Biography
I-villily mkhulu ngumbhali, umbhali wecawe kunye no-Archbishop in Turkish Cesarea, owayephila ngenkulungwane ye-4. Indoda ilwelwe ngogonyamelo kunye ne-Hictics, ingoyiki ukohlwaywa kubalawuli. Utitshala weCawa uqhekeze ngokutyala kwezenzo ezilungileyo, ezizichetywa ngabantu abalula.Ubuntwana noLutsha
Ipeyinti enkulu yazalwa kwisixeko saseKesareya, yayiliziko lolawulo lommandla waseTurkedocia, kwinkolo, entle kwaye inesityebi. Unyaka wokuzalwa ecaweni wayengakwazi ukufaka-malunga ne-330. I-vasly kety ibizwa emva kotata, imali yomthetho kunye noSomlomo.
Inkwenkwe ekuseni yabantwana yakhula kwimozulu yokufunda iNkosi. Umakhulu kubutsha bakhe wafunda eSt. George osebenza nabo, kwaye ebutsheni bakhe, kunye nomyeni wakhe, obehla kwi-Omophali abasemgangathweni kumaKristu, ehla ngentshutshiso yaseDioclecletian. Umalume womthonyama wakhonza njengobhishophu, njengontakwethu amabini eGrisky noPeter Sevastiy. Udade baka-Macrina kwixesha elizayo waba bubukhulu bemoniyakazi.
Utata omncinci uVaska walungiselela nendlela yombingeleli. Utitshala weCawa weCawa wafumana imfundo ebalaseleyo-ihleli kwizikolo zaseKesareya, eConstantinople neAthene. Xa wayeneminyaka eli-14 ubudala, umzali wasweleka uDady, yaye umfana wayehlala kwindlu yelizwe elingumakhulu, eyathi kamva yajika yaba yimoyeni. Kwaye babeneminyaka eli-17 ubudala, lo mfana waphulukana nesalamane sakhe, kwafuneka afudukele kunina eKesara.
Kwikomkhulu le-Ellen's Isilumko, iAthene yakufunda ngenkuthalo kwaye yatyelela icawa-gxila kubunyulu bobomi bomfana. Wayenomdla wesayensi, inkqubo yokufumana ulwazi, olwaluhlala ngemini nobusuku emva kweencwadi, elityelweyo nokuba utye. Kwakukho umqondiso wophawu: wadibana ke, kwaye kamva wabahlobo ngokuqinileyo kunye noGregory wezakwalizwi. Omnye umntu ofunda naye wayekwanguJulian Apostode, umlawuli wexesha elizayo kunye netshutshisi amaKristu.
Iminyaka emihlanu ichithwe eAthene, kwaye emva kokuphumelela, ndagqiba kwelokuba ulwazi lwaluzaliswa zizizathu zehlabathi. Lo mfana akazange afumane inkxaso yenkolo, ngoko wakhangela ezizweni amaKristu.
Ubulungiseleli bobuKristu
Indlela yakhokelela eJiphutha, apho ubuKristu buchuma khona. Indoda ingene ekufundeni iincwadi zenkolo, ezazinika umntu oqhelene nayo - i-orremithandrite porfiry. Ngokuhambelana nam ndizamile kwizithuba. Ezweni, intlango yavula ithuba eliqaqambileyo lokufunda kwimibutho ezukileyo - i-Pahomi, iAlexandrian, uFudid wayehlala kufutshane.
Kunyaka emva koko, uValala waya ePalestina, ukusuka apho kwasePalestina neMesopotamiya, waya kwiindawo ezingcwele, wayeqhelene neengxabano zezenkolo, wangena kwiimbambano zenkolo. Ukufika kwakhe eYerusalem, kwanqwenela ukubhaptizelwa iYerusalem, kwaye ngexesha lesakramente, ngokwembali, iqhawe laqala ukubona umqondiso. Xa uSawule weza kwindoda ukuba ipeyinti, imibane yomlilo yawa ezulwini, kwaye ijuba lajika latshabalala eYordan.
Ukubuyela kwi-penates yendabuko, kwaqala ukuqala kwakhe ukubandakanyeka kwimicimbi yemigaqo, kodwa izihlobo ziyaqiniseka ukuba ziqalise ubomi bokuzingca. Indoda eneqela labahlobo kunye nabantu abanentliziyo efanayo nabo baya kwizifundo zosapho kwisiqithi sePonte, apho wabeka khona uluntu oluthile. Kodwa ngo-357, imbali yakhe iphinde yatyeshela uhambo - ngoku phantsi kweemonithi ze-capt.
