko malunga nempazamo kwaye uAdish wabhalwa ngo-1951. Emva kweminyaka esixhenxe, iBaadelaire yanikezela isiyobisi se-narcotic ukuya komnye umsebenzi. Wayekholelwa ukuba ichiza linesenzo esinomdla malunga nokuqonda komntu. Nangona kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa kwayo akuhambelani nemisebenzi yokuyila. Ezinye izimvo azinamathele malunga newayini. Imbongi yaphola ukuba utywala bwenza indoda ivuleke, iphosakele.
Ubomi Buqu
Kwibhayiloji ye-charles bodler, igama elithi iZhanna huval likhankanywa. Umdlali weqonga yayiyiMyuzi yePowe ye-French French. Wazahlulela imisebenzi emininzi: "I-gocony", "balcony", "ukudanisa inyoka." I-Creolek enomtsalane yaphefumlela kuye nakwiNdawo yombongo "padal" evela kwingqokelela "kwingqokelela". Bahlangabezana ekuqaleni kwe-40s, kodwa usapho lwakwaBajeleli lwalungamkele uJeanne. Umama wenze yonke into ukuze wahlule. Ngenye imini, imbongi enyibilikayo ide yazama ukuzibulala.
I-Bodler ayizange ihlukane ne-huval de kuphele ubomi bakhe. Wayeyindoda engcolisayo, ebandakanyeka kwiiprojekthi ezinqabileyo. Izihlobo zahlawula imali yenyanga eyakha ngokukhawuleza. Uninzi lobomi bukaBaudelaire esetyenziselwa intlupheko. Ukongeza, njengoJeanne, wabandezeleka ngenxa ye-syphilis.
Ukufa
Ebudeni-60s Charles Baudelaire ishiya iParis. Iminyaka yokugqibela yobomi bakhe echithwe eBelgium. Imeko iye yadaka, isifo siqhubekile ngokukhawuleza umzimba wesigulana. Kanye kwisitrato waphulukana nengqondo. Ngo-Epreli 1866, iBaadelaire yayilahliwe esibhedlele, kodwa kungekudala izithuthi zaya ehotele. Ingqondo yombhali "imibala engendawo" ngokuthe ngcembe yaphela. Imbongi yayiyeka ukuvuka ebhedini, ayizange ichaze igama.Ngo-1867, i-Bodler ibekwe esibhedlele ukuze igule ngokwengqondo. Nge-31 ka-Agasti wasweleka. Ingcwaba lembongi enkulu yaseFrance ikwi-legendary yamangcwaba, ebiyindawo yokuzalwa yesona siFrentshi sidumileyo, eMontpparnasse.
I-Bibliography
- Ngo-1847 - "FANFARLO".
- Ngo-1857 - "iintyatyambo ezingendawo".
- 1857 - "Izibonda kwiprose"
- 1860- "IParis Splin"
- 1860 - "Iparadesi yokufakelwa"
- Ngo-1864 - "Intliziyo Yam Yentliziyo"