Biography
U-Leonard Cohen waqala waziwa kuzo zombini imbongi kunye nombhali kwaye emva koko, ukuba ngumntu odumileyo kwiisangqa zoncwadi, uqhubekele kwinqanaba lomculi weengoma zombhali. Ekupheleni kwe-60s, imvumi yoyisa esidlangalaleni kwilizwi elinobuqili. UCohen waba ngomnye wabasunguli bakomculo. Khange ndiphulukane nabalandeli kwaneminyaka kwiZiko leZen Buddhist.Ubuntwana noLutsha
I-Cohen ye-Cohen ye-Cohen ise Westmont, idolophu yaseMontreal. Wazalwa ngo-1934 kusapho lomthengisi ongumYuda onethamsanqa. Ngabazali bembongi yexesha elizayo kwaye imvumi ifike eCanada ivela eYurophu. Utata wafika ePoland. Umama waseMariya ye-KOLOVIskaya wazalwa kwaye wabekwa kwasekuqaleni eLithuania.
Kwakungekho moounds okanye iimbongi kwiintsapho zengqekembe, nangona kunjalo, i-cuts yendalo e-Leonard kwintsapho yakhuthazeka. Ukuya kuthi ga kwiminyaka eli-13 ubudala, unyana weShishini leMontreal akazange abe nezakhono zomdlalo ngayo nasiphi na isixhobo somculo. Ukwazi ngomculo kwenzeka ngokunxulumene nothando lokuqala. Ukwenzela ukuba ichukumise intombazana, uLeonards wasanda izibini ze-guitare.
Abafundisi beLeonard khange abenayo. Wenza amanyathelo okuqala kumculo wezakhe, ngokutsalwa komphefumlo. Kuyamangalisa ukuba, kwiminyaka emibini kamva yaba ngowona gitali ilungileyo kwisithili. Ngamaxesha ngamaxesha, umntu okwishumi elivisayo wenza imifanekiso ye-cafe. Malunga neli xesha, ukuqokelelwa kwemibongo yeGarcí Lorca yawa ezandleni zikaLeonard. Igitari yolutsha iyazifundisa ngequbuliso: Umculo kunye nemibongo inxibelelene kakhulu. Waza waqala ukubhala iingoma. Kodwa ikhonsathi yokuqala yenzeka kwiminyaka emininzi kamva.
Njengomntwana, uCohen watyelela isikolo samaYuda. Emva koko waqhubeka esenza imfundo esikolweni seWestmount. Apha uCohen wafunda umculo, imibongo, ethathe inxaxheba kwimveliso yeqonga kwaye wade waseka iqela labafundi. Uthando ngomculo uLeonard wazuzwa ngunina.
"Uye wafumana umculo. Ndithathe igitare, kwaye umama wavuma. Ezi ngoma zingena emphefumlweni "-Ke uCohen uza kuxelela kamva ngoMaria klonitky.U-Leonard wayehlala etyelele i-sairent ye-laurent boulevard. Apha, kwiziko elincinci elihlangeneyo, abalandeli babasebenzi abahlanganisene ngokuhlwa, abantu baphethe ngesandla nabangenakubantu abangafanelekanga. Cohen wayedla ngokuchasa. Kodwa khange badlale iingoma. Wafunda imibongo kunye neprose. Ekupheleni kwe-50s, ndafumana udumo kwiisangqa zoncwadi. Ngenxa yokuthanda kukaBawo, imbongi encinci ayidingi mali kwaye ingena kwindalo, ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa ziingcinga zesonka.
UCohen wabandezeleka bonke ubomi bakhe ngokudakumba. I-Handra Guyisa amaxesha ngamaxesha, kodwa ibuyile ngokuchaseneyo. Mhlawumbi, ngenxa yoxinzelelo olungapheliyo, imvumi yaseKhanada kunye nembongi bakwazile ukudala iingoma zaba luhlobo lweklasi. Ingoma yemvumi ityhutyha kwaye ilusizi, kodwa yakhumbula ngonaphakade.
I-Cohen yayinoluhlu olubanzi lonxibelelwano. Kodwa kwakufanelekile ukudakumba, yajika yaba kukwala. Ixesha lokuqala lokuhlambulula kwi-biography ye-coen ikwisiqalo se-60s. Yayilixesha elineziqhamo. Kwisiqithi se-Idra, imbongi kunye nombhali wachitha iminyaka esixhenxe kwaye babhala iincwadi ezimbini: "Umdlalo owuthandayo", "ulahlekile." Malunga ne-cohen njengemvumi efundileyo malunga nemvumi ngo-1967.
Umculo
Ekuqaleni kwendlela yoluleko, uCohen waba yidume ngokuba yimisebenzi yeprosaic. Kodwa imibongo yabhala rhoqo, iqala ngobutsha bakhe. Ngo-1967, umbhali waseCanada waya eMelika, apha waqalisa umsebenzi womculo. Ithandwanga kuloo minyaka ibalulekileyo ukuba ithathe ukuthanda i-Folk. "USuzanna", obhekisa kumsebenzi wokuqala we-cohen, waba nokubetha. Okwesihlandlo sokuqala, ingoma yavakala yinkwenkwezi engama-60s. UJudy Collins. Kwiminyaka embalwa kamva, uSusanna wabhalela iHarrison.
Kude kube ngo-1970, imbongi, umbhali kunye nemvumi epapashe ii-albhamu ezine. Ukufezekisa iingoma zayo kwinqanaba lokuqala waqala wenza ngo-1967. Yenzekile eNewport, kumnyhadala wamatye. I-Pebut iguqukile ukuze iphumelele. I-Prisaricy Persormermer ene-barti ye-barnene enzulu ye-caritone yenza umbono ocacileyo kuluntu. Kwiinyanga ezimbini kamva, kwenziwe ikhonsathi eNew York. Onke amatikiti athengiswa ekuphumeni.
Kwi-70th Cohen yaqala ukunika iikonsathi, zilungelelanise ukhenketho eYurophu naseMelika. Ngo-1979, imvumi yabhala i-albhamu "iingoma zamva nje". Ukwenziwa kwemvumi yaseCanada yeyona imvelaphi kunye nokulula. Izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zasetyenziswa kumculo: Zombini i-guitar, kunye ne-gypsy violin, kunye ne-mandolin.
Emva kopapasho "lweengoma" zakutshanje "zaza nekhefu leminyaka emihlanu. Xa imvumi ibuyele enkundleni, emsebenzini wakhe, abalandeli bafumana iinjongo zentanda-bulumko neyenkolo.
Ngo-1984, uLeonard Cohen wabhala ingoma "kawonkewonke". Ngeli xesha, ukuthandwa kwemvumi kuwa ngandlel 'ithile. Iinkampani zerekhodi zaseMelika zoyika ukusebenzisana ne-coen. Nangona kunjalo, i-albhamu apho ingoma ethi "i-AlliSaya" engenileyo, yayidume eCanada naseYurophu.
"Ndiyamangaliswa kukuthozama apho iinkampani zase-US zibhengeza iirekhodi zam," utshilo uLeonard emva kokwala omnye.Ekupheleni kwe-80s, ii-motiffifs zenkolo zaya kwimvelaphi. I-sarcasm yavela kwiingoma. Kwiikonsathi, wasebenzisa i-synthethezer. Umxholo ophambili kumsebenzi we-Canada Persion yayingalingani ekuhlaleni, uhanahaniso, ukungcatsha.
Phakathi kwe-90s cohen kwakhona yanyamalala. Eli xesha laqhutywa yintanda-bulumko yeBuddhism. Buyela kubalandeli be-70 yemixholo yemiminyaka engama-70 ubudala banyanzelisa ukunqongophala kwemali: Umphathi weKelly Linchi ukubanjwa kwezigidi ezintlanu kwiBills.
Imvumi erekhodwe i-albhamu "Iingoma ezintsha ezilishumi", kubandakanya ukukora, iMelancholic. Thumela ukusuka kwinqanaba kwi-90s cohen unyanzele uxinzelelo olulandelayo. Wasela iibhotile ezintathu zewayini, etshaya icuba kwipakethi. Ilizwi laba phantsi, lafumana amathunzi amatsha. "Iwaka lamaxesha" - Ingoma enezizathu ezingentle- ivakala ngokubangela ukuba ubulelane kwilizwi le-goars cook. Ividiyo yengoma isuswe kwisiseko se "Malen" - idrama kunye ne-monica belsucci kwindima ekhokelayo.
Ngo-2008, eLondon Cohen ebhale eLondon. Ingoma yesihloko se-albhamu - "Danisa nam kude kuphele uthando" -aba hit. Malunga neli xesha, imvumi yababhengeza abalandeli botyelelo olude lwalindelwe. UCohen watyelela isixeko saseCanada naseYurophu. Ngo-2010, ixesha lokuqala nelokugqibela lafika eRashiya. I-DLUO YOKUGQIBELA I-VELUCOat kwaye ingeyiyo i-HARMIP zimbini iingoma ezithandwayo zakutshanje.
Ubomi Buqu
Ulutsha lwase-Cohen lwakhokelela kwindlela yokuphila yaseBohemia. Ndizamile ukujoyina ishishini losapho, kodwa ngempumelelo. Ukongeza, ubuchule bokubhaliweyo bazisa umvuzo omncinci. Kuyinyani, kwi-60s ye-60s, kwakungekho zincwadi ze-cohen njengeziphumo zayo ze-eccentric.
Kubudlelwane kunye nabafazi, umbhali akazange abonakalise oko. Rhoqo itshintshile intanda. Ukwenzela ukuvuyisa, ngamanye amaxesha isetyenziswe i-LSD. Ichiza lalingekabilwanga, iimbongi, iimvumi, umlawuli kunye nobunye ubuntu obunemilondolozo enziwe kunye naye.
Ngo-1960s, uCohen wayenonxibelelwano noMarianna Ilen, awanikela iingoma zakhe ezizezame emva kwexesha. Ke uSuzanna Elod wavela kumdlalo wokumvumi, owaba ngumfazi wakhe. Ngokuchasene noluvo ngokubanzi lwakwamkelwe ngokubanzi, hit "USusanna" unikezelwe komnye umfazi.
UCohen no-Elrod baqhekeza ngo-1979. Imvumi inabantwana ababini: i-Lorca no-Adam. Intombi, ebizwa emva kwembongi oyithandayo, yaba ngumfoti. Unyana ngumculi, izwi lezigidi eziphantsi.
Kwiminyaka yee-80s, uCohen wayenenoveli enefonti yefoto yaseDopic. Umama weFrenchwo uthatha inxaxheba ekudubeni kwezikrini. Umfanekiso waseDominica uhombisa isiciko somculo wowasemzini - incwadi kaCohen, epapashwe ngo-1993. Umfazi wokugqibela ebomini bomculi nguRebhecca de monty.
Ukufa
Ngo-Okthobha ka-2016, i-albhamu yokugqibela yakhutshwa - ufuna mnyama. Imvumi yaseKhanada yabulawa yiLeukemia kwiiveki ezintathu emva kokukhululwa. Ingcwatywe kwidolophu yakhe.
Kwiinyanga ezimbini emva kokusweleka kwembongi kunye nemvumi eMontal, ikhonsathi yazinikezelwa emsebenzini wakhe.
I-discography
- Ngo-1967 - iingoma zikaLeonard Cohen
- Ngo-1974 - ulusu olutsha lomsitho ondala
- Ngo-1977 - Ukusweleka kwamanenekazi 'Indoda
- Ngo-1984 - Izikhundla ezahlukeneyo
- 1992 - Ikamva
- Ngo-2001 - Iingoma ezilishumi ezintsha
- Ngo-2009-uhlala eLondon
- Ngo-2010-iingoma ezivela endleleni
- Ngo-2014-Iingxaki ezithandwayo
- Ngo-2016-ufuna ukuba mnyama