Ngowama-360, kwiLizwe, kwanikezelwa iValily Desiviter, waba ngumcebisi kumhlobo wakhe uSisevia, owayengubhishophu. Ukukhathalela amakholwa, ukushunyayelwa kwamazwi kaThixo aveziwe intlonelo nothando lwabantu, kwaye eli mali lenza umfundisi-ntsapho. Wayengonelisekanga lubomi bokuxinana kwePsybyter. Ukucutha inqanaba loxinzelelo kubudlelwane, i-visly igqibe kwelokuba ibuyele kwindlu yemo enkulu entlango, ngakumbi ithemba elinjalo ikhethe.
Entlango, isiqabu esikhulu sakuvuyela ukuphumla, ngelixa siqinile iimeko zokuhlala: soze sihlambe, sihleli emlilweni, sihleli kwiingubo nje ezazinxibe i-mniriya kuphela endiyiphethe ngayo i-mniriya. Ukungabinamsebenzi ongqongqo okwenziwe ngomzimba-vekinya ilahlekile ubunzima, kwaye phantse akukho mandla ishiyekileyo.
Emva kwexesha elincinci, i-Grigory ye-Grigomer yangena kwimonki. I-Comrades ngokudibeneyo yanikezelwa kwiintsuku zemithandazo, iphosa iincwadi ezithandekayo zehlabathi, ithathe ukufundwa kweZibhalo Ezingcwele kunye nokudalwa kweZithambisi zeCawe yeMonocar, ezikwiindibano ezizezinye zeCawa yaseMpuma. UGregory, owayengagungqi, akazange gem, asebenza kude kufike isithsaba sesixhenxe, esabelana ngendawo yokuhlala ngaphandle kophahla nesango.
Ngeli xesha, i-Emperor vale icelwe kwitrone yamaRoma, kunye nokuqala kolawulo lwakhe lweOthodoki baqala ukucinezela kakhulu. Ukomeleza amandla, u-Eusevia wafowuna okhutheleyo kwaye enobulumko, kwaye imonki eshiyiweyo yeza kuhlangula. Ukubuya nge-365 eKesara, indoda yalawula i-diyocese ezandleni.
Ukusuka phantsi kwepeni, kwaphuma iincwadi ezintathu ezihlaselwa ngu-Arian Arian Arian Arian, ngaphezulu, umntu wakhetha isiqubulo somsebenzi - "i-Ipostasis ezintathu kwiqela elinamanye amazwe", nto leyo emanyeneyo yokholo.
I-vissing yokwenene yasungula imisebenzi emva kokusweleka kwe-Eusevia kwi-370. Icawe yathatha isikhundla seMepopolitan Cappadocyan kwaye saqala ukutshabalalisa ngokuqatha iAlaya eMalaya Asia. Ewe kunjalo, umlawuli waseRoma akazange acoce kakhulu ikratshi kwaye waya kumanyathelo agqithisileyo, ukwahlula iCampokia ibe yimimandla emibini.
UVosed wahlala engenasabelo sengonyama nabalandeli, kunye negunya lakhe kwiCawe. Nangona kunjalo, igatya lokholo lokwenyani lisabeka oobhishophu kwizixeko eziphambili zemimandla yabantu abathandanayo - i-rigoring yezakwalizwi, iGrigoria Nis noMzalwan 'uPetros. Kwaye emva koko i-tite yazisa isipho se-visly: edabini ne-Adrianopol, i-Emperor i-valenti igalelwe, eyayitshintsha ibhalansi yamandla ecaweni nakwilizwe liphela. Kodwa kuba i-vasly yayisele ihambile.
Imimangaliso kunye nezenzo ezilungileyo
Ubomi buka-vastoly the omkhulu waphinda wadlula kwiintsomi. I-Orthodox yakholwa ukuba le ndoda yabona kwaye ingumdlali wemimangaliso emininzi. Nje ukuba umntu obhindini afakwe eSaint Saint, owawuva umphathi. Kodwa kwileta eyabhalwa nge-visly, umntu owonileyo uphendule rhabaxa. Emva koko usukelo olukhulu lujolise kuye lokuba kungekudala uza kusinda kumsindo wabantu abaninzi. Kwaye okunene, emva kwexesha, umphathi wangena kwinkosi.
Ngexesha lemfazwe yase-Persian, ukuziva uzithanda kakhulu ngaphambi kwe-icon yentombi enyusiweyo enguMariya, imilenze yayo yayibonisa i-Mercury Mercury - i-farrior enkulu. Le ndoda yacela abaNgcwele ukuba bangavumi ukubuya kwimfazwe uJulian ewexuke. Ngequbuliso iMpuma inyamalala, xa oko kwavela, wayitshiza igazi lakhe. Emva kwexesha, abathunywa bazisa iindaba zokuba uJulian wenzakala emfazweni.
Vesilumko had isipho esingaqhelekanga: Ngexesha le-turigy, igobo yegolide exhotyiswe kabini itrone iqaqanjelwa kathathu, yangqina ukubonakala koMoya oyiNgcwele. Kodwa xa intaka ingazange inike umqondiso, kwaye icinga ukuba yaqonda ukuba isizathu ese-Demone, owayephupha ngokubukela umfazi omuhle kwitrand.
Umfundisi watyalwa ngumdikoni kwi-opitidia engqongqo, kwaye ngaphambi kokuba isibingelelo sayalela ukwahlula ulwahlulelo ukuze abafazi babengenakumjonga xa kunqulwa. Ukusukela ngoko, ijuba alizange liyeke ukubhengeza ukungakhuli uMoya oyiNgcwele.
Enye intsomi ithi niseka qho wakwazi ukuphepha ukugxothwa kwilungiselelo lobuThixo. Ngemini yoMhla weNkosi ebandleni, apho wayekhonza khona, kukumkani we-vanti. Ukubona ubuhle bomhlobiso kunye noku-odola etempileni, wathandabuza kangangokuba wayekhathazwa kwindawo yeHedrogen engcwele.
Nangona kunjalo, bemkile ekhaya, iintshaba zikaVasily zaqubuda umphathi ukuba agxothe umlo kunye noAriana. Ngexesha lokutyikitya kommiselo ofanelekileyo phantsi kwe-valente, isitulo sadinwa kwaye i-cane yaphuka, nto leyo eyayifaka utyikityo. Emva kokuba i-cane yesithathu yaqhekeka, umlawuli wothuka wasitshabalalisa isivakalisi.
Ngokuqalisa uzuko lwendoda enobubele, ilungele ukuza kuhlangula, nokuba yeva ngesigwebo. Ibali liyaziwa ngosindiso lomhlolokazi oselula nolityebileyo, iindaba ezilungileyo ze-Epri, ezazizama ukutshata enye ngesidima. Intombazana ayifuni kuphulukana nokulahlekelwa ngumhlolokazi, kwaye ikhawuleze inoncedo oluninzi lokunceda.
U-Bishophu wakwazi ukuthumela indoda ehlwempuzekileyo kwimoiden voyisa, njengoko abathunywa baka-Eusevia babhabha kwangoko kwiimfuno zokugxothwa. Ke kaloku kwathi vuleke ke kwabanjwa ekrexeza, wakhangela esonga. I-dapars enomsindo yathembisa ingcwele yokuthumela intuthumbo enkulu. Ukuthintela ukutyeba ngokungxama, abantu abanesixhobo esikhawuleza bakhawuleza ukuya kwibhotwe le-Eusevia. Ngenxa yoko, i-Saint yabuya kwindibano yangaphakathi iphila kwaye ingonakalisi.
Ukufa
Ngexesha ithuba lokuthatha ithuba lotshintsho kwezopolitiko kurhulumente, indlela yokuphila yothiyo yayiphelelwe ngumzimba kaVesily. Indoda isweleke ngosuku lokuqala lwama-379, inika inkonzo kwitempile yeminyaka engu-8 ka-8.5.
Ngokwembali, ngaphambi kokusweleka kuka-genaly, umYuda wabhaptizwa, waguqukela kubafundi kunye nomhlambi wamazwi asusayo ukuba angayishiyi icawa kude kube nge-9 izolo. Wathandaza kuThixo, umvuzo mboleko kuba ubomi obuzityebi nobulusileyo, kwaye babugxotha umoya. Abameli bomvumiseko oqinisekileyo - omabini amaKristu namaJuda, kwanabangahedeni baqatshelwa emngcwabeni. Vesily yayiyi-canonly kanye emva kokuba efile.
Imemori
Usuku lwememori ye-vasily enkulu kwiCawa ye-Orthodox yaseRussia-Januwari 14. Indumiso engcwele ivavanywa ngoJanuwari 30, ngalo mhla umthendeleko wekati ye-Saintral yabathathu e-Saint-vasily, i-Grigotiy Theologing kunye noJohn ye-zlatostist yafakwa.
Ngcwele ineempawu ezininzi. Waba ngumxhami weemonki, iimvumi kunye nabalimi. Lo mfanekiso uphathwa ngoncedo ekufundiseni, ngemfundo, ukuqala kwetyala elitsha kunye nomnyango wekhaya elitsha.
Izihlandlo ezili-10 ngonyaka kwiicawa zibanjelwe yithambile ye-vastilegy enkulu. Le chinocution yayingu-archbishop weKesareya.
Ngo-1999, kuba intsikelelo yoosolusapho waseMoscow kunye neRussia i, iGazi lokuqala letempile yaseTsite yaseStnh e-vdnh eMoscow. Kwi-Autumn ka-2001, i-chapel elungile inikezelwe.