Biography
Umpostile uPetros - umzalwana uAndrei okokuqala wabizwa, omnye wabafundi abalishumi elinambini zikaYesu Kristu, ngokweephenya leCawa yamaKatolika - ipopu yokuqala. Kwizibonakaliso zamaKristu zibonakaliswa ngumlindi weparadesi.Ubuntwana noLutsha
Ayizizo zonke iinyani zebhayoloji zobuqu lwembali ezaziwa inzala. Ke malunga nomhla wokuzalwa kompostile uPetros unokuqikelela kuphela. Kodwa kwiZithethe zeVangeli, isibonakaliso sale ndawo sigciniwe apho iphi indawo apho iPiledile yaseGalili, idolophu encinci kumhlaba wasePalestine. Ummandla waseGalili wayemi, ngaphezu kwabo bonke bevela eYerusalem. Yayiyindawo kakhulu abahedeni kwintsimi yayo, kamva baba ngumhlambi wokuqala kaPeter.
Emva kokuzalwa, lo mpostile wafumana igama uSimon. Igama likaPeter, elivela kwisiGrike eliguqula "ilitye", sibizwa ngokuba nguYesu ngokuzinikela okhethekileyo, ngokubhekisele kumlandeli ofanelekileyo wokufundisa isiseko secawe.
UPeter wayetshatile nomtshana wompostile uBharnabhas, waphakamisa intombi nonyana. Ndifumene umsebenzi olula olula nongathus-ndibamba intlanzi kwi-gennistore ichibi. Umsebenzi ongakhange uzise umvuzo ongaka ufuna unyamezelo kunye nomonde.
KwiVangeli kaMateyu nakuYohane, amabali awahlukeneyo indlela adibana ngayo noPetros kwaye ekholelwa kwimfundiso yakhe.
Ngokutsho kolunye uhlobo, umzalwana uAndrei wazisa kuYesu uSimon, owafunda kaYohane umbhaptizi kwaye wafunda kuye ngoMesiya. UYesu, wajonga uSimon, wambiza ukuba nguKifoy (Aramiki - "ilitye", "- Greek). Ilitye-Ukholo lwe-allegoricly apho icawe yakhiwe khona.
Ngomnye, uYehova wabafumana abazalwana ekulobeni, elunxwemeni lwechibi, waguqukela kubo ngamazwi.
"Ndilandele. Ndiza kukwenza ube zii-hotander. "UYesu wabonisa intsingiselo enzulu yebinzana ngokuzalisa imiphetho yeentlanzi zenqanawa kaPeter noAreri.
Abaphandi ababoni nxamnye neengxelo ezimbini. Bakholelwa ukuba uMateyu ugxile kubomi babantu abaqhelekileyo abasebenza nzima. Ngelixa uJohn wagxininisa ukuba ngokomoya yayingaqhelekanga kwintlanganiso, babephulaphule iintshumayelo kwaye belungiselela ukuza kukaMesiya.
Ubulungiseleli bobuKristu
UPeter akazange abengwa kwangoko kwinkonzo yabapostile, amathuba akhe amathuba akhe namandla eNkosi. IZibhalo Ezingcwele zibonakalisiwe kumpostile njengomntu olula, kunye neenkanuko kunye nobuthathaka babo. Ngenxa yothando nokuzinikela, uYesu Kristu wamvumela uPetros rhoqo kunabanye, ukubabonisa.
I-St. Peter kuphela kwabafundi, ekufundeni iNkosi uYesu Krestu, ohamba elwandle, waya kuhlangana namanzi, kodwa wathandabuza ukuba unguMfundisi, kodwa wasindiswa yiNkosi Ongcikiva e-Manivia.
Xa uYesu waxela kwangaphambili ukubandezeleka okufileyo, uPetros wema kwaye apha, esithi akunakwenzeka. Umpostile wacenga uKrestu ukuba ayeke inkolelo, awayeyibiza ngokuba "nguPetros", njengoko wayecinga "hayi ngento yokuba uThixo, kodwa loo mntu." UPetros wamphulaphula kuye wabhekiswa kuye kwaye nangona kunjalo akazange amshiye uKrestu.
UPeter, ngaphandle kwento yokuba wayedla ngokuvumela ubushushu obutshutshisiweyo ukuba bathathe umphezulu, babehlala besondele, kunye nabapostile uYohane noJacob, isiseko sabafundi. UYesu wahlulela uPetros kwezorhwebo zibalaseleyo zobomi bakhe. Lo mpostile wabona ubuqaqawuli obuvela emhlabeni, kwigadi yomyezo wegadi, amandla kaThixo ngokuvuka kuka-Krestu intombi kaJayire.
Ngaphezu koko, ngaphezu koko, uPetros waphambukeli kuphela, xa abafundi bakaYesu babemxabisa, bengathandabuzekiyo, baphendula bathi: "NguKristu, kwathiwa, unguye uKrestu, unyana kaThixo.
Indawo yokutshintsha kubomi bukaPeter Peter, kade wabapostile, yayikukuhliswa kweminyaka emithathu kunyana kaThixo. Emva kokungcatshiswa kwaYuda, uYesu wabanjwa wancinwa endlwini yombingeleli omkhulu. Abantu abathathu abavela kubakhonzi babona lo mpostile baze bangomnye wabafundi bakaKristu. UPeter, woyika, ngobomi bakhe, waphendula amazwi angaziwayo noYesu. Ngelo xesha, kwavakala ukukhala kwelahleko, isithsaba sasikhumbuza isiprofetho setitshala, sinyuka saba kutukutyumka ekrakra.
Abanye babafundi bezakwalizwi, indlela awasabela ngayo umpostile ngamazwi abakhonzi iguqulelwa njengembonakaliso yobubuthathaka bomoya womntu, kunye nomnqamlezo we-roster - njengelizwi likaThixo, elingapheliyo ukucoceka kwesazela.
Ngomzekelo wakhe, owokuqala kwabapostile wabona indlela ekulula ngayo ukuba seyokugqibela. Kodwa ke uYehova wamxolela umfundi oyintanda, wabuya waguquka kasibini, wawubuyisela umhlambi wabapostile, wamawubamba umhlambi, wokufundisa abantu bobukhosi bobuKristu.
Ngaphezu koko, uKrestu, owenze isono esinzulu, wavuma izitshixo zobukumkani bamazulu, esenza umlingane phakathi kwabantu kunye noThixo, ukuba nelungelo lokuthatha isigqibo esifanelekileyo salo. Ngenxa yoko, kugxininiswa ukuba ngokuguquka, inyani iyafundwa kunye namasango eParadesi.
Emva kovuko oluhle, uKrestu waqala uPetros. Emva kokunyhanisa uMsindisi, uPetros, njengayona ibalulekileyo phakathi kwabapostile, yaba ngumfundisi wokuqala kunye nomshumayeli weLizwi likaThixo.
Kwangelo xesha, i-Saint Sainc iqonde ngokugqibeleleyo ukuba ukuze uthando nokholo kuya kufuneka sihlawule ukukora kunye nokubethelelwa nguNyana kaThixo, awayeyiphawula - umzekelo ocacileyo. Ukufa kwabantu ababulalayo kwakuluhlobo lwemeko yompostile. Kodwa kwangaxeshanye, uPetros wafumana amandla anyaniseke, efana nalowo ungaqhelekanga kumfundisi wakhe.
Emva kwemicimbi yePentekosti yeSaint Saint, xa, kunye nabanye abafundi, uPeter wasamkela ngobubele bomoya oyingcwele, lo mpostile waqalisa kubulungiseleli. Ngenxa kwiintshumayelo zakhe zokuqala, amawaka amathathu abantu bangena kubo ekuhlaleni amaKristu.
Wajika waba ngumshumayeli ongenangqondo, ongenangqondo, waqala ukubonisa imimangaliso ye-Ania naseSafishire, wavusa i-Tabhif, wavusa i-chrome the tempile, yabuya ithuba lokuhamba.
Kwanasothunzi sengcwele: Xa lo mpostile wadlula esitratweni, abaguli bakhutshwa ezindlwini ukuze isithunzi siphilise. Xa, ngokomyalelo kakumkani, uHerode SaidePetros wavalelwa entolongweni, ingelosi yeza ebusuku yahlangula umpostile kwisiphelo.
Ekuqaleni uPetros washumayela phakathi kwamaYuda. Kodwa emva koko isityhilelo saya kulo mpostile, abantu beza nebali elinelisayo elalingengulobhedeni omnye umhedeni kwaye wayalelwa ukuba ameme isimonon, obizwa ngokuba nguPetros.
Uya kuthetha amazwi oya kusindiswa, nendlu yakho uphela.Iindaba ezikwabelwana ngazo ekwabelwana ngazo nabanye abapostile, eyamjonga njengomqondiso wokuba ukukholosa kuKristu kungekuphela nje kumaJuda, kodwa nakwamanye amahedeni. Umhedeni wokuqala obhaptiziweyo yayingumStnilius waseRoma kunye namalungu osapho lwakhe.
Nangona kunjalo, kamva umpostile uPawulos wathi "phathiswe ubuvangeli ngenxa engalukanga njengoPetros ngenxa yolwaluko." Kwacinga ukuba uPetros, i-LED evela kwelaseGalili, yayinzima kwiilwimi zasemzini, ezazithethwa ngabameli bezilwanyana ezahlukeneyo ezihlala kwiMpuma yeMeditera. Ngokuhambelana, isibongozo kubuKristu asinguYuda-umsebenzi kaPawulos.
Ababhali-mbali becawa banee-10 zabapostile bakaPeter. Lo postile washumayela kwelakwaYuda naseSamariya (i-Syriar Bank yoMlambo iJordani), iSithamsho yeTurkey yale mihla kunye neGrisi naseBhabhiloni, i-Bhabheli, i-viphini. Oyena mfundi uPyotr oyena mntu uPyotr wabethwa ngumfuno.
Intsomi ithi, ishiya iYerusalem, lo mpostile wayehlala kumzi ongapheliyo iminyaka engamashumi amabini, apho wayesiya khona icawa. Ukuba eRoma, uPetros u-Saitron wahlulwa ngamavili, hayi ngentliziyo esulungekileyo yokubhaptiza abhaptiziweyo kwaye wazinikela ngenxa kaKristu. Kwintshayelelo kunye ne-Mini-Chengi, iZenzo esithi uSimon noPeter bachazwa ngobungqina bezinto zabo. Ngoncedo lomthandazo, umThelo woMpostile waphakamisa umfana ovela kumyalelo wasebukhosini, uSimono ulawulwa nje ukuba ajike intloko.
Njengoko kuyalelwe lulwimi olungcwele olungcwele, inja yayicacile. Ke uSimon, osongela abantu baseRoma, bathembisa ukunyusa isibhakabhaka kwaye bayenza ngoncedo lwemicimbi yeedemon. UPeter naye wenza isicelo ngoncedo kuYesu, ethandazela ukuba iidemon ziwushiya umoya. USimon wawa wawa. Kwaye abemi baseRoma, abaye babona ezo ziganeko, bakholwa nguThixo ongatshatanga ababeshumayela nguPetros.
Kwimiyalezo yabaguquki, uNgcwele ekuvavanyisweni ukuba angaboyiki izoyikiso nentshutshiso, angayiniki inkani abahedeni, babhengeza abaprofeti bobuxoki abangayiqondi imigaqo yenkululeko yamaKristu kwaye bakhanyele intsingiselo yoMsindisi .
Iintshumayelo zeSt. UPeter ayisiyonto yokuqiqa kuphela, kodwa imiyalelo yekhonkrithi icaciswe ngolwimi olulula olulula. Umpostile wacela imbeko ukuze ahloniphane, ukuba athande ezona, kuba uthando luthatha izono, uloyike uThixo, hayi ukuthutha omnye umntu.
"Ukuba nje ezinye kuni, njengamasela, nokuba lisela, nokuba lisela, limilikisi, nokuthintelwa kwanemisebenzi, nokuba ingeniswe, Kwaye ukuba njengomKristu, ke musani ukudibana, kodwa bumzukise uThixo ngenxa yekamva. "Sele iminyaka engamawaka amabini, ebhekisa kwimithandazo yompostile uRamba, abantu babuzwa ngobunzima bokholo, malunga nokubuyela kwi-Lono yaseBandla elikwizifo.
Ukufa
IRoma yaba yindawo yokugqibela yobomi bompostile uPetros. Malunga nenyaniso yokuba ukufa kulinde ingelosi engcwele, kwaye uPetros waziqonda iindaba ngombulelo. Ngoncedo lukaMpostile kuKristu, amashweshwe amthandayo ngu-Emperor uNero kucingelwa ukuba agqibe kwelokuba aqhube lula. Ngoku-oda kuMlawuli waseRoma wabamba uPetros.
Umpostile wacenga umsitho ukuba abethe babethelela intloko yakhe, kuba wayezicinga ngokwakhe engakufanelekeli ukufa njengoNyana kaThixo. Ke ngoko, umnqamlezo onqamlezileyo ubizwa ngokuba yiPetrovsky Cross. Usuku oluqikelelwa ekufeni lweSaint-Juni 29 kwiKhalenda yeJuliyar. UPeter uPeter wangcwatyelwa kwithambeka le-Vitican Hill ngomfundi wexesha lesigoci laseRoma.
Intsomi igcinwe, nto leyo, ngaphambi kokuba ungene ezandleni zabaseRoma, uPetros wayezishiya esixekweni, kodwa endleleni eyakho umbono kaKristu. Lo mpostile wabuza ukuba uza phi, kwaye wafumana impendulo eyokuShuming isiya eRoma ukumnika kwakhona. UPeter wayeneentloni kwaye ebuyela.
KwiCawa ye-Orthodox yaseRussia, uSuku lwePetrov luwela nge-12 kaJulayi. Iinkonzo ezizodwa zibanjelwa kwiicawe: usuku olungaphambi - ubusuku bonke-vigil, ekuseni - i-largy. Abo banqwenela ukuza kuKrestu bemfihlo. Ngolu suku, i-Petrovsky Guliyaagy yaqala ngalo mhla, ukongeza kumhla wememori, uPeter nasePavel Rarbinniki zazukiswa ngoSeptemba 23.
Imemori
- 1511-1514 - URafael, ukusilela okumangalisayo kumpostile uPetros kwiTomnov "
- 1592 - El Garco, "Prestiter Petros"
- I-1601 - caravaggio, "ukubethelelwa emnqamlezweni kweSt Peter"
- 1610-1612 - Ibhuleki, "umpostile uPetros"
- I-1626 - I-St. Cat'dhidral kaPeter eRoma
- I-1703 - ISIXEKO SE-St. Petersburg ("St. Peter")
- 1732 - Ikati ye-Peter noPaul eSt. Petersburg
- 1762 - UGabriel Kozlov, "umpostile uPetros ubuyiselwa kuKristu"
- Ngo-1888 - Icawe yompostile uPetros eJaffa (Israel)
- Ngo-1910 - UNikolai Gumlev, "Isango leParadesi"
- Ngo-1962 - ikati ye-nunoike (Japan)
- Ngo-1990 - I-Washington Catthedral (Cahloral oNgcwele Petros noPaul